Whats in a name

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Whats in a name?

• When two people use different names for the same
  thing, misunderstood words are apt to happen.
  The British and Americans often get confused.

2
Find the bonnet.
Find the boot.
3
Which is the chemist and which is the pharmacist?
4
Where's the dummy?
5
Which is plaster and which is a band-aid?
6
Kerosene vs. Paraffin
7
Nomenclature

• A System of Naming Compounds
• Compounds are two or more atoms of different
  elements bonded together.
• Even though the gases O2, N2, F2, and Cl2 travel
  in pairs, their names are simply oxygen,
  nitrogen, fluorine, and chlorine.

8

• METALS vs. Non-METALS

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NOMENCLATURE
NON-METAL
COMPOUNDS
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Toxic Gases
F2 Cl2 (Fluorine chlorine gas) HF(g) Hydrogen
Fluoride HCl(g) Hydrogen Chloride H2S Dihydrogen
Sulfide HCN Hydrogen cyanide NO - NO2- NO3 -
N2O Cl2O dichlorine monoxide NH3 Ammonia PCl3
Phosphorus trichloride
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"GENEROUS"
NON-METALS
METALS
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WITH 2 ELEMENTS
BINARY
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Theory

• Compounds are composed of two or more elements
  chemically combined. An alternative way to
  describe a compound is that they contain two or
  more different kinds of atoms. Binary compounds
  contain only two types of atoms. The names of
  all binary compounds always end in -ide. If a
  binary compound contain two different
  non-metallic elements, then prefixes are used to
  indicate the number of atoms. The stock system
  is used to name binary compounds that contain a
  metal and a non-metal. The next lesson will deal
  with the stock system.

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In order to be effective in using prefixes to
name compounds containing two non-metals, these
prefixes must be committed to memory

• mono- 1 hepta- 7
• di- 2 octa- 8
• tri- 3 nona- 9
• tetra- 4 deca- 10
• penta- 5 undeca- 11
• hexa- 6 dodeca- 12

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• When naming compounds using prefixes
• remember the formulas are written just like
  the names and the names just like the formulas.
  The only difference is that the prefixes in the
  name are written as subscripts in the formula.
  Also remember that when there is only one of the
  first atom a prefix is not used.

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Example 1-Names to Formulas
Im a Binary Compound

• Sulfur trioxide

1. Write symbols of elements
S
O
1
3
2. Write number of atoms
If no prefix, then 1 is implied and not written
Final Formula
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Example 2-Names to Formulas
Im a Binary Compound

• dichlorine heptaoxide

1. Write symbols of elements
Cl
O
2
7
2. Write number of atoms
Final Formula
18
Example 3-Names to Formulas
Im a Binary Compound

• oxygen difluoride

1. Write symbols of elements
O
F
1
2
2. Write number of atoms
If no prefix, then 1 is implied and not written
Final Formula
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Example 4-Names to Formulas
Im a Binary Compound

• dinitrogen tetraoxide

1. Write symbols of elements
N
O
2
4
2. Write number of atoms
Final Formula
20
Example 5-Names to Formulas
Im a Binary Compound

• phosphorus pentachloride

1. Write symbols of elements
P
Cl
5
1
2. Write number of atoms
If no prefix, then 1 is implied and not written
Final Formula
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Example 6-Names to Formulas
Im a Binary Compound

• dinitrogen monoxide

1. Write symbols of elements
N
O
1
2
2. Write number of atoms
If no prefix, then 1 is implied and not written
Final Formula
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Example 7-Names to Formulas
Im a Binary Compound

• carbon monoxide

1. Write symbols of elements
O
C
1
1
2. Write number of atoms
If no prefix, then 1 is implied and not written
Final Formula
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Example 8-Names to Formulas
Im a Binary Compound

• sulfur hexafluoride

1. Write symbols of elements
F
S
1
6
2. Write number of atoms
If no prefix, then 1 is implied and not written
Final Formula
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Example 10-Names to Formulas
Im a Binary Compound

• dinitrogen trisulfide

1. Write symbols of elements
N
S
2
3
2. Write number of atoms
Final Formula
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Examples 1- Formulas to Names
1. Write names of elements
2. Write number of atoms
Im a Binary Compound

• CCl4

carbon
mono
tetra
chlor
ine
ide
If first prefix is mono, it is implied and not
written
Final Name
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Examples 2- Formulas to Names
1. Write names of elements
2. Write number of atoms
Im a Binary Compound

• XeF3

ide
xenon
mono
fluor
ine
tri
If first prefix is mono, it is implied and not
written
Final Name
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Examples 4- Formulas to Names
1. Write names of elements
2. Write number of atoms
Im a Binary Compound

• AsI3

ine
arsenic
mono
tri
iod
ide
If first prefix is mono, it is implied and not
written
Final Name
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Examples 6- Formulas to Names
1. Write names of elements
2. Write number of atoms
Im a Binary Compound

• IF5

fluor
penta
ine
ide
iodine
mono
If first prefix is mono, it is implied and not
written
Final Name
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Examples 8- Formulas to Names
1. Write names of elements
2. Write number of atoms
Im a Binary Compound

• N2S5

nitrogen
di
sulf
penta
ur
ide
Final Name
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Examples 9- Formulas to Names
1. Write names of elements
2. Write number of atoms
Im a Binary Compound

• SiCl4

chlor
ide
tetra
ine
silicon
mono
If first prefix is mono, it is implied and not
written
Final Name
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Practice Problem 1

• ClF3

Choose the correct name for the compound
1. carbon iodine trifluoride
No, "Cl" is not carbon iodine, see element list
2. chlorine trifluorine
No, all binary compounds end with "ide"
3. chlorine trifluoride
Very good, click arrow to continue
4. chlorine tetrafluoride
No, you need to review prefixes
5. none of the above
No, there is a correct answer
next problem
Prefixes
Element List
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Practice Problem 2

• arsenic pentabromide

Choose the correct formula for the compound
1. AsBr5
Very good, click arrow to continue
2. ArBr5
No, "Ar" is not correct, see element list
3. AsBr7
No, you need to review prefixes
No, the subscript is with the wrong element
4. As5Br
No, there is a correct answer
5. none of the above
next problem
Prefixes
Element List
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Practice Problem 3

• N2O3

Choose the correct name for the compound
1. nitrogen trioxide
No, you need to use more prefixes
2. dinitride trioxide
No, only the last element ends with "ide"
3. dinitrogen trioxygen
No, all binary compounds end in "ide"
4. dinitrogen trioxide
Very good, click arrow to continue
5. none of the above
No, there is a correct answer
next problem
Prefixes
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Practice Problem 6

• dichlorine monoxide

Choose the correct formula for the compound
1. ClO
No, you don't have any subscripts
2. Cl2O
Very good, click arrow to continue
3. ClO2
No, you have the wrong subscripts
No, you have the wrong subscripts
4. Cl2O2
No, there is a correct answer
5. none of the above
next problem
Prefixes
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Practice Problem 8

• Tetraphosphorus decaoxide

Choose the correct formula for the compound
1. P4O10
Very good, click arrow to continue
2. P6O10
No, you have the wrong subscripts
3. 4PO10
No, this says that there are 4 molecules
No, you have the wrong subscripts
4. P2O5
No, there is a correct answer
5. none of the above
next problem
Prefixes
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Practice Problem 11

• NO

Choose the correct name for the compound
1. mononitrogen monoxide
No, "mono" is used only for the last element
2. nitrogen monoxygen
No, all binary compounds end in "ide"
3. mononitrogen oxide
No, "mono" is used only for the last element
4. nitride monoxide
No, only the last element ends in "ide"
5. none of the above
Very good, click arrow to continue
next problem
This is nitrogen monoxide
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Practice Problem 16

• silicon tetrabromide

Choose the correct formula for the compound
1. SBr4
No, "S" is not correct, see element list
2. ScBr4
No, "Sc" is not correct, see element list
3. SiB4
No, "B" is not correct, see element list
4. SiBr6
No, you need to review prefixes
5. none of the above
Very good, click the arrow to continue
next problem
Prefixes
Element List
The correct formula is SiBr4
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Practice Problem 17

• S4N4

Choose the correct name for the compound
1 tetrasulfur tetranitride
Very good, click arrow to continue
2. tetrasulfur nitride
No, the "nitride" needs a prefix
3. trisulfur trinitride
No, you need to review prefixes
4. tetrasulfur tetranitrogen
No, all binary compounds end in "ide"
5. none of the above
No, there is a correct answer
next problem
Prefixes
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Practice Problem 19

• BF3

Choose the correct name for the compound
1. monoboron trifluoride
No, you do not use "mono" for the first element
2. boron trifluorine
No, all binary compounds end with "ide"
3. boron trifluoride
Very good, click arrow to continue
4. bromine trifluoride
No, "Br" is not correct, see element list
5. none of the above
No, there is a correct answer
Element List
40
Practice Problem 20

• tetraphosphorus decasulfide

Choose the correct formula for the compound
1. P6S9
No, you need to review prefixes
2. P4S9
No, you need to review prefixes
3. P4Si10
No, "Si" is not correct, see element list
4. Ph4S10
No, "Ph" is not correct, see element list
5. none of the above
Very good, click arrow to continue
next problem
The correct formula is P4S10
Prefixes
Element List
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dual properties
H
H
B
Al
Si
As
Ge
Sb
Te
Po
At
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Element List
1 Actinium Ac 2 Aluminum Al 4
Argon Ar 5 Arsenic As 6
Astatine At 7 Barium Ba 9
Beryllium Be 10 Bismuth Bi 12 Boron
B 13 Bromine Br 14 Cadmium
Cd 15 Calcium Ca 17 Carbon C 18
Cerium Ce 19 Cesium Cs 20
Chlorine Cl 21 Chromium Cr 22 Cobalt
Co 23 Copper Cu

• 24 Fluorine F
• Francium Fr
• 24 Gallium Ga
• Germanium Ge
• Gold Au
• Helium He
• Hygrogen H
• Indium In
• Iodine I
• Iridium Ir
• Iron Fe
• Krypton Kr

• Lanthanum La
• Lead Pb
• Lithium Li
• Magnesium Mg
• Manganese Mn
• Mercury Hg
• Molybddenum Mo
• Neon Ne
• Nickel Ni
• Niobium Nb
• Nitrogen N
• Osmium Os
• Oxygen O
• Palladium Pd
• Phosphorus P
• Platinum Pt

• Plutonium Pu
• Polonium Po
• Potassium K
• Radium Ra
• Radon Rn

return
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Prefixes

• mono- 1 hepta- 7
• di- 2 octa- 8
• tri- 3 nona- 9
• tetra- 4 deca- 10
• penta- 5 undeca- 11
• hexa- 6 dodeca- 12

return