Dr. Janice Swab, a world-traveling evolutionary biologist will be speaking!

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WALKER BIOLOGY CLUB MEETING GUEST SPEAKER!!

• Dr. Janice Swab, a world-traveling evolutionary
  biologist will be speaking!
• Come hear about Following Darwin and not
  following Darwin in the Southern Hemisphere!
• January 23, 2008
• 500 p.m. in Room 210

Pizza Drinks Provided!
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Announcements

• Begin literature search!
• Locate a minimum of 1 review article 2 peer
  reviewed research articles.
• Type out a reference list have a copy of the
  papers turned in by Feb 4!
• Worth a 10 pt quiz grade.

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Characteristics of Adaptive Immunity

• Antigenic specificity.
• Diversity- can recognize gt billion different
  antigens.
• Specificity Response increases improves as it
  is being mounted.
• Immunological Memory
• Self vs nonself recognition.

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Specificity is achieved by Ig the TCR.
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The diversity of the Ig TCR is generated by
gene rearrangement.

• Functional gene composed to two or more gene
  segments joined together.

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B cells stimulated by antigen will have increased
diversity through somatic mutations.

• Provides diversity increases specificity of Ig!

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How does the immune response amplify remain
specific towards a pathogen?

• Early theories
• Friedrich Breinl Felix Haurowitz, 1930s
• Instructional Theory-
• Paul Ehrlich, early 1900s
• Selective theory Cells in the blood express
  side chain receptors that will react with
  infectious agents and inactivate them. Kuby,
  Immunology
• Macfarlane Burnet, 1950s
• Further defined Ehrlichs selective theory into
  the clonal slection theory

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Clonal Selection Theory

• Memory is achieved by the memory cells

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?

• Fig. 1.15, Janeway (p. 16) The 4 basic
  principles of the clonal selection theory.

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How does the immune system prevent recognition of
self?

• Tolerance
• occurs in the primary lymphoid tissue by
  positive negative selection of lymphocytes.
• Clonal Deletion
• Anergy

Not shown
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Apoptosis

• Protease (caspases) are activated.
• DNA degradation.
• Nuclear membrane integrity compromised.
• Organelle/cell shrinking.
• Blebbing

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Kuby, Immunology

• Apoptotic lymphocyte

• Healthy lymphocyte

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How do B cells T cells recognize bind to
antigen?
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Antigen must be presented to T-cells.
APC
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Antigen Presentation to T- cells

• MHC class II
• Expressed on Professional Antigen Presenting
  Cells (APCs)
• Mf
• DC
• B cells
• Other cells types can be induced to express MHC
  II.

• MHC class I
• Expressed on all nucleated cells.

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alpha
alpha
beta
B-2 microglobulin

• Antigen must be processed to be displayed on MHC.

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The Endogenous Pathway

• MHC class I
• Endogenous Ag
• derived from pathogens that multiply
  intracellularly.

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Exogenous Pathway

• MHC class II
• Exogenous antigen
• derived from pathogens that multiply outside of
  host cells or inside the phagolysosome.