Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip

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THREE PHASE FAULT ANALYSIS WITH AUTO RESET ON
TEMPORARY FAULT AND PERMANENT TRIP OTHERWISE

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise

• Introduction
• The project is designed to develop automatic
  mechanism off for a three-phase project
  automatically resets the result after a short
  break, in a temporary fault events as it remains
  capable of switching off in the event of
  permanent failure.
• Three single phase transformers are wired in star
  input and star output having input 220 volt and
  output at 12 volt.

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise

• The contact relays which are used energized from
  the output of comparators in the event of fault
  conditions by tracking the input voltage
  conditions for each phase at the input of the
  comparators.
• Two 555 timers are used, one in monostable and
  the other in astable mode to drive a power relay
  that handles the load.
• A Set of switches are used to introduce LL fault,
  LG fault ,3L short to get the comparator output
  to drive both the relays to disconnect the load.
  
• Short duration fault returns the load immediately
  while long duration shall result in permanent
  trip.

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise
Overview

• INTRODUCTION
• BLOCK DIAGRAM
• TRANSMISSION LINE FAULTS
• COMPARATOR
• 555 TIMER
• RELAY
• WORKING OF THE PROJECT
• ADVANTAGES
• APPLICATIONS
• CONCLUSION

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise
Block Diagram

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise
Transmission line Faults

• Fault types include
• Single line to ground(LG)
• Line to line(LL)
• Double line to ground(LLG)
• Three phase balanced

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise
Comparator

• Op amps comparators look very similar
• But a comparator gives a logic output indicating
  the relative potentials on its two inputs
• An op amp amplifies the differential voltage
  between its two inputs and is designed always
  to be used in closed-loop applications

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise

• Potential dividers are connected to the inverting
  and non inverting inputs of the op-amp to give
  some voltage at these terminals.
• Supply voltage is given to v and v is connected
  to ground.
• The output of this comparator will be logic high
  (i.e. Supply voltage) if the non-inverting
  terminal input is greater than the inverting
  terminal input of the comparator.
• If the inverting terminal input is greater than
  the non-inverting terminal input then the output
  of the comparator will be logic low (i.e. Gnd).

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise
555 Timer

• The 555 Timer IC is an integrated circuit (chip)
  implementing a variety of timer and multivibrator
  applications.
• The original name was the SE555 (metal can)/NE555
  (plastic DIP) and the part was described as "The
  IC Time Machine".
• Depending on the manufacturer, the standard 555
  package includes over 20 transistors, 2 diodes
  and 15 resistors on a silicon chip installed in
  an 8-pin mini dual-in-line package (DIP-8)

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise

• PIN DIAGRAM OF 555
• The 555 timer IC is a simple 8 pin DIL package
  IC.
• It can
• be used as a monostable
• be used as an astable
• source or sink 100mA
• use supply voltages of 5v to 15v
• disrupt the power supply - use a
• decoupling capacitor!

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise
Relay

• It is a electro magnetic switch
• Used to control the electrical devices
• Copper core magnetic flux plays main role here

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise

• Working
• In this project two 555 timers are used 1 in
  monostable mode and other in astable mode.
• When any push button is pressed for a short time
  the load is disconnected only for that period
  indicating a temporary fault.
• If the push button is pressed for longer time
  then the astable timer s activated and it causes
  a permanent fault and disconnects the load
  permanently.

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise
Advantages

• Safety Equipment
• Work Complete Time to Time
• More Efficiency
• Reduce Losses
• More Reliable

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise

• Applications
• Substation
• Transformer
• Drives Relay
• Transmission Line

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Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise
Conclusion

• The concept in the future can be extended to
  developing a mechanism to send message to the
  authorities via SMS by interfacing a GSM modem.
• Three Phase Fault Analysis With Auto Reset On
  Temporary Fault And Permanent Trip Otherwise is
  very useful to Engineering students.

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