Discrepancy between average WMAP observed and ROSAT predicted SunyaevZel'dovich Effect profiles of 3

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Discrepancy between average WMAP observed and
ROSAT predicted Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect
profiles of 31 clusters (2006 ApJ, 648, 176)
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How much is a cluster's 2-7 keV flux thermal?
GAL. ABS. x MEKAL
SOFT EXCESS
HARD EXCESS?
Substantial non-thermal fraction of cluster X-ray
flux not only explains soft and hard excess, but
is also the reason why such a feeble SZ effect
among clusters on the whole
GAL. ABS. x (MEKALPO)
POWER-LAW SAME LUMINOSITY AS THERMAL EMISSION!
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Giant radio halo A 2163
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Zanni et al, A A, Vol 429, p399
Density
Specific Entropy
Entropy / Volume
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CONSEQUENCES OF ALFVENIC HEATING MODEL

• The S-Z effect may be probe of cluster
  non-thermal processes, not cosmology.
• Contribution of thermal medium to cluster mass
  overestimated when anomalous SZE. Abundances
  underestimated.
• Anomalous S-Z results could be associated with
• active AGN with cluster scale X-ray jets or
  radio jets
• or radio 'ridges
• or radio halos
• or recent cluster merger.
• Full S-Z effect likely in clusters well fitting a
  thermal temperature distribution, apart from
  possible cooling flow.
• EUV and Hard excess likely where there is
  large-scale cluster medium turbulence.
• Extended cluster radio emission enhancement of
  the same model
• Active cluster medium is a more important cosmic
  ray source than in our galaxy.