Cold fusion, Tesla, Scalar wave, Torsion field, "Free energy", Zeropoint Energy Extraction..= Really All Pseudo Science?(part 3 of 14). - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

About This Presentation
Title:

Cold fusion, Tesla, Scalar wave, Torsion field, "Free energy", Zeropoint Energy Extraction..= Really All Pseudo Science?(part 3 of 14).

Description:

Part 3 of 14 series: Entire part 3 to 14 can be viewed at – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:201

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: Cold fusion, Tesla, Scalar wave, Torsion field, "Free energy", Zeropoint Energy Extraction..= Really All Pseudo Science?(part 3 of 14).


1
Cold Fusion, Tesla, Torsion Field,
Scalar Wave", Free Energy, Harvesting ZPE...
Really All Pseudoscience?
  • Analysis of New Energy Paradigm, Including
    Controversial Questionable Claims of Tech
    Efficiency, Non-Energy Applications, Lobby
    Groups...

PART 3 OF 14
BEN RUSUISIAK NEW NATURE PARADIGM TECH
ANALYSIS VANCOUVER, BC, CANADA, Updated May21,
2017
www.linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm
2
  • ABSTRACT LENR-Cold Fusion is virtually accepted
    by mainstream(MS) While MS rejects "E-cat"
    claims on already selling 1MW electricity LENR
    generator, now energy can be produced with
    basically free fuel. Thermodynamic closed
    system based over-unity or Persistent
    Current/motion is officially observed in quantum
    nano circuit, beyond Shockley-Queisser limit
    solar cell, non-linear optic/laser/spintronics,
    time crystal, magnetocaloric effects. Academic
    taboo of vacuum photon extraction/electron
    fluctuation, Maxwell's demon, Quantum ratchet,
    Casimir force harvesting micro electronic device,
    2nd law violation are now on MS science
    journals. Low cost magnet /resonance based major
    emission reducers with 10 extra efficiency,
    Thermo Electric/Thermo Photo Voltaics
    heat-to-energy systems, high efficiency
    Waste-To-Fuel/Energy systems with, Catalystic,
    SuperCritical water, Cold or Steam Plasma are
    starting to be deployed. Above might foreshadow
    first FULL science review of hyper energy
    efficiency installation claims e.g. 1-Extracting
    nano oscillation/radiant energy as electricity,
    2-Harvesting DC reverse voltage power(Counter
    EMF), 3-Resonance catalyzed HHO/Oxy-hydrogen gas,
    4-Cold plasma standing wave creation of
    light/water/inert gas in cavity, 5-Compressed air
    COPgt1 heat exchanger converted to mechanical
    power, 6-Catalyzed emulsion fuel with far beyond
    50 H2O, 7-Hydrocarbon increased by
    photo-catalyzed O2 Nanobubble water fuel
    emulsion, when infused with CO2 in room temp/
    pressure. 8-Combined air-in-water floating
    gravity force, 9-Propellantless drive, 10-Hydro
    cavitation heater, 11-Betz limit excess
    hydro/wind turbine, etc. They often seem to run
    on mechanics with common side effects official
    physics cannot explain are low cost,
    convertible to superior new techs that can foster
    mind/body based nonlocal human capabilities,
    also can replace majority of propulsion, weather,
    medical, remediation, time dilation, algorithm,
    key mining-industrial-farming processes-If
    officially full peer reviewed by MS science.
    Recent paradigm shift might allow investigations
    on increasing testimonials about such non-closed
    system pseudo science RDs by groups across
    Govt/Military /Aerospace /Intel agencies
    private contractors, often hidden under secrecy
    law, to which above organizations executives
    often have no access i.e "unacknowledged"
    projects(eg 1000 classified inventions in
    Enviro-Energy-Propulsion-Medical exist amongst
    NATO allies). Yet there are efforts to partially
    disclose unlimited energy related tech as
    tiny-minority-controlled highly exclusive
    modality while same final effects can be created
    by wide range of unexclusive relatively simple
    tech or mind/emotion based methods if a fraction
    of budget is spent to develop. Such paradigm can
    totally liberate mass from "dead-end public
    consumption science" education restricted by
    centrally controlled science law. From current
    vantage point, there is some possibility of world
    dividing into roughly two different camps at both
    elites general population First group is
    already more focused on exclusive patent or
    machine/DNA controlled surveillance or physical
    effect creation to enable world influence by a
    fraction of population. Emerging second group
    will likely to be more focused on low cost simple
    unexclusive tech or holistic mind/emotion/biologic
    ally driven effect creation. Overall, MS
    commercialization by multiples of unlimited
    energy production methods is inevitable, yet not
    only its economic impact but also who is going to
    be in control of technological dominance
    individual life would likely become a(covert)
    central issue in the coming yrs.

3
Qualification of information
  • This presentation primarily focuses on less
    known but latest science consensus forming
    technologies on strict effect basis, while a bulk
    of highest efficiency low cost techs a majority
    of "outrageous" or controversial claims category
    contradict predominant view, especially of
    Wikipedia Western media/NGOs. Hence
    attendants/readers are recommended to re-assess
    the data individually.
  • Regarding Controversial But Future Critical
    Technologies Discussed


    Term Free energy or Over-unity in this
    presentation is defined as seeming as if


    -1 Drawing
    more energy than existing or continuous motion
    with no energy input. -2 Work is
    done by other than Thermodynamic Free Energy
    open system symptom.
    -3 Using free material generally not
    considered as fuel.

    Inventors-scientists-witnesses
    their claims might involve higher likelihood of


    -4 Fabrication,
    reliability exaggeration, or statistical error
    chance of observed effect.


    -5 Significant quality gap between inventions,
    yet -

    -6 At least collective majority seems
    to consistently produces claimed effects.
  • Currently more detailed reference list is being
    produced will be published separately
    The research is updated
    based on reviewing academic papers journals,
    books, speeches, presentations, patents,
    lab/product testimonies/complaints, publications
    public records of NGOs/media/research
    institutes/think tanks/military/space gov't
    agencies/industry associations. Most effects
    quoted have accumulative-consistent evidence from
    unrelated era source, but mechanics
    categorization are hypothetical. Commercialized
    company/products are shown in Boldface Dark Blue.
    Due to space constraints, referenced
    individuals names are given only last name or
    part of first name unless web search
    identification becomes difficult(often
    non-Western names are given in full), company
    names are listed in a way that is findable by
    internet search.

4
Contents
  • p06 Sscience accepted free Micro Energy
    Harvesters
  • p45 Industrial Energy Harvesters Solid State
    Device, HRSG
  • p85 Solar/Wind/Hydro with beyond official
    limit, Biomass/WtE, Methane
  • p125 Biomass, Inventor Tech Ambient
    Electricity/ZPE extraction, HHO gas
  • p164 Inventor Tech Cold Plasma, Compressed Air,
    Aneutronic Fusion, Torsion
  • p209 Torsion field, Scalar energy, Standing wave
    resonance
  • p242 BioTorsion Field? Remote View, Martial
    Art, Mentalists, Qigong, Hypnosis..
  • p278 "Copy Paste" by Torsion/Scalar,
    Terahertz, FIR waves, Photo Catalysis
  • p304 Highly anomalous ORMUS, another state of
    matter?, LENR-Cold Fusion
  • p342 Official Acceptance of LENR ZPE Resonance
    extraction Ramifications
  • p387 Outrageous Claims(OC) ZPE related effect
    witnesses, Tech influence lobby
  • p426 OC ZPE related Tech lobby, Engineering of
    Material/Timespace
  • p447 OC ElectroMagnetic mind influence,
    MindRitual based technologies
  • p479 OC ZPE related Weapons, Summary
    Conclusions

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
5
  • This file is part 3 of 14 series Entire 14
    series can be viewed in one file at following
    presentation sites.
  • At ISSUU
  • https//issuu.com/newnatureparadigm/docs/energy_20
    17-july11
  • Or SCRIBD
  • http//www.scribd.com/doc/227644705/2016-UPDATE-Co
    ld-fusion-Tesla-Scalar-wave-Torsion-field-Free-ene
    rgy-Over-unity-Really-All-Pseudo-Science-A-New-Par
    adigm-Energy-Trigger-b
  • Or CALAMEO
  • http//en.calameo.com/read/0048384130fe2dc3ff3dd
  • Thank you. Ben Rusuisiak.

6
Science-Accepted Super Low Cost Solar 11 CSP
  • gtgt continued SOLAR


    5. Standard CSP can be currently
    lt6/KWh, Molten Salt storage type can supply power
    almost 24hrs with significantly increased
    cost(Calcium SuperCritical Fluid experimentally
    lower cost), Ongoing further cost reduction, eg


    i Skyfuels Heliostats by low
    cost film instead of mirror,
    ii
    UltimateTrough collector by Flabeg Solar, etc,
  • 6. Unique niche specific installation solar
    cell low efficiency(5-10) but
    attachable/wearable/textile Organic
    PhotoVoltaics(Samsung, Mitsubishi) for
    convenience, by low cost material/manufacturing
    from Hetrojunction, Dye Sensitized(DSSC) to
    Perovskite use, Thermoelectric/fibreoptic
    textile with 3-5 level(NASA), Polymer coating
    on hardsurface to make it a solar
    generator(ZeoFRET - Optiacal Additives), Super
    high efficiency(beyond S-Q?) transparent liquid
    coating on glass or smooth surface material with
    less than 1yr ROI(SolarWindow Technologies) also
    makes flexible solar cell glassSolar panel
    charging fan driven wood cooking stove to save
    40-60 of wood eliminate most of smoke for 3rd
    world user's comfort(African Clean Energy),
    -gtgtcont

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
7
Science-Accepted Super Low Cost Solar 12 Solar
Thermal, Portable Camper
  • gtgt continued SOLAR 6. Unique niche specific
    installation solar cell
  • Hand portable set of solar panel with battery
    pack for large TV, laptop(SolarWay), even
    powerdrill, microwave oven useable(Ecoboxx -
    SolSave) becomes by far the lowest cost power
    in many parts of low developing nations. This
    would be disruptive if openly endorsed for
    recreational market in advanced nations. 10-80hr
    solar based LED light small device with one day
    charging (Solarbuddy, Waka Waka Light, SunFire
    Solutions)
  • 7. Solar thermal/heat Disruptively low cost,
    often forgotten, instantly applicable with 50
    efficiency with existing tech use, For
    residential, commercial, industrial(Industrial
    Heat Process, at least 60 of electricity is used
    to generate) application as co-heat source
  • i Solar Air Heating-cooling, Very scalable, Can
    be combined with Solar Thermal Collector
    SolarWall(J Hollick), Low tech dessert area
    heating and cooling by Trombe Wall(M Dabaieh),
    Mainstream participation of air
    conditioning-cooling by use of heatpump(Lennox
    SunSource, Tokyo Gas), Commercial scale
    refrigerator(Coolar),

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
8
Science-Accepted Super Low Cost Solar 13
Thermal/CHP
  • --gtgt continued SOLAR 7. Solar thermal/heat


  • ii Solar water cooling Ammonia-water absorption
    based Ice maker(ISAAC Solar Icemaker), Solar
    driven Lithium Bromide absorption based water
    refrigerant system (???? Yazaki Group),
  • iii Solar thermal by hot water collecting
    Enerworks , Extensive District Heating system
    incorporation heat storage in Denmark(Marstal),
    Brædsrup),
  • iv Rare but most efficient(70) combined PV
    Solar thermal unit type by hot water recovery
    while cooled temperature improves PV cell
    performance eg Technique Solar(D Thoroughgood),
    Solar Angel etc . Concentrated thermal at 80
    efficiency(IBM), Similar concept with housing
    construction element added more energy produced
    than used home idea can be cost competitive
    depends on solar panel costing(Sonnenschiff-PlusEn
    ergy-HeliotropeR Disch, Övolution,
    Sous-le-Soleil, ArchiBlox) --gtgtcont

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
9
Science-Accepted Super Low Cost Solar 14
Thermal/CHP 2
  • gtgt continued 7. Solar thermal/heat

    v Solar Heat for Industrial
    Process(SHIP) suitable for low/mid temp needs,
    v-a Cooking Scheffler reflector etc
    use, pasteurizing, cooking(Tss-India), advanced
    parabolic or vacuum tube use(SunFire Solutions),
    solar tracking system with heat storage tank
    movable to chosen location of cooking(SUREST
    International),

  • v-b Various Industrial washing desalinating,
    drying, cooling, bleaching(Megawatt Solutions,
    Clique Solar ARUN, Trivelli Energi), higher
    efficiency Linear Fresnels used Chromasun
    Micro-Concentrator, v-c Utility Gas-steam
    turbine augmenting or reduce start up time,
    Integrated Solar Combined Cycle(ISCC) Yazd Solar
    Energy , v-d Solar Thermal EOR(Enhanced Oil
    Recovery) Novatec Solar, GlassPoint,
  • Solar thermal is applicable in std model device
    to most industries except Metal-Smelting(high
    temp system must be custom made) types, Cost
    justifiable even when heat storage is needed,
    Different temp types Basic Standard Flat
    Plate Collector(lt80C)(Apricus), or Evacuated
    tube (lt100C), But simple external non-tracking
    reflector added 200C performance is
    possible(Artic Solar), Often heat pipe is used
    for effective/efficient rapid heat transfer,
    Mid temp system Parabolic Trough or Linear
    Fresnel Collector(lt400C), --gtgtcont

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
10
Science-Accepted Super Low Cost Solar 15
Thermal/CHP 3, New Mechanics
  • gtgt continued 7. Solar thermal/heat


    CSP(lt600-800C), Up to 3500C system exists but
    non commercial Le Four Solaire dOdeillo PROMES,
    produced H2 by non catalyst pure heat from water,
    Or ??????? ????????? ???? in Uzbekistan(lasting
    45yrs Some CSP system might last much longer
    than std rating of 25yrs, also some Photovoltaic
    cell would last 50yrs with 25 less initial
    capacity i.e. Cost of certain device can be much
    lower than publicly discussed).
  • Instead of mirror, Solar Pumped Laser with
    Fresnel lens using Chromium doped NdYAG (Yttrium
    aluminium garnet) crystals or variations to
    increase light absorption efficiency by a few
    fold(PD Reusswig), and using its heat for super
    efficient solar hydrogen making (Kaz Imasaki),
    added efficiency if seawater's magnesium
    generates heat(Tak Yabe)
  • 8. Other fundamentally different mechanics
    type, Practically untouched by mainstream, but
    national labs/space agencies seem to involve,
    some indication of over-unity solar under right
    conditions i Maglev Vertical Axis Mendocino
    Motor V3Solar(C LaDue), Array of AC current
    producing multiple spinning solar cones with
    mutual counter rotating amplifying effect?,
    ii Solar Liquid Power(D Linman), iii
    Diffused light workable Superconducting paint(C
    Bolaños), similar 85 efficiency steam generating
    carbon foam(Ha Ghasemi), or Nanosized Quantum
    Dots based Photovoltaic Paint(Sus Thon, Ted
    Sargent)

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
11
Science-Accepted Super Low Cost Wind 1
  • gtgt cont SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER COST TYPES (Grid
    parity or less)
    WIND
    ENERGY, Wide range of under deployed different
    mechanics/tech available, extensively tested by
    labs smaller scale models to back up claims,
    even mini turbines more efficient than larger
    conventional, but often way past grid parity
    lower cost than all conventional energy tech,
    only in specific locality and not universally,
    but some are lt4cents/KWh.
  • Following listing includes many commercialization
    failures/bankruptcies due to being new product
    quality issue failing to capture
    unconventional wind effect in half of installed
    sites, sometimes highlighted as proof of non std
    wind tech invalidity in wind energy media or
    industry expert blogs,
  • Almost no participation by largest ranking wind
    power majors, Majority of following wind tech
    indicates science illegal performance of Betz
    limit(59 efficiency) exceeding up to 4
    times(vortex, venturi coanda type effect funnels
    extra wind, also limit might not apply to non
    HAWTHorizontal Axis, etc), hence frequently
    called exaggeration/miscalibration, Often
    a-Fundamentally different mechanics from
    conventional wind tech, b-Works with higher
    lower wind level, c-Quieter, d-Very space
    efficient. e-Reduced or no bird/bat accidents.
    Some are f-Specialized in small scale, g-Longer
    lasting and less maintenance, h-Simpler
    mechanics. --gtgtcont

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
12
Super Low Cost Wind 2 VAWT, Blade Variation etc
  • gtgt continued WIND Alleged beyond science law
    efficiency wind turbine eg


    i-Involved with aerospace industry (eg
    DAWT- Diffuser Augmented Wind Turbine, Delta
    Wing, Use of mechanics of Sailing directly
    against wind or faster than wind speed),
    Indicated in Boldface Dark Blue means actively
    commercialized in following 1-17
  • 1 Advanced VAWT(vertical axis wind turbine
    Darrius Savonius combo etc, material integrity
    improvement continued from past wind farm
    failures(Yih Ho Pao) Turbina VAWT(Mi Tesic),
    Luethi Wind(M Luethi), Sambrabec Catavent - ERD
    qc(Obidniak),
  • 2 Large VAWT types Agile Power(Bahnmüller),
    Terra Moya(R Taylor), Mass Megawatts(Jo Ricker
    Multi-Axis Turbo system MMW augmenter), New
    Millenium Wind(Drew Thacker, high profile with
    contracts- suddenly retracted), Wind Harvest
    International(B Thomas), 3 Maglev VAWT by
    Senzhen TYPMAR, Regenedyne(Choi Jenkins),
    Mag-Wind(Rowan, later called fraud, sometimes
    happens when inventor type free energy tech is
    commercialized p183-187), 4
    Unconventional rotation type Windpods (Attey),
  • 5 Turbine engine type Stormblade
    Wind(Jovanovic), Hush Wind Turbine(Ar OConnor),
    6 Different blades or bladeless Saphon(Aouini),
    de Archimedes (Ruijtenbeek), SpiralAirFoil(Parker
    Noonan), --gtgtcont

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
13
Super Low Cost Wind 3 Rotor, Multi Direction etc
  • 7 Specific Shaped Fluid dynamic effects i Tesla
    Turbine Tesnic(Ho Nica), spins with same speed
    as wind, extremely strong with high wind, "close
    to 100" efficiency?, ii DAWT Airsynergy(J
    Smyth),
  • iii Magnus effect Rotor ship(Flettner) by Enercon
    E-ship1, but Rotor type oscillation wind
    generators are only marginally lower cost than
    conventional, iv Spiral magnus cylinder
    blades Mecaro(Nob Murakami), needs electricity
    to initially activate generator, v Venturi
    rotor Energy Ball Vindkraft,(van der Klippe), vi
    Conical Helicoid Windstrument(Cl Clark),
    disruptively scalable, vii
    Rectangular building roof edges Anerdgy
    WindRail(Sv Koehler), viii Others BERWIAN wind
    concentrator (In Rechenberg), 3D wind turbine
    Nheolis (Haddjeri, French govnt backing), Warp
    ENECO(Weisbrich),
  • 8 Airborne wind majors(eg Google)
    participating Altaeros(Glass),
    KiteGen(Ippolito), Ampyx(Koning Ruiterkamp),
    e-kite(van den Brink), TwingTec(C Houle), Ocean
    freight free wind propulsion SkySails, How
    much power can be generated if combine this 1km
    range long device with Electro Hydroylic Tether
    or simple electro conductive wire?
  • 9 Omni directional Katru IMPLUS(Sureshan),

    10 Wind-solar hybrid(Skywolf/WindTamer
    J Brock), Blue Energy(Melchior structured self
    cleaning solar surface), --gtgtcont

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
14
Super Low Cost Wind 4 Spiral or Coupled Vortex
  • 11 Basic spiral convection vortex effect,
    mostly by active engineers mainstream academics
    large corporate/Govt backing, Upright vortex
    or Along steep mountain contour pipe Vortex
    Engine(Michaud), Tornado Wind Energy TWECS(Ja
    Yen), Windhamster(Jü Schatz),
  • Microwave projection triggered tornado
    generator(Sl Tepic), Other research pre 1960s
    (Cheng Ting Hsu, Nazare, Ma Haug, Be Dubo, Ma
    Menard), After 1990s(Stiig, Ma Tanner, Bubnov,
    Ra Menard, Ar Glezer, More common among Russian
    Chinese academics),
  • 12 Downward vortex by water spray(P Carlson),
    Sharav Sluices(Zaslavsky, Guetta, Israel Gov
    backed), side effect use for desalinating water,

    13 Horizontal, large version of vortex
    tubes(De Oliver), Vsquare Wind(Ro Freda, US army
    link), Sheerwind INVELOX(Allaei),
  • 14 Mini size vortex Western Co
    Fotovoltaici(Gachechiladze Cimini),
    Convection Mill model(AR Bennett, A
    Holmes), can be interpreted as ambient permanent
    free energy 15 Boundary Layer, Coupled Vortex
    Effect(Paraschivoiu, Daibiri), Only small
    improvement but universal wind turbine
    performance booster adopter Leviathan Wind
    Energizer(D Farb),

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
15
Super Low Cost Wind 5 Oscillation/Resonance etc
  • 16 Oscillation based, no rotation, easily
    installed literally anywhere, highly scalable
    Altenera BreezeBee(Mo Kaplan), Even more
    efficient Standing Wave causing Resonance freq.
    crossover type of Self exciting vortex shedding
    Zephyr Energy Windbeam(Dy Thorp), Aeroelastic
    flutter Windbelt/Windcell/Humdinger(S Frayne),
    sold only under certain special conditions, some
    already copied Wolt Wind Energy.
  • If resonance creation is aimed (avoided by
    regular turbine for device integrity reason) it
    might further improve efficiency as seen in other
    techs. Use of Helmholz cavity(eg blowing air at
    top of bottle to make loud sound) to take up very
    little space on buildings wall yet possibly more
    efficient than conventional generator per same
    wind(SP Matova, T Van Buren). What happens if
    pair up the resonators? Also see
    Piezo-Triboelectricity (p25-28),
  • 17 Portable foldable wind generator Natural
    Power Concepts(J Pitre, US military link), Micro
    Windmill(Sm Rao), Ventus Folding Wind(Kuckir),
    15-100cm diameter scalable space fillable
    interconnected light turbines generates useable
    power from 2m/sec MotorWind(Gambarota)

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
16
Super Low Cost Hydro 1 Underwater Tidal, Flow
Dynamics, Adjusting blades, beyond Bez Limit etc
  • Hydro/Tidal/Wave Some are much lower cost only
    in remote towns or private power generation, 1
    Fundamentally conventional turbine operated super
    low cost hydro eg Hydro-Québec, Manitoba Hydro,
    Three Gorges Dam,
  • 2 Underwater tidal flow, Low head hydro(allows
    to generate power from unused water flow with
    minimum disturbance), some regular hydro turbine,
    while majority is similar to vertical axis
    Darrieus wind turbine like Benkatina(D Farb),
    Mako Turbine - SeaUrchin(M Urch), Beck Mickle
    Hydro allows full weight of water power capture
    with 70 range efficiency instead of regular
    premature turbine rotation (Gilmartin Cattley),
    ORPC(Gorlov Turbine used), New Energy EnCurrent,
    Strom-Boje(F Mondl), Hydrovolts (Da Roth), Izumi
    si(V Markovic), Hydrocat. Larger scale Verdant
    Power(D Corren),
  • More efficient large scale Sundermann Turbine
    tilts power blades as rotate - vertical version
    of above Beck Hydro Many of above are easy
    installation- no damming/digging, Often easy
    relocation, some show Betz law violation
    efficiency. Also large hydro dam equivalent in
    ocean Large to mega scale tidal Blue Energy
    Canada(Bar Davis, Mar Burger). --gtgtcont

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
17
Super Low Cost Hydro 2 MHD, Wave Surge Web
  • Hydro/Tidal/Wave 2 Underwater tidal flow
  • One of the most effective in ocean energy segment
    by MHD(MagnetoHydroDynamic) generator by wave
    move(Liquid Metal type) or tidal move
    both(Scientific Applications Research
    Associates, ??????????- Institute of Electrical
    Engineering Chinese Academy of Science) this
    type can be easily demonstrated its low cost
    high efficiency(Koslover, Rynne, M.F.M.A Majid,
    Yan Peng, Li Ran??), Desalination plant left
    over high salt content effluent flow salt water
    MHD(KSB Aktiengesellschaft)
  • 3 Use of both wave surging webbing for power
    Greenwave Energy, Use of highest lowest point
    with in a set of wave scalable system
    MotorWave(Gambarota) also can work as a floating
    connected "trompe"s to pump water to high land.

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
18
Super Low Cost Hydro 3 Wave Phase Matching, Phase
dumping, MagnetoStriction etc
  • -gtgtcont Hydro/Tidal/Wave 3 Use both wave
    surge/web for power
  • Mainstream group supported unique wave energy RO
    water desalination device or waterwheel power
    generator(Atmocean) works by high floating
    capacity water surface buoy connected by
    vertically moving shaft to submerged floating
    anchor(seafloor unfixed) to function as water
    pressure pump as 15 or more networked units.
  • Inertial vertical axis above-water gyroscopic
    generator whose rotation matches with wave
    oscillation frequency to create 50-100 more
    efficiency than most other wave generators(Aar
    oldin, H Kanki - Hitachi Zosen). 300-500 more
    efficiency than conventional wave power by Heart
    valve like Phase-dumping control spring mechanism
    to match amplify wave motion (CorPower Ocean AB
    - NTNU) this anomalous claim is backed by
    sufficient vol of experimental results similar
    to sensor micro electricity harvester mechanics.
  • No-moving parts wave Reverse MagnetoStriction/Vil
    lari Effect use iMEC Oscilla Power, Kutlo jp)
    oscillating shape of ferromagnetic material
    generates time variant magnetic field to generate
    electricity --gtgtcont

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
19
Super Low Cost Hydro 4 Resonance/Oscillation etc
  • -gtgtcont Hydro/Tidal/Wave
  • 4 Non Turbine, highly scalable, low speed
    workable Vortex shedding oscillation VIVACE
    Vortex (Bernistas),
  • Electroactive Polymer Artificial
    Muscle/Dielectric Elastomers electric generation
    on any moving water(Kornblush),
  • Nano Fibre Piezomaterial use(Huifang Xu), Also
    combo of Piezo Triboelectricity recovery for
    doubled effectiveness contact electrification of
    water with PDMS film with patterned pyramid
    array(Zhong Lin Wang et al)(p24-27)(this geometry
    is also effective at Far Infrared/Microwave
    absorption eg Anechoric Chamber) Tribo methods
    recover electricity by liquid contacting and
    moving on generator surface(water is negativevly
    charged device is positively charged).
  • 5 Liquid pipe flow electricity recovery
    5-100KWh Lucid Energy(Schlabach), Rentricity,
    Use of venturi to increase speed/energy harvest
    HyPER(NR Prasad), Hydroventuri(Geo Rochester)
    overunity like effect,
  • 6 Also completely different far more efficient
    mechanics system exists but pseudoscience
    treatment due to use of "non-existent" effect or
    over unity efficiency(p154-163) eg HHO
    OxyHydrogen gas use MHD power generation.

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
20
Lowest Cost Energy From Vast Biomass 1
Intro
  • Biomass Heavily related to human
    habitat/cultural activities with enormous energy
    potential even without major technological
    paradigm change, and usually not perceived as
    such, but often becomes Lowest cost energy when
    apply different sets of energy criteria.
  • a- Even simply by use of conventional tech,


    i Applying different cost structure as
    by-product(eg Fuel from cellulosic content of
    plant, Sugar Cane Bagasse, Wood chips etc. High
    energy required waste water treatment reduces
    energy needs 30, might even net energy, ii
    Minimum human living condition by-product(Energy
    produced from Waste or Landfill Gas removal),
    iii Regional or Operational based Sawmill
    residue burned with cost is now made into Pellets
    for income, iv Reevaluating existing criteria
    of energy(Peat, Gas Hydrate)
  • ß- Long researched tech with official
    breakthrough declared types, Some of well known
    energy industry disruptive techs entered into
    mainstream accepted commercialization during
    2013-2015. This would also gradually reinforce
    idea of far more energy availability than demand
    for entire world if combined,

    v Cellulosic ethanol -
    second generation biofuel,
    vi
    Sub-SuperCritical Water (SCW) or Hydrothermal
    Liquefaction(related tech is marked as "?", often
    mainstream approved lowest cost tech for
    biomass/organic waste energy production).




linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
21
Lowest Cost Energy From Biomass 2 Categories
  • --gtcont Biomass ß- Breakthrough Tech Types
    After Long Research
  • Feed stocks used to sustain SCW fuel producing
    operation can be as low as 2-4, while other
    methods requires at least 20 of feedstcok
    consumption simply to run same fuel making
    process itself. Also SCW process can be
    completed as short as in seconds rather than
    conventional methods of hrs(combustion etc), days
    weeks(AD), and this operation emits very low
    emission and CO2 is easily recoverable,
  • Biomass related technologies are categorized 1-4
    as follows in this presentation, but there is a
    large degree of cross over

  • 1FOREST RESOURCE, 2 AGRICULTURAL, 3
    SOLID/LIQUID MINICIPAL-INDUSTRY-AGRI WASTE to
    Gas/Methane, Gasoline, Diesel, Ethanol, Crude
    Oil, Compressed or as is fuel, Bio Coal, 4 THER
    BIOMASS Seaweed/Algae/Peat As is or processed
  • 1FOREST RELATED Largest vol use in biomass,

    ?1a
    Non-industrial private wood burning/firewood use,
    particularly in non developed nations is deemed
    very large but no precise figure agreements, many
    nations allow access for logging or growth debris
    by private individuals freely or by license, Very
    low efficiency heat use. gtgtcont



linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
22
Lowest Cost Energy As Vast Biomass -3, Residual
  • --gtcont 1FOREST RELATED

    ?1b Industrial extra
    wood fibre recovery There is extensive recovery
    of forest by thinning plantation as well as
    harvesting entire tree(including branches), and
    sometimes stump root Finland harvests more
    than 1 million m3/yr in recent years, some
    synergy with peat harvesting, increase minimum
    10 of wood vol, much less extent but still done
    in Sweden, Baltics, UK. Also general above
    ground wood debris recovery from forest is lot
    higher in North West Europe than most other
    regions. Infra set up with first certain
    duration of "investment period" is needed.
  • ?1c Wood Gasification Power generation Net
    energy gain compared to simple combustion, cost
    itself had been higher than conventional
    combustion in the past due to technical uptime
    issue but situation is rapidly changing in last
    2-3yrs. Some are CHP(Combined Heat
    Power)/Cogeneration.
  • ?1 LARGE SIZE power plant application(10-150MWh)
    by overcoming tar, corrosion, plugging issue
    etc, predominantly North West Euro companies, due
    to the size primarily Fix Bed Updraft, or
    Entrainment, Circular or Bubbling Fluidized
    Bed(Foster Wheeler - VTT, Vølund, Nexterra,
    Valmet, Andritz Carbona, Outotec, Metso),
    Cleaner emission by Steam Fluidized Bed?(Repotec
    GmbH, Bosio si),

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
23
Lowest Cost Energy As Biomass -4, Wood Gas -
Large Size
  • --gtcont 1FOREST RELATED ?1c Wood Gasification
    ?1 LARGE SIZE Likely the
    largest installer in the near future with
    increasing success (KaidiHI.com ?????????????)
    high profile company in China with nation's
    President visitation in 2011 13, while its
    presence success is little known in west.
    (?indicates Sub/SuperCritical Water related
    tech)
  • ?2 MID SIZE(0.5-20MWh) some are very compact
    size.
    ?Scandinavia(Meva Energy,
    Weiss A/S, Cortus Energy WoodRoll, Gasek),

    ?DACH German Speaking Countries(Christof
    Industries GmbH), heat pipe use for 35
    electrical efficiency under 1MW(agnion Entrade),
    Enhanced hydrogen production by superheated steam
    injection?(Güssing Renewable Energy GmbH),
    ?Other Europe (Xylowatt NOTAR, Greene Waste to
    Energy, Torftech, Biomass Technology Group BV),
    ?North America(Chiptec, PRM Energy Systems, KMW
    Energy, Thermogenics Gasification ),
    ?Asia(Chongqing Welluck Trading, Ankur
    Scientific),
  • Full pyrolysis(starved oxygen gasification)
    mechanics type that produces biochar
    byproduct(Phoenix Energy, Splainex) Fuel/gas
    extraction wood Pyrolysis is often smaller scales
    or mini DIY types, and usually not competitive
    with other wood gasification methods. But it is
    often competitive for plastic-tire processing to
    produce liquid fuels. Also superior method for
    non-fuel biochar/activated carbon/carbon black/
    as main production. ---gtgtcont

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
24
New Perspective -Lowest Cost Energy From
Vast Biomass -5, Wood Gas - Small
  • --gtcont 1FOREST RELATED ?1c Wood Gasification
    Power generation
  • ?3 SMALLER SIZE(100-500KWh) often CHP, many
    are containerized system module base for
    scalability. Some devices start requiring higher
    feedstock selectivity to achieve efficiency only
    ideal material of lt15 moisture of uniform sized
    chip, no dust, no high mineral content etc.
    ?Scandinavia (Biosynergi Proces, Volter
    ),?Western Europe(Spanner Re², URBAS, Arbor Heat
    Power, Holzenergie Wegscheid, Uniconfort),
    high efficiency achieved by pellets use with down
    draft( stationary fluidized bed)(Burkhardt
    GmbH), pyrolysis element use(KÖB Viessmann),
    ?Japan is usually tech savvy but lags behind in
    Wood gasifying(Yanmar, ZE Energy Inc, Chugairo
    Kogyo),
  • ?Other areas (Community Power Corporation BioMax,
    Biogen corp ltd, Carbo Consult Engineering),
    Single unit 400KWh size by downdraft bed(this
    method generates clean gas but traditionally very
    picky for feedstock)(PHG Energy), some are heat
    generation focus(Infinite Energy Pvt, Advanced
    Climate Technologies),
  • ?4 MINI SIZE POWER generator(10-200KWh)
    Recently often CHP equipped sophisticated
    residential to small community/industrial use
    electrical generator is offered(Entrade, All
    Power Labs, HERZ Energietechnik) less ash, more
    compact etc.



linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
25
Lowest Cost Energy Vast Biomass -6, Wood Pellet
  • --gtcont 1FOREST RELATED ?1c Wood Gasification
    Power generation
  • ?5 MINI SIZED HEAT only deice usually unrefined
    or DIY type system particularly at developing
    nations, but increasingly sophisticated devices
    are offered, and generates lowest cost heat by
    large margin in certain micro macro regions
    ?
    Europe(Kraft und Wärme aus Biomasse, GUNTAMATIC,
    Wallnöfer Walltherm, ATMOS - Jaroslav Cankar a
    syn), some pellet boilers are also efficient by
    regular combustion by CHP 25 electricity
    generating Stirling Engine(ÖkoFEN), or pellet
    gasifying-direct combustion switchable(ETA
    Heiztechnik GmbH),
    ?
    North America(Skanden Energy, Kuuma Lamppa
    Manufacturing),
    ? Others(Associated
    Engineering Works Gasifier),
  • ?1e Pellet A form of "free energy" utilization
    or value adding in forest industry by use of
    sawmill forest residual, Can become cheapest
    fuel avail in some areas, in some markets entire
    low grade logs can be more profitably used to
    produce pellets instead of lumber/pulp
    manufacturing. Major producers(Pinnacle Pellet,
    JSC Vyborgskaya cellulose, Enviva, German
    Pellets, Härjedalens Miljöbränsle). Top
    producing counties(US, Canada, Germany, Sweden,
    Latvia, Russia), Large consumers(UK, Italy, US,
    Germany, Sweden), Top importers (UKheavy for
    power generation, Italy, Denmark), Roughly
    50-50type breakdown use for residential heat vs
    industrial(ash yielding bark contained etc).
    Latter volume might fluctuate rapidly by
    electrical generation pellet use policy. -gtgtcont

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
26
New Perspective -Lowest Cost Energy From
Vast Biomass -7, Wood Pellet 2
  • --gtcont 1FOREST RELATED ?1e Pellet

  • Some producers use Steam Explosion for cell
    weakening and densification (also see p90
    Torrefaction , p98,99 Hydrothermal
    carbonization). High combustion lignin
    pellet(50-90 range lignin instead of 30 range
    in regular wood) as Dilute Acid Hydrolysis
    alcohol production leftover(?????? ?????? ??????,
    Lignineko), sometimes from 30millon m3(Russia
    only, other CIS excluded) accumulation of
    hydrolytic lignin landfill dump .
  • ?1f Biomass Briquettes Usually non-industrial
    size production unless part of large
    pulp/peat/lumber/composite wood operation(often
    in Russia) by shredding and compressing when
    stock is dry enough(moisture lt16), some are
    stand alone with 20,000ton/yr scale with other
    biomass(Biocoal co in, KGN Biofuels ), Lignin
    based briquette(?????????? ??????????? ?????,
    Banisa Energy ). System providers(WEIMA
    Maschinenbau, Briquette-Machine, C.F. Nielsen),
    Generally speaking this sector's leader is India,
    where product is called "biocoal" which is
    confusing with torrefied pellets.

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
27
New Perspective -Lowest Cost Energy From Vast
Biomass -8, Wood Ethanol Enzyme Acid Hydrolysis
  • --gtcont 1FOREST RELATED
  • ?1g Forest Residual Cellulosic Ethanol, other
    Fuels There are many combos but main types are
    i -Enzymatic Hydrolysis based, some pretreatments
    include classic sulfuric acid, alkaline to low
    cost Sub/Supercritical water etc(Chempolis, St1
    biofuels, Sekab, Mitsui Zosen - ???, dins?
    ????),(also see Agri left over p111-113)
  • ii-Acid Hydrolysis based, Fundamentally
    different business model compared to all other
    main biofuel technologies. ii -a Sulfuric Ethanol
    is around 100yrs as major byproduct of Sulfite
    Pulping(Borregaard) which is now mostly phased
    out by Kraft Pulp.
  • ii -ß High temperature Dilute Acid Hydrolysis
    Ethanol production(0.2-5 range H2SO4), this
    simple continuation of supposed to be good only
    for pretreatment process is ignored by most of
    modern west(Kirov Ethanol) wood
    boiling/distilling with semi SubCritical water
    element. Its operation mode is rather more like
    some pulp-paper mill like business model(eg
    Rayonier-Tembec Temiscaming) than low value fuel
    making. --gtcont

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
28
Lowest Cost Energy From Biomass 9, Wood
Ethanol Forgotten Russia's Simple Dilute Acid
Hydrolysis
  • --gtcont 1FOREST ?1g Residual Cellulosic
    Ethanol etc ii- ß Dilute Acid Hydrolysis
  • Russia/Soviet had simple large scale uniquely
    structured long term lucrative operations of 2Gen
    ethanol business model but mysterious govnt new
    policies(eg suddenly imposed same high tax as
    alcohol beverage!, or stringent lignin dumping
    big fine while other garbage dumping went
    unprosecuted) to bankrupt most large plants in
    2000s.
  • Low Cost Model of breaking down long chain
    polymer to simple sugars (monosaccharides,
    C5/C6), enabled product ratio adjustable wide
    range of value byproducts(protein /fodder yeast,
    furfural, Xylitol, CO2). and often further value
    added alcohol(Medical Alcohol, Spirits/ Brandy
    Vodka, Holzbranntwein, Whiskey, Synthetic plastic
    or rubber material) reducing low value ethanol
    fuel( ?????????? ??????????? ?????, ??????????
    ????????????? ????? ), or can completely replace
    ethanol by making value add product(??????????,
    ???????? ??????-???????????? ??????????? ).
  • Feedstock is frequently mix of whole wood, wood
    residual, non edible portion of agri crop,
    industrial food processing left over etc. and
    seasonably variable. --gtgtcont

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
29
Energy From Vast Biomass 10, Wood Ethanol thru Gas
  • --gtcont 1FOREST ?1g Residual Cellulosic
    Ethanol etc ii- ß Dilute Acid Hydrolysis
  • Also Dilute Acid Hydrolysis produces enormous
    amount(20-35 of total production) of unutilized
    wet impure somewhat SubCritical water altered
    lignin, still often discarded accumulated
    30million m3(Russian industrial waste bashing
    Western media mostly ignore just this massive
    lignin dumping ethanol industry - to hide
    economically disruptive CO2 sequestrating Russian
    lignocellulosic fuel business?)
  • iii-Gasification reforming Fischer Tropsch
    can process whole wood fibre including lignin
    (UPM-Kymmene), Lower cost with steam
    gasification ?(Woodland Biofuels), Small scale
    rotary kiln use gasifying(Micro Energy Japan),
    Likely world's first modern 10,000ton/yr level
    biomass feed commercialization in 2013, feedstock
    is mix of wood, plant, trash etc(KaidiHI.com -
    ?????????????).

    iv-Pyroysis based produces electrical power
    heat while generates liquid fuel(BTG Bioliquids -
    Empyro BV, Fotum),
  • Mega "test" facility(Karlsruhe bioliq), Largest
    operator in in this type with international
    locations(Ensyn Technologies). Also see Wet
    Pyrolysis at p98 ?3c Hydrothermal
    Carbonization(HTC). v-Sub/SuperCritical
    water(SCW) element(higher temp than hydrolysis
    (ie Near Critical WaterNCW), Can process whole
    wood fibre including lignin. All SCW related
    tech is marked ? in biomass section) ?(Licella -
    Ignite Energy Resources, Steeper Energy, BTG
    World - BTG Biomass), Steam Thermolysis ?
    ?(Concord Blue), Well known majors participated
    but followed by project cancellation(Catchlight
    EnergyChevron - Weyerhaeuser) too low cost?

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
30
Energy From Vast Biomass 11, Wood Torrefaction
  • --gtcont 1FOREST
  • ?1h Torrefaction Torrefied Pellets/BioCoal
    Lower temp 200-300C range oxygen-less process of
    dry material with final product with 70 of
    original mass with 90 of energy potential
    retained in compressed form increase per volume
    heat capacity, hydrophobic (nonhygroscopic),
    overall lower cost than pellets per energy
    produced as delivered.
  • Also various other benefits(eg easy grinding for
    co-feeding with coal, less abrasion of engine if
    used as coal water slurry fuel than conventional
    coal etc), some bio-binder pretreatment
    palletizing before heat processing generally has
    better quality.
  • Not as economically disruptive as 2nd Gen
    bioethanol due to solid nature. Longer presence
    in Western Europe, particularly in
    Netherlands(Blackwood Technology, Torrcoal),
    Other nations(Arbaflame, Arigna Biofuels,
    Torrec), Euro Major's participation(ANDRITZ,
    AREVA), Largest producers are in US with over
    200,000ton/yr capacity(Zilkha Biomass, New
    Biomass Energy), but generally North America
    operations have newer participation with same
    level production cap. as Europe(Diacarbon, Airex
    Energy, Solvay Biomass), Some claim no indoor
    storage needs for rain(Arbaflame, HM3 Energy),
    non western producers are rare(BioWindbell
    Technology)

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
31
Energy From Vast Biomass 12, Black Liquor(BL)
  • --gtcont 1FOREST RELATED

  • ?1i Pulp mill Black Liquor(BL) enhanced
    utilization BL is by far the largest energy
    source(efficient pulp mills are net power
    generators) and core process medium in chemical
    pulp process that repeatedly gets cleaned
    burned its lignin hemi cellulose(cellulose
    extraction left over) as pulpmill's energy source
    during operation. But as mill efficiency
    increases, Increasing Lignin vol is more of
    undesired leftover i -High energy Lignin as
    oil for fuel chemical raw material(Lignol-RenFu
    el) lab type environment generation, dedicated
    large plant doesn't exist, ii-BL Gasification
    Replace Tomlinson boiler by PulseEnhanced Black
    Liquor Gasification (ThermoChem Recovery
    International), or regular Gasification, other
    ways of more energy recovery, option for biofuel
    etc(Chemrec se, Babcock Wilcox),
  • ?1j Cooking Woodstove in Developing Nations,
    40-60 range of their wood use saving compared to
    conventional 3rd world stove with significant
    positive health effect by removing most of smoke
    done in less than half duration (Mbaula Green,
    RocketWorks, Aprovecho), Some are geared for
    larger kitchen cooking stoves(EnviroFit), or
    advanced nation's recreational market focus -
    saves 80-90 fuel compared to open fire cooking
    removes most of fumes(StoveTec, Ecozoom,
    SilverFire Rocket)

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
32
New Perspective -Lowest Cost Energy From
Vast Biomass 13, Agri Cellulosic Ethanol
  • 2 AGRICULTURAL Cellulosic Ethanol from non
    food crop plant(advanced ethanol, 2nd generation
    biofuel etc) Sociopolitically larger
    ramification than forestry feedstock biofuel.
    This has been commercialized many times prior but
    frequent untimely events from losing money, to
    suddenly financial backers withdraw, or projects
    halt with no clear reason given etc, all in
    addition to technical/operational/raw material
    difficulties. Soviet/Russia operates for regional
    supply since 1930s(ignored by west, reduced vol
    now).
  • Majority of techs are actually higher cost than
    existing fuel, but a few are lowest cost in some
    situations, or depended on feed stock cost
    calculations.
  • Finally after 2014, some consistent operations
    have been established outside of CIS/Russia,
    while many are still on pilot production by using
    3rd party system(without own facilities, not
    listed here) tech use is redundant with prior
    listed "1g Forest Residual".
    -gtgt cont

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
33
Energy From Vast Biomass 14, Agri Cellulosic
Ethanol
  • --gtgt cont 2 AGRICULTURAL NON CROP PLANT
    PORTION Cellulosic Ethanol

  • ?2a Enzymatic Hydrolysis Far less fuel recovery
    slow, cannot digest lignin etc compared to
    other processes. Challenge includes different
    saccharification speed(of digesting
    polysaccharides Hemi-Cellulose heavier to C5
    sugar glucose, Cellulose to C6 xylose).
    Lignin(Aromatic Polymer) can be sold as nonfuel
    value raw material(eg for Vanillin, Glycol) but
    too much volume? Maybe competitive as aromatic
    compound material?
  • i -Introductory type Cellulosic Ethanol by
    "bolted on" to existing food stock ethanol plant
    corn kernel fibre processing to increase extra
    5-10 of ethanol production(Cellerate-Syngenta,
    Edeniq ), only 3rd party line production but
    claims lt 1/gallon(lt 0.265/litre) (GeoSynFuels),
    ii-Regular stand alone type Ethanol production,
    some use catalytic pretreatment (Clariant,
    Inbicon, Iogen ca, Zeachem, American Process,
    Bioflex - GranBio, Beta Renewables, Abengoa
    Bioenergy), Largest 2nd generation bio ethanol
    operation as of 2016(Dupont), Largest overall bio
    ethanol maker participates (POET llc), Starting
    outside of Europe/North America(Raizen, Henan
    Tianguan, Shandong Longlive), Rare SuperCritical
    water(SCW) pretreatment tech provider?(Renmatix).
    -gtgtcont

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
34
Lowest Cost Energy From Vast Biomass 15, Agri
Cellulosic Ethanol Dilute Acid Hydrolysis etc
  • --gtgt cont 2 AGRICULTURAL

  • ?2b Dilute Acid Hydrolysis Fundamentally
    different business model from other
    lignocellulosic biofuel operations Used in
    Soviet/Russia since 1930s with production
    adjustable high value byproducts and option of
    value added alcohol instead of fuel ethanol. Low
    key local production(??????????? ???????????
    ????? ), rare exporting company(Fargona Kimyo
    Zavodi ), (also see p106-108 for wood ethanol),
  • ?2c Gasification Steam Reform or/
    Fischer-Tropsch (Ineos), some methods produce
    liquid fuel 3-4times more than above Enzyme
    method per given stock, orders of magnitude
    faster processing by direct synthesis with metal
    catalyst(Sekisui Chemical, Mitsui Zosen), same
    efficiency with many Sub/SCW methods. Very minor
    utilization eg Superheated steam?(Sundrop
    Fuels).

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
35
New Perspective -Lowest Cost Energy From
Vast Biomass 16, Waste to Energy AD/Biogas
  • 3 MUNICIPAL WASTE (MSW), Liquid Waste,
    INDUSTRIAL WASTE, AGRICULTURAL ANIMAL WASTE (this
    presentation treats animal fat/cooking oil as
    part of existing fuel it is not discussed),
    also cross over with wood
  • ?3a Anaerobic Digestion(AD) - to produce
    Biogas/Methane by bacteria consuming waste. Also
    note at least some of microorganisms are
    electrically active(mainstream science accepted
    idea Geobacter etc) and produce also anomalous
    field with various antioxident electrical
    effects(rejected idea).Completely mainstream tech
    and widely used as default process in many
    nations/sectors to produce "free" energy while
    infrequently used in others.
  • i -Sophisticated large sized Bio methane
    production(engine feedable), to Electrical
    generation systems with various scales Largest
    types(STRABAG Umweltanlagen, Axpo Kompogas), Mid
    to large size installation (OWS nv, EnviTec
    Biogas, BTA international, PlanET-Biogas, IES
    BIOGAS, BTS Biogas, Xergi ), Smaller
    types(WELTEC BIOPOWER, ENSPAR Biogas, Schmack
    Biogas, CH Four Biogas), Focused on upgrading
    biogas systems(Malmberg Gruppen), Specialized
    for biogas engine(SCHNELL Motoren ) -gtcont

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
36
New Perspective -Lowest Cost Energy From
Vast Biomass 17, Biogas
  • --gtgt cont 3 MAINLY NONWOOD WASTE ?3a Anaerobic
    Digestion(AD) i Biomethane


    Many installations operate like farming
    coop, for this type of sophisticated system
    Germany has highest installation(10,000units)
    most power generation per capita followed by
    rest of Europe(UK, Luxembourg, Switzerland,
    Austria, Denmark, Czech, Sweden etc), Less extent
    in North America, or rest of world, UK strength
    is also in sewage biogas Landfill Gas,


  • ii -Less sophisticated mini to small sized type
    has long been actively offered, particularly in
    India/Bangladesh area(Biotech India, Beta Pak
    Biogas, Puxintech), Also significant
    family/housing based DIY type system in some
    nations around the world(eg Deenbandhu units in
    India 4million, Ban qu?n lý D? án Khí sinh h?c
    installed 0.1million in Vietnam etc), Energy
    security conscious China's national policy
    installed DIY type system in rural community at
    least 40million units(though fair portion of them
    might be in dormant or high downtime state).



    Professionally made home based system
    sold(HomeBiogas, Bsustain, Vivesty ), also
    septic tank replacement or converter
    types(BiogasPro Agama), Not AD but fancy ethanol
    production type home unit operates with very
    limited feedstock(Micro Fueler), --gtgtcont

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
37
Energy From Vast Biomass 18, Waste Water by AD
  • --gtgt cont 3 MAINLY NONWOOD WASTE ?3a Anaerobic
    Digestion(AD)
  • iii-WasteWater processing by Anaerobic Digestion
    Biogas from sludge processing, usually with
    various pretreatments including hydrolysis,
    alkaline etc, Some largest scale is like 100,000
    ton/yr level(Cambi, Veolia Exelys/Biothelys),
    Others(Hager Elsaesser, WABAG, ADI systems inc,
    Terax nz, Jeongbong kr, Hydroitalia - Colsen,
    Eliquo BV, Paques nl, Anaergia).
  • Methanogenic Electrogenic microbe based methane
    electricity generating waste water cleaning
    system(Cambrian Innovation works for
    fermentation residue type wastewater), or wider
    range process capability Electrogenic Bio
    Reactor(Emefcy) Microbial fuel cell mechanics.
    Note highly effective low cost cell wall
    destruction/cell lysis(in a way similar degree to
    SCW) by electroporation/electric pulse is often
    left out from mainstream discussion of enhanced
    biofuel recovery from wet sludge(Vogelsang,
    OpenCEL Trojan). Microbubble/Nanobubble CO2
    infusion might increase gas productivity up to
    2wice as conventional method(Perlemax). Also
    see p108 Wet Air Oxidation.
  • ?3b Plastic to Oil After recycling, still about
    130million tons/yr disposed world total, a
    fraction of which(but rapidly increasing) is made
    into fuel. Even if 90 of all plastic is
    converted with 70 efficiency recovery to fuel
    (PVCPolyvinyl chloride PETPolyethylene
    terephthalate is 30-40 range recovery even rest
    of plastic can be 90), it would make up
    negligible 1-1.5 of world oil consumption.
    --gtgtcontinued

linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben
Rusuisiak Specialty Cleantech Analysis,
Vancouver, Canada
38
Energy From Vast Biomass 19, Plastic to Oil
Pyrolysis
  • --gtgt cont 3 MAINLY NONWOOD WASTE ?3b
    Plastic to Oil
  • But substantial benefit to the plastic to fuel
    converting operation or community that owns it,
    generally unreported in west but active operation
    world wide, more in oil shortage China and India
    etc, than in west.

  • Large Western mainstream corporations so far
    infrequently involved and even when do, they
    often avoid direct involvement work through
    subsidiaries or as joint venture.
  • i -Pyrolysis Oxygen deprived heating causes
    generation of liquid fuel, gas, and char. Most
    system can only take selective plastic(usually no
    PET PVC), some can recover fuel with all types
    of plastic but most of cases oil quality suffers
    beyond 3-5 range PET/PVC and emit toxic fume,
    corrode or clog process line. Many system can
    only produce "crude oil", and need further
    processing to use as gasoline or diesel
    replacement. Some system has adjustment to
    change recovery ratio of oil vs char when
    focused to generate fuel, tires are generally
    weightwise 30-40 recovery to fuel, plastics are
    60-90 level.
  • It can be adjusted to have lower fuel produced
    with higher char/carbon recovery(agriculture etc
    use). All infeed material needs to be shredded.


linkedin.com/in/newnaturep
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com