Functional Neuroanatomy

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Functional Neuroanatomy

• Orientation Terminology
• Lobes of the Brain
• Subdivisions of the CNS

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Neuroanatomical Terms

• 3 Planes of Section
• Coronal
• Sagittal
• Horizontal
• Orientation / Direction
• Dorsal / Ventral
• Rostral / Caudal
• Anterior / Posterior
• Superior / Inferior
• Lateral / Medial

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4 Lobes of the Brain
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Major Divisions of the Brain

• Forebrain
• Telencephalon (cortex)
• Diencephalon (thalamus and hypothalamus)
• Midbrain
• Mesencephalon (tectum)
• Hindbrain
• Metencephalon (cerebellum and pons)
• Myelencephalon (medulla)

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Major Sulci and Gyri

• Pre-central Gyrus
• Motor cortex
• Central Sulcus
• Post-central Gyrus
• Somatosensory cortex
• Sylvian Fissure
• Sagittal Sulcus (Fissure)

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Basal Ganglia

• Lentiform Nucleus
• Putamen
• Globus Pallidus
• Caudate Nucleus

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Limbic System
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Spinal Cord

• 3 Components
• Cranial Nerves
• Spinal Nerves
• Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
• 12 Pairs of Cranial Nerves

• PNS
• ANS
• Sympathetic (action)
• Parasympathetic (relaxation)
• Somatic (motor sensory nerves)

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Spinal Cord

• 31 Pairs of Spinal Nerves
• Cervical (C1-8)
• Thoracic (T1-12)
• Lumbar (L1-5)
• Sacral (S1-5)
• (Coccygeal C1)

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Ventricular System
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Meninges
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Imaging Techniques

• Computerized Tomography
• 
  brain
• structure
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• Positron Emission Tomography
• fMRI

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Take Home Message

• Gross Brain Anatomy
• 4 Lobes / 3 Subdivisions
• Sub-cortical structures (basal ganglia, limbic
  system)
• Arterial supply
• Spinal Cord
• ANS
• Cranial and spinal nerves