ARTHROLOGY THE STUDY OF JOINTS

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ARTHROLOGYTHE STUDY OF JOINTS

• A. INTRODUCTION - joints have a joint capsule,
  with tendons and ligaments outside. There are
  three major types of joints
• 1) Fibrous (immovable)
• 2) Cartilaginous (slightly moveable)
• 3) Synovial (freely movable)

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• B. FIBROUS JOINTS
• 1) Fibrous connective tissue between the
  bones.
• 2) No joint capsule.
• 3) Immovable
• a) sutures of the skull
• b) distal end of tibia and fibula

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• C. CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS
• 1) Hyaline and/or fibrocartilage between
  the bones.
• 2) No joint capsule.
• 3) Slightly movable (cartilage is
  compressable)
• a) pubic symphysis
• b) intervertebral discs

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• D. SYNOVIAL JOINTS
• 1) Joint cavity with synovial fluid
  (produced by synovial membrane), hyaline
  cartilage at bone ends, freely movable.

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• 2) Types of movements
• a) flexion- extension
• b) abduction- adduction
• c) supination- pronation
• d) circumduction
• e) rotation
• f) inversion- eversion
• g) elevation- depression
• h) protraction - retraction

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• 3) Types of synovial joints
• a) ball and socket
• b) hinge
• c) pivot
• d) condyloid (ovoid)
• e) gliding
• f) saddle

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• E. DISORDERS
• 1) Sprains
• 2) Bursitis
• 3) Arthritis

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FIBROUS JOINTS
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CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS
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SYNOVIAL JOINT
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PIVOT JOINT
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SADDLE JOINT
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GLIDING JOINT
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CONDYLOID JOINT
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HINGE JOINT
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BALL AND SOCKET
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