Gallbladder Cancer Treatment in India

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GALLBLADDER CANCER Gallbladder cancer is very
uncommon. Women are more likely to have gall
bladder cancer than men. The risk increases with
increasing age. It is more common in patients who
have stones in the gall bladder, the risk being
about 1. Other diseases of the gall bladder,
such as, porcelain (calcified) gallbladder,
choledochal (bile duct) cyst and chronic
gallbladder infection also increase the risk of
gall bladder cancer. It's not clear what causes
gallbladder cancer. Most gallbladder cancer
begins in the cells that line the inner surface
of the gallbladder and is called as
adenocarcinoma. Gall bladder cancer tends to
spread to nearby organs and tissues such as the
liver, bile ducts or small intestine. It also
spreads to lymph nodes in the region of the
liver. Ultimately, distant organs and lymph nodes
can become involved.

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What are the signs and symptoms of gall bladder
cancer?   Gallbladder cancer is difficult to
diagnose because it often causes no signs or
symptoms. When present, the symptoms may be
non-specific and similar to many other chronic
diseases. The relatively hidden nature of the
gallbladder probably makes it easier for
gallbladder cancer to grow without being
detected.  Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and
whites of the eyes), itching, bloating, abdominal
pain, weight loss, decreasing appetite, fever,
nausea vomiting or an enlarging abdominal mass
are all signs that may be attributable to gall
bladder cancer. Frequently, jaundice is a late
development and the other symptoms have been
present for a long time. Sometimes, it is
detected incidentally on the biopsy after
cholecystectomy (gallbladder removal operation)
for gallstone disease. When diagnosed in this
situation, it is generally at a very early stage
and the chance for cure is very good.

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Stages of Gallbladder Cancer The following
stages are used for gallbladder cancer Stage 0
(carcinoma in Situ)  Abnormal cells are found in
the inner (mucosal) layer of the gallbladder
these abnormal cells may become cancer and spread
into nearby normal tissue Stage I  Cancer has
formed and has spread beyond the inner (mucosal)
layer to a layer of tissue with blood vessels or
to the muscle layer Stage II  Cancer has spread
beyond the muscle layer to the connective tissue
around the muscle. Stage IIIA  Cancer has
spread through the thin layers of tissue that
cover the gallbladder and/or to the liver and/or
to one nearby organ (eg, stomach, small
intestine, colon, pancreas, or bile ducts outside
the liver)

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Stage IIIB  Cancer has spread to nearby lymph
nodes and Section_218 beyond the inner layer
of the gallbladder to a layer of tissue with
blood vessels or to the muscle layer or beyond
the muscle layer to the connective tissue around
the muscle or through the thin layers of tissue
that cover the gallbladder and/or to the liver
and/or to one nearby organ Stage IVA  Cancer
has spread to a main blood vessel of the liver or
to 2 or more nearby organs or areas other than
the liver. Cancer may have spread to nearby lymph
nodes. Stage IVB  Cancer has spread to either
lymph nodes along large arteries in the abdomen
and/or near the lower part of the backbone or to
organs or areas far away from the gallbladder.

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Diagnosis of Gallbladder Cancer Physical
Examination and History Liver Function Tests
Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) Assay CT
Scan (CAT Scan) Ultrasound Exam PTC
(Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography)
ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatograp
hy) Biopsy Laparoscopy

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Treatment for Gall Bladder Cancer in
India Surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy are
all used to treat gallbladder cancer. Many
patients get a combination of treatments. For
example, chemotherapy or radiotherapy can be used
to shrink the tumour before surgery. Your
treatment will depend on the stage, grade and
type of cancer cells you have. The stage looks at
the size of your cancer and if it has spread from
where it started. The grade of the cancer can
tell if your cancer grows quickly or slowly. You
can have a low, moderate or high grade cancer.

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• Surgery
• Surgery offers the best chance of curing
  early-stage cancer that has not spread beyond the
  gallbladder. To determine if surgery is possible,
  surgical oncologist at DHRC may order images of
  the gallbladder, bile ducts and the liver.
  Surgeons will use a camera and miniature
  instruments inserted through tiny incisions in
  the abdomen (laparoscopic surgery) to see if the
  tumor has spread (metastasized). Surgery options
  include
• Simple cholecystectomy If the tumor is very
  small and has not spread to the deeper
• layers of gallbladder tissue, the surgeon may
  use this procedure, which removes only
• the gallbladder. Occasionally this procedure
  can be done using laparoscopic surgery.
• Extended cholecystectomy. This is the most
  commonly performed surgery, involving
• removal of the gallbladder, the liver tissue
  next to it, and nearby lymph nodes.
• Chemotherapy
• When the cancer has spread to other organs,
  medical oncologists may recommend
• chemotherapy.
• Chemotherapy currently does not cure advanced
  gallbladder cancer, but sometimes
• slows the disease's progression.

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Radiotherapy Radiotherapy treats cancer by using
high-energy x-rays that destroy the cancer cells
while doing as little harm as possible to normal
cells. It is occasionally used for cancer of the
gall bladder. It can either be given externally
from a radiotherapy machine or internally by
placing radioactive material close to the tumour
(brachytherapy). Robotic Surgery for
Gallbladder Cancer in India Single-Site da Vinci
Surgery gallbladder cancer hospitals in India is
minimally invasive performed through a single
small incision using state-of-the-art technology.
This procedure is performed using the da Vinci
Surgical System. da Vinci is a state-of-the-art
robotic surgical platform that translates your
surgeons hand movements into smaller, more
precise movements of instruments inside your
body. da Vincis vision system provides your
surgeon with 3D-HD visualization allowing for
enhanced vision, precision, dexterity and
control. During the entire procedure, your
surgeon is 100 in control of the da Vinci System.

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FAQ - Gallbladder Cancer Treatment in India   How
is gallbladder cancer treated? Gallbladder cancer
may be treated in any of these ways Surgery Radia
tion therapy Chemotherapy A combination of the
above   What is a cholecystectomy? A
cholecystectomy is an operation in which the
gallbladder is taken out. A more extensive
surgery also takes out part of the liver around
the gallbladder, nearby lymph nodes, and
sometimes other nearby tissues or organs. 

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Which is the Best Hospital in India for treatment
of Gallbladder Cancer? India has not one but
many better than the best hospitals for cancer
treatment. Mail us your medical report and we
will find the hospital most suitable to treat
your medical condition. Is it safe to get
Gallbladder Cancer Treatment and Surgery in
India? The medical fraternity in India is famed
for excellence, and leads in Cancer surgeries.
Thousands of cancer operations are performed in
India each year with maximum success rate, making
the safety obvious.

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