Asian Science and Technology Development

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Asian Science and Technology Development

• Dr. Brett Pokines
• AOARD
• Air Force Office of Scientific Research

Distribution A Approved for public release
distribution is unlimited. Case number 06-213
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AF Technology Development
NINE TECHNOLOGY DIRECTORATES
AIR FORCE RESEARCH LABORATORY
AIR FORCE OFFICE OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
AOARD DETACHMENT 2 (TOKYO)
EOARD DETACHMENT 1 (LONDON)
THREE TECHNICAL DIRECTORATES
INTERNATIONAL OFFICE
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AOARD OVERVIEW

• AFOSR Det. 2 established in 1992
• 6.1 Funded
• Collocated with Army International Technology
  Center-Pacific and Office of Naval
  Research-Global

• AOARD Programs
• Conference Support (CSP) Fund conferences and
  workshops in Asia
• Window-On-Science (WOS) Invite Asian scientists
  to USAF Laboratories/Centers
• Research Contracts (RD) Fund small (normally)
  one-year proposals in response to AFOSR BAA

AOARD, 2006

• AOARD Staff
• AOARD Director 1
• Program Managers 61
• Japanese Scientist 1
• Administrative Staff 61
• Contracting Officer 1

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AOARD PERSONNEL

• Program Managers
• Dr. Ken Goretta Director, Human Perf. Life
  Science
• Lt Col David Sonntag Deputy Director, Biology
  (July 2006)
• Lt Col William Nace Technical Director,
  Computer Engineering
• Dr. Tae-Woo Park Mathematics
• Dr. Misoon Mah Physics, Optoelectronics
• Dr. Chine (Jim) Chang Aerospace
• Dr. Jitendra Singh Materials Science
• Dr. Brett Pokines Nano and Micro Systems
• Scientific Advisors
• Dr. Takao Miyazaki (MLC) Electronics Physics
• Dr. Hiroshi Motoda (MLC) Computer Science
• Dr. Edward Feigenbaum Computer Science AI
• Dr. Alex Glass (IPA, 1/4 time) Lasers
  Photonics
• Col. John Brewer (USAFR) Bio-technology RFR
  Bio-effects

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WINDOW-ON-SCIENCE (WOS)

• AOARD invites prominent Asian Scientists to USAF
  Labs/Centers
• Visitor provides a seminar and engages in
  technical discussions
• with USAF STs
• Official travel expenses are paid by AOARD
• Short-term visits to one or more locations
• Foreign military and civilian government
  employees may not be
• eligible, unless they are academicians
• AOARD sends out Base Clearance Data -- FDO
  Hosting POC
• Lead time At least 60 days before travel start
  date

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CONFERENCE SUPPORT (CSP)

• AOARD funds workshops and conferences in Asia to
  promote
• scientific interactions
• We provide financial support to Asian conference
  organizers
• AOARD sponsorship must be separate from
  corporate sponsorship
• The support may be for a stand-alone workshop or
  for an
• individual session within a large conference
• Lead time As early as possible

AOARD, 2006
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R D CONTRACTS (RD)

• AOARD funds small research proposals submitted
  in response to
• AFOSR Broad Area Announcement (BAA) and USAF
  interests
• USAF STs evaluate the proposals
• The Proposers Guide is on the AFOSR web page
• through AOARD web page http//www.tokyo.afosr.
  af.mil
• Follow-on contracts must be cost-shared by other
  USAF organization
• AOARD administers larger contracts on behalf of
  AFOSR and AFRL
• Lead time Usually 60-90 days to complete the
  process
• (White paper -gt Proposal -gt Evaluation -gt
  Contract)

AOARD, 2006
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CRITERIA FOR PROJECT SELECTION

• Basic research Discussion of dual use
• Excellence evaluated through peer or
  scientific review processcompetitive basis
  (BAA, p-45)
• Relevance see AFOSR BAA www.afosr.af.mil

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AOARD PROGRAM ACTIVITIES By Country FY-06
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WORLD ST PUBLICATIONS 1996 to 2004
7
3
35
36
8
2
2
3
2
1
Canada Other America
1
Africa Mid East
7
851,764 articles
5
USA
31
Europe
33
28
Japan
8
3
Other Asia
1,094,017 articles
3
5
AUS/NZ
China
2
S. Korea
2
India
1
Taiwan
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WORLD ST INVESTMENT1996 to 2004
Asia Share 1996 26 2004 35
Lyons, Mikami 2005, AOARD
78
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SIGNIFICANT RESULTS

• Taiwan/Korea Nano-Science Initiatives Leveraging
  Asias ?1.5 billion nano-technology investment
• National Central University, Taiwan ROCSAT
  Studying Low-latitude Ionospheric Scintillations
  - Communication/Navigation Outage Forecasting
• Tohoku University, Japan Tackling Hurdles in
  Micro-turbine Research Lunch-box Size 100 Watt
  Power Source, 10 mm Rotor, 1 million RPM bearing
• Univ. of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Gaining
  Access to HyShot Flight Data from Worlds 1st
  in-flight Scramjet Combustor Test (Mach 7.5)
• Cooperative Operation of UAVs Australian Center
  for Field Robotics (ACFR) Multi-Objective
  Control Laws Cooperative Airborne Inertial-SLAM
  

Photo Courtesy of Dr. Allan Paull
Photo courtesy of Dr. Isomura
Photo courtesy of Dr. Sukkarieh
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Nanotech Investment Trends Strategy

• Multifunctional Materials
• Key Geography Korea, Japan, Australia, Taiwan
  (Mil/Ind)
• Working with International colleagues, Center for
  Nanostructured Materials Technology, Korea
• AFOSR/NA (Dr. L. Lee), AFOSR/NL (Dr. C. Lee), ONR
  Coordinated

• Nanodevices gather, store, process, display
  massive information sets for precise effects
• Key Geography Japan, Korea, Singapore, Taiwan,
  Australia (Mil/Ind)
• Working with International colleagues, Genesis
  Research Institute (Toyota)
• Complement AOARDs Dr. T.W. Park IT Fusion, Dr.
  M. Mah Sensors Lt Col T. Erstfelds Chem
  portfolios

• PowerMEMS scaled power generation and energy
  conversion systems
• Key Geography Japan (robots), Singapore (Bio),
  Taiwan, Thailand (resource driven)
• Working with international colleagues, VAST,
  Vietnam
• ARO, ONR, DARPA Coordinated

Sub- Area Trends
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Program Status and Outlook Nanoscience and MEMS
AF Relevance - Examples
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Program Status and Outlook Nanoscience and MEMS
AF ST Excellence - Examples
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(Dr. H. Schlossberg, AFOSR/NE)
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Program Status and Outlook Nanoscience and MEMS
Asian and Pac Rim ST Delivery - Examples
98 Projects AOARD Prospected
CNT by Microwave Fabrication (Dr. K.H. Lee,
POSTEC Dr. M.Y. Chen, AFRL/MLBT)
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Program Context Nanoscience and MEMS
1.5 Billion Per Year Nano Investment
Japan Nanoscience spending USA, 900 million,
FY05
China Nanotech publication rate, ranked 2 in
quantity FY04 (ARO-ITC coordination).
Taiwan Korea gt250 M per year Investment
(Access)
AFOSR Portfolio Overhead Avg. 13
Acquire, transition, and leverage unique
world-class Asian and Pacific Rim nano-
micro-technology relevant to extending AF system
supremacy and affordable operation.
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FY05 Program Snapshot Nanoscience and MEMS
FY05 Total (RD, CSP, WOS) Support Effort By
Country

• FY05 Project POCs AFRL/HE, ML, MN, PR, SN, VA,
  VS
• FY05 53 projects
• FY05 US Govt Coordination ARO, DAO, DARPA,
  DOS, DHS, NSF, ONR, PACOM J4, SAF/IA, TATRC, VEF
• FY05 International Connections DSO, CSIST,
  IMRE, JDF, JST, MOST- Korea, MTEC, NSC-Taiwan,
  VAST

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Nano- Micro-System Life Cycle
CNT Field Emission Particle Sensing
Research Projects Examples
(5 RD)

IT
IT
(4 RD)
!!!
(2 RD)
USAF
?
Electro-Active Cellulose Sensors
(12 RD)
(1 RD)
6.1
NIH
Nanoscale Thin Films
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Mechanical Properties of Nano-Scale Thin Films
and Nanotubes
Research Computationally efficient atomic-scale
model reflecting thin film atomic force
microscope nano-indentation data. Approach
simulates elastic-plastic deformations
potential energy statement principle of minimum
work describes inter-atomic forces, elastic
properties, molecular bond energy lengths to
form FEM simulated with Newton-Raphson. NSF
invite International Workshop on Nanomechanics,
2004. Duel application tissue modeling
-Biotechnology Research Inst. NRC, Canada.
Approach 6.1 investment to analyze design AF
relevant nanodevices.
Dr. Yeau-Ren Jeng, National Chung Cheng
University, Taiwan
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Mechanical Properties of Nano-Scale Thin Films
and Nanotubes
AF Pay-off Approach yields nano-deformations
and related nanotube mechanical insight. -
impacts carbon nanotubes (CNT) neutral atom
sensors (AFOSR RD Dr. L.C. Chen, FLTC 7
Responsive Adaptive Theater Operations), CNT
composites (AFOSR RD Dr. A. Yang, LTC Effective
Aerospace Persistence ), and field electron
devices (AFOSR RD Dr. M. Esashi, LTC Command and
Control).
Bending Mechanical Properties of Single-Walled
Carbon Nanotube under Nanoindentation
Researchers AFRL Dr. R. Dressler, VSBXT,
National Chung Cheng University Taiwan, Dr.
Yeau-Ren Jeng.
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Biodegradable MEMS
Approach 6.1 investment AF relevant
multifunctional material.
Research Pioneering cellulose-based
Electro-Active Paper (EAPap) actuator/sensors in
deployable systems, Green MEMS programmable
disposal cycle.
EAPap
AF Pay-off Approach yields biodegradable
disposable sensors and actuators supporting LTC
Sanctuary.
Researchers Dr. Jaehwan Kim, Inha University,
South Korea, (Dr. L. Lee, AFOSR/NA).
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CNT Field Emission and Particle Sensing
Approach 6.1 investment AF relevant
multifunctional materials.
Si
Research Explore dimensionality effects on
electronic and physical properties of
one-dimensional nanostructures such as carbon
nanotubes, Si nanotips, and Nitride nanowires.
Demonstrated unique integration of novel
one-dimensional nanostructures such as nanotip
arrays with noble metals, such as gold, silver
and platinum for sensor, catalyst and energy
applications on substrates such as Si, GaN, Al,
Cu, sapphire and glass.
Nanotip Array
Dr. Li-Chyong Chen, National Taiwan University,
Taiwan
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CNT Field Emission and Particle Sensing
Investment Impact Metrics
AF Pay-off Miniaturized, low power neutral atom
sensor, for both LEO and magnetosphere
applications for space weather forecasting. FLTC
7 Responsive Adaptive Theater Operations and
Discovery Challenge 15 TacSat Electronics,
Multifunctional Systems and Interfaces.
Researchers AFRL Dr. Yu-Hui Chiu VSBXT, National
Taiwan University Taiwan, Dr. Li-Chyong Chen.
Dr. L.C. Chens other research activities- Nature
Materials 5, 102106 (2006)
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Proton Beam Writing
Goal Development of Proton Beam
Writing. Research Pioneering approach to
nano-scale lithography. Proton higher mass allows
deeper, even dose distribution, and straighter
resist penetration than electrons. ITRS roadmap
addition. AF Pay-off 3-D high aspect ratio,
dense nano-structures.
Dr. H. Schlossberg, AFOSR/NE.
Circles orthogonal lines 60 nm 120 nm width,
written in 10 mm SU-8 (2 MeV protons).
Researchers Drs. van Kan, Bettiol, Osipowicz
Watt, Centre for Ion Beam Applications (CIBA),
Physics Department, Faculty of Science, National
University of Singapore (NUS).
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Low-Temperature Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes
Goal Grow pure CNTs and SWNTs on polymer
substrates. Research Establish chemical
structures processing of CNTs directly
synthesized on polymeric organic materials by
microwave irradiation materials are heated
depending on dielectric constant. AF pay-off
Produce carbon nanotube field emitters on
polymeric substrates, Dr. C. Lee, AFOSR/NL, Dr.
M. Chen, AFRL/MLBT.
Mechanism of CNT synthesis by microwave heating.
Researcher Dr. Kun-Hong Lee, Chemical
Engineering, Pohang University of Science
Technology, Pohang, Korea.
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PowerMEMS

• PowerMEMS Micro Nanotechnology for Power
  Generation Energy Conversion Applications.

• Research support
• High-Speed Gas Bearings for Micro Turbo Machines,
  Tohoku University, Dr. S. Togo, AFRL/MN.
• Self-Assembled Quantum Dots and Their Potential
  in Solar Cells, Chulalongkorn University, Dr. S.
  Panyakeow, AFRL/SN, AFRL/MN.
• High-Efficiency Photovoltaic Devices Containing
  Nanoparticles, Dr. W.F. Su, National Taiwan
  University, AFRL/VS, AFRL/ML.

Tohoku University, Japan
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Recent Upcoming Meetings

• 3rd AFOSR Taiwan Nanoscience Initiative Workshop
  held 09-11 Feb 2006, Hualien, Taiwan (CSP)

• 2nd International Workshop on Proton Beam Writing
  09-14 July 2006, Sentosa Island, Singapore
  (CSP)
• PowerMEMS 2006 29 Nov-01 Dec 2006, Berkeley,
  California (WOS)

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Summary

• Technology development integration enabling AF
  system supremacy and affordable operation
• Asian and Pacific Rim nano- micro-science
  world-class and AF relevant
• AFOSR/AOARD broadens AF technology horizons
  established process identifying, acquiring, and
  delivering unique world-class technology

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AFOSR Nanoscience and MEMS in Asia and the
Pacific Rim
Brett Pokines, PhD Asian Office of Aerospace
Research and Development (AOARD) Detachment 2 of
Air Force Office of Scientific Research
(AFOSR) Unit 45002, APO AP 96337-5002 Tel/Fax
81-3-5410-4409/4407 DSN 315 229-3378 Email
brett.pokines_at_aoard.af.mil