Transboundary water cooperation on Talas and Chu rivers Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Gulnar Daniyarova, Dem

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Transboundary water cooperation on Talas and Chu
rivers (Kazakhstan - Kyrgyzstan)Gulnar
Daniyarova, Demessin Nurmaganbetov
Varska, Estonia August 21-26, 2006
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Characteristics of the region 1Geographical
description

• The basins of Chu and Talas rivers are delimited
  by the northern part of the Tian-Shan mountain
  system and the eastern edge of the vast Turan
  lowland
• Total length of the rivers Chu 1186km, Talas
  661km
• Total area of the basins Chu 62.5sq.km, Talas
  52.7sq.km.

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Characteristics of the region 2 Map of the
Chu-Talas region
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Characteristics of the region 3Hydrological
aspects

• Water resources of the Talas (aver.annual flow is
  1.6 cub.m/year) and Chu (6.6 cub.m/year) rivers
  are one of the most important factors enabling
  sustainable social and economic development and
  ecological balance in the territories of both
  basins.
• The area of arable land on the Chu-Talas region
  Kazakhstan 207 thousand hectares, Kyrgyzstan
  581 thousand hectares.

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Characteristics of the region 4Social and
economical aspects

• The population in the region is 1.425.000, incl.
  Kyrgyzstan 810.000, Kazakhstan 615.000
• The joint use of water resources of the Chu and
  Talas rivers is traditionally the subject of
  intergovernmental cooperation of Kazakhstan and
  Kyrgyzstan
• Agriculture is the dominatic sector in the basins
  (mainly crop production/plant cultivation)
• Industry is dominated by mining and processing of
  agriculture products

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Characteristics of the region
4Water-management structure
Joint Intergovernmevtal Commission
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Characteristics of the region 5Public
participation in the water-management structure

• WUA in Kazakhstan 68, in Kyrgyzstan 140
• In Kazakh legislation there is term Basin
  Council

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In January of 2000 year an Agreement was signed
between Kyrgyz Republic and Republic of
Kazakhstan Governments on the Use of Water
Management Facilities of Intergovernmental Status
on the Rivers Chui and Talas.
Water Management facilities of interstate usage
on the Chui-Talas Rivers dams, water reservoirs
and canals are situated on the territory of
Kyrgyzstan. According to the Agreement,
Kyrgyzstan has the right to compensation from
Kazakhstan For part of the costs to ensure safe
and reliable operation of water facilities.
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Water Management Facilities of Intergovernmental
Status that were included in the Agreement of
2000 year, as objects of joint use, which are
financed by both countries
West and East Big Chui Channels
Chumish Hydrosystem
By-pass Chui Channels
Kirovskoye Reservoir
Orto-Tokoyskoe Reservoir
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Creation of Joint Commission

• OSCE project Support for the creation of a
  transboundary water commission on the Chu and
  Talas rivers between Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan
  (since 2003)
• Partners Ministries, NGO CTC

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Organizational structure of a Commission
Committee on Water Resources Kazakhstan
Water Resource Management Department Kyrgyzstan
Joint Secretariat
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From the beginning of 2005 year, the realization
of the Asian Development Bank project Improved
Management of Shared Water Resources in Central
Asia is begun. One of main parts of this
project is directed on perfection of the
mechanism of transboundary water resources
management on pilot basis providing that given
mechanism after its approbation could serve as an
example for all region
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The project is supported by functioning
Secretariat of the Commission The main
activities of the Secretariat are preparation of
Joint Commission meetings, administrative and
organizational issues, including coordinating
functions. The Secretariat coordinates of
working subgroups activities, discusses and
presents the results of their works at the
Commission Sessions. The Secretariat will also
coordinate future assistance projects financing
by donors
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To the present time there are spend18 sessions
of Joint Secretary With the purposes of
Commission activities expert support, there were
generated 4 working groups supervised by
Secretary.

• December 22, 2005 was held extended session of
  Secretariat in Taraz, with participation of
• Commission chairmen,
• Managers from ADB Representation in Uzbekistan,
• Stakeholders
• On this session were approved and authorized of
  the Secretariat Report, Commission
  Recommendations and Working Plan for 2006-2010
  years.

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Organizational structure of Joint Secretariat
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Working group A. Legal and institutional issues

• Main tasks and functions of joint basins
  commissions are determined.
• Comparative analysis of the water legislation in
  Republic of Kazakhstan and in Kyrgyz Republic is
  executed.
• The features of bilateral cooperation between
  Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan on usage and protection
  of water resources in the basins of the
  Chui-Talas rivers are determined analysis of
  legal norms of Parties are made, concerning water
  economy and water resources management and
  organizational forms of water economy management.
  
• The questions of Interstate water resources
  allocation in basins of the Chui-Talas rivers,
  questions of their rational usage are worked
  over, in view of protection of water quality.

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Working group B.Water resources allocation

• The development of the program modules realizing
  listed additional functions of a program complex,
  developed for Talas basin is carried out.
• The completion of program instruction complex
  maintenance is carried out with the purpose to
  display additional opportunities for users work
• The install compact disc with new version of
  software and modified maintenance instruction is
  prepared.
• Formation circuits and account of water
  resources, distribution of water in the Chui
  river are prepared

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Working group C. Hydro technical works and
facility reconstructions

• The measures on account means of water
  improvement on water facilities in basins of the
  Chui-Talas rivers, are determined.
• The characteristic of irrigational systems,
  equipping by water-meter facilities is
  established. Conditions of measurements work,
  equipment level of irrigational systems by
  water-meter facilities are characterized.
• The description of rehabilitation measures on
  hydromechanical equipment in Head intake
  structure (Eastern Bolshoy Chu Channel) and
  further actions on operation of structure is
  executed.
• The performance of joint operational and
  restoration activities on interstate objects in
  2005 and direction of works for 2006 are
  described
• Operational personnel substantiation and
  accounts, provisional staff timetable of
  interstate objects management are executed

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Working group D.Economy, environmental issues,
monitoring, data exchange

• The Program of transboundary monitoring with
  the appendix of costs on its realization is
  offered.
• The description of water quality and main sources
  of superficial waters pollution in basins of the
  Chui-Talas rivers condition of superficial
  waters quality monitoring of transboundary
  waters (monitoring posts, quantity and
  arrangement) main factors of deterioration of
  superficial waters quality strategy of reduction
  of superficial waters pollution.
• List of rehabilitating hydroposts.
• The breadboard model of the updated Site of a
  Commission www.talaschu.org is created and the
  work on replacing this site on Kazakhstani
  server is conducted
• The work on creation of information network
  uniting basins managements, objects and
  facilities of interstate usage proceeds.

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ATTENTION! ADBs proposals for developing
Secretariat activities Further concentration of
attention and reorientation of working groups
efforts on the following complexes of materials

• Operational Manual (Directory) on mechanism of
  Commission's work, including functions and
  responsibilities of the parties - for
  distribution among managers of interstate objects
  etc. organizations, by necessity.  
• Brief overview of two water basins before the
  creation of Commission - with the purposes of
  comparison situation from beginning of work of a
  Commission, i.e. for estimation of Commission
  efficiency.
• Plan for joint financing for maintenance costs
  for the principal facilities - with the purposes
  of its usage as an example for the next years
  with entering of the minimal changes. 
• Inventory of the current and requested
  information for the successful operation of the
  Commission, recommendations for improvement - for
  future tasks definition

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1. Operational Manual (Directory) on mechanism of
Commission's work, including functions and
responsibilities of the parties

• Operational Manual (Directory) on mechanism of
  Commission's work, including functions and
  responsibilities of the parties should have the
  following contents
• Apportioning of water history in basin from
  sources till date of creation of a Commission.
• Rule about apportioning of water 1948, 1982 years
• Agreement 2000 year
• Statute of the Commission
• accepted on July 26, 2006 year
• preparing by the expert V. Alenyn
• Statute of the Secretariat of the Commission?
• Recommendation of a Commission produced in 2005.
  .
• List of planned activities of a Commission and
  Secretary till 2010
• ..

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2. Brief overview of two water basins before the
creation of Commission

• Bilateral cooperation between Kazakhstan and
  Kyrgyzstan on usage and protection of water
  resources in basin of the Chui-Talas Rivers
• - organizational forms of water
  facilities management of the Parties
• - analysis of legislative norms of
  the Parties concerning water facilities and
  water resources management
• Transboundary water management facilities and
  objects of intergovernmental status
• Interstate allocation of water resources in
  basin of the Chui-Talas Rivers, issues of their
  rational use in view of water quality
  protection.
• Transboundary monitoring Program
• System of the emergency notification in basins of
  the Chui-Talas Rivers.
• Informing a public
• Ecological-economic bases of water resources
  management in basins of the Chui-Talas Rivers.
  Estimation of basins ecosystems value

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3. Plan for joint financing for maintenance costs
for the principal facilities

• It is necessary to finish, coordinate and to
  ratify at session of a Commission the Plan for
  joint financing for maintenance costs for the
  principal water management facilities of
  intergovernmental status that beginnings to be
  developed in 2005,
• Also it is necessary to coordinate, ratify and
  attach to plan a substantiation and costs on
  operational personnel and timetable for
  management of intergovernmental objects

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4. Inventory of the current and requested
information for the successful operation of the
Commission, recommendations for improvement

• International-legislative principles of
  regulation of transboundary waters usage and
  protection
• - Overview of international rules and
  conventions.
• Overview of the international cooperation on
  sharing protection transboundary river basins
• - Bilateral and multilateral
  agreements on transboundary rivers.
• International managing principles concerning
  cooperation and establishment of joint
  commissions of river basins
• - Main tasks and functions of joint
  commissions
• Analysis of the water legislation in Republic of
  Kazakhstan and Kyrgyz Republic
• the recommendations and proposals on liquidation
  of contradictions and synchronization ?

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Main stages of ADB proposal implementation

• 1 Stage Coordination and acceptance of
  structure proposed by ADB - complexes materials.
  Preparation of textual, settlement and is
  illustrative - explaining parts of the concept on
  development of complexes on intergovernmental and
  national levels.
• 2 Stage Formations of the managing and
  methodical documents on intergovernmental level.
  Development and adaptation of control system on
  pilot Water Management Facilities of
  Intergovernmental Status .
• 3 Stage Introductions of control system in view
  of ecological regulation and target requirements
  to water objects condition on basis of produced
  target program.

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NGO activity

• 2 partners Zhalgas-Counterpart (Republic of
  Kazakhstan) and Counterpart-Sheriktesh (Kyrgyz
  Republic)
• Similar Missions Develop civil society through
  the promotion of partnership among three sectors
  by providing services to non-profit
  organizations, local community organizations,
  government, business and international
  organizations

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NGO projects

• PP in water resources management of Chu and Talas
  rivers, OSCE
• Community Action Grants, USAID
• Support of WUA development, USAID
• Small grants program for communities, UNDP/GEF
• Capacity building of community, ADB
• Networking of community-based organizations,
  WorldBank
• Social accountability initiatives in CAR,
  WorldBank

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Aim of the projects

• To involve NGOs and community in joint
  definition, planning, solving of local problems,
• To inform public and stakeholders,
• Needs appraisal of local community and
  stakeholders,
• To develop sustainable WUCs,
• To increase social partnership,
• To develop and approve of PP-mechanisms and plans

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METHODS AND PRACTICAL TOOLS THE CHU-TALAS
PROJECT

• Project Goal To promote public participation in
  decision-making on issues of management of
  transboundary waters of the Chu and Talas Rivers.
  
• Mapping stakeholders
• Focus groups to identify local stakeholders
  needs
• Information/Stakeholders Directory/Data Base
• Capacity Building Plan
• Mechanisms to voice the needs to decision makers

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Results of PP in water resources management of
Chu and Talas rivers project, OSCE

• Exploration and mapping of stakeholders
• Data-Base of stakeholders
• Community appraisal/needs assesment
• Supporting of site www.talaschu.org
• PP capacity building plans (seminar with
  authorities and local stakeholders)

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Objectives of research

• Display opinion and knowledge of local
  stakeholders about state of water resources
  management in the region.
• Display stakeholders opinion about experts,
  administrations, mass-media and NGO activities in
  the field of water-management
• Display an effectiveness of focus-groups methods
  for increasing of PP in decision-making process.

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Current system what it needs?

• PP has to build in to legislation system
• Organizers in PP-field have to be trained and to
  know practical tools for organizational
  structure creation
• Create a positive image of PP for motivation of
  local people.

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Public Participation Capacity Building Plan 1
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Public Participation Capacity Building Plan 2
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Public Participation Capacity Building Plan 3
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COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION METHODOLOGY

• OBJECTIVES
• Support and promote community initiatives in
  participatory problem solving
• Create local entities that can sustainable
  support, promote community development
  initiatives and protect citizens' interests

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COMMUNITY MOBILIZATION CYCLE
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PARTICIPATORY COMMUNITY APPRAISAL (PCA)

• PCA is a flexible methodological framework to
  mobilize communities for implementing solutions
  of their own self-defined needs
• Identification and prioritization of the key
  community needs and potential solutions
• Identification of available and needed internal
  and external resources
• Constructive engagement of government, media,
  NGOs, community members and businesses Social
  Partnership
• Elected Community Initiative Group with roles and
  responsibilities to manage implementation of
  community decisions

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COMMUNITY ACTION PLAN (CAP)

• The CAP articulates
• Specific problem to be solved
• Actions to address the identified problem
• Who will be involved
• Action and intervention planned timeline
• How actions will be implemented
• Resources required
• Local resources that have been identified
• Expected results

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COMMUNITY ACTION GRANT (CAG)

• The CAG application must include
• Articulation of the participatory community
  appraisal and action planning processes
• Listing and prioritization of community projects
  developed to address those identified needs
• Level of community and local government
  contributions
• Participation and partnership with local
  businesses
• Participation of women, youth, and marginalized
  segments
• Project realizability study and sustainability
  plan

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PARTICIPATION TOOLS

• Participatory Rural Appraisal Tools such as the
  VEN diagram, community mapping, stakeholder
  analysis, priority matrix
• Training for community leaders on topics such as
  Facilitation Skills, Participatory Community
  Appraisal, Project Design, Fundraising, Social
  Partnership and Participatory M E
• Public meetings and information mechanisms such
  as budget hearings, suggestion boxes and
  community information boards

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PARTICIPATORY APPROACH SUCCESS FACTORS

• Consistent community mobilization methodology
• Relevant facilitation of community mobilization
  process
• Quick success, overcome skepticism, build
  momentum
• Sustainability and maintenance plans
• Cost share ownership, project results
  maintenance
• Grant is a supplement to community
  self-initiatives
• Implement and enforce procurement standards
• Success should be recognized and celebrated
• Ownership and transparency mechanisms
• Recognition of contributions

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• Thank you for attention!