Global Positioning System GPS

1
Global Positioning System(GPS)

• Megan Woodis

2
2008 Super Bowl Commercial

• YouTube Commercial
• You can see that GPS is taking over our
  generation because it is a function that is
  taking over the way we travel in every aspect
• Follow the Leader slogan

3
What is a GPS?

• GPS stands for Global Positioning System
• is a satellite based navigation system made up
  of a network of 24 satellites placed into orbit
  by the US Department of Defense.
• Available for anyone to use
• Works 24 hours a day
• No cost except the price
• Need a portable receiver (hand-held device, car
  device, etc) to connect with the satellite
• Indoors, underwater, or underground no good

http//www8.garmin.com/aboutGPS/
4
Data Collection

• 2D Positioning - need three satellites
• Latitude and Longitude
• 3D Positioning - need four or more satellites
• Latitude, Longitude, Altitude
• Bonus Features
• Speed
• Distance
• Sunrise/Sunset Time
• Specific Destination Locations
• Trilateration (simple mathematical principle)

5
Uses and Users

• Military (originally and still)
• The Coast Guard uses DGPS
• Differential GPS
• Very accurate form of GPS
• Navigation and Aircraft
• Civilian use
• Travelers
• Teenagers who are learning to drive
• Those who get lost easily
• Business Workers (such as someone who needs to
  see clients frequently in the area)
• Tracking Systems for Companies
• Teenager Tracking Units
• Cars
• Cell Phones

6
Tracking Systems

• Companies can use different types of tracking
  systems
• Cell Phone
• Receiver/Devices
• Computer
• The chips track where a driver or personnel may
  be located to keep the company up to date
• UPS is a good example of who uses a tracking
  system on their drivers and packages to offer a
  reliable service to its customers
• Cost can be expensive but worthwhile than those
  on a cell phone
• Provide drivers who are lost with assistance to
  make the delivery on time
• Cell phone eats up battery life and minimal
  coverage

7
Short Video

• Still might be asking how it works?
• Here is a Howstuffworks.com video that explains
  GPS in straightforward terms
• How a GPS works!

8
Satellite Facts

• Revolve around the Earth in two rotations per day
• Located 12,000 miles above Earth
• 7,000 miles per hour
• 24 of the 27 are working (3 for backup)
• 3,000 4,000 lbs. each
• Solar powered

9
Interruptions to the Satellite

• There are some factors that can affect the
  satellites performance and job to relay the data
  to the receivers such as
• Ionosphere and Troposphere Delays
• Signal Multipath
• Receiver Clock Errors
• Orbital Errors
• Number of Satellites Visible
• Satellite Geometry/Shading
• Intentional Degradation of the Satellite Signal

http//www8.garmin.com/aboutGPS/
10
Interruptions Continued

• Ionosphere and Troposphere
• Signal that slows down in transition through the
  atmosphere
• Signal Multi-path
• Affected by things in the surrounding area (such
  as rocky mountains or buildings)
• Receiver Clock
• Clocks do not match up on the receiver and the
  satellite

• Number of Visible Satellites
• The more the better
• Satellite Geometry/Shading
• Need to be spaced properly line/tight group
  bad signals
• Intentional Degradation of Satellite Signal
• Specific for the Military use but affects the
  civilian populations use of GPS

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Interesting Facts

• The first GPS satellite was launched in 1978.
• A full constellation of 24 satellites was
  achieved in 1994.
• Each satellite is built to last about 10 years.
  Replacements are constantly being built and
  launched into orbit.
• A GPS satellite weighs approximately 2,000
  pounds and is about 17 feet across with the solar
  panels extended.
• Transmitter power is only 50 watts or less.

Taken Directly From http//www8.garmin.com/aboutG
PS/
12
Comparison

• Consumers should know basic knowledge when
  wanting to purchase a decent GPS device in order
  to live up to their expectations
• There are a variety of prices and functions that
  each system has to offer from
• Handheld
• Cell phone
• Built in maps
• Touch screen
• Color screen
• Memory capacity
• Average battery life
• Voice guidance
• Traffic updates
• Location specifics
• Backlights
• MP3 player/iPod/FM compatibility

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Comparison Continued

• Top Brands found Garmin, Magellen, Tom Tom, and
  Navigon
• Helpful website that lists a variety of receiver
  devices with detailed descriptions, prices on
  various websites, star ratings, and even reviews
• GPS Comparison Page

14
Works Cited

• http//www.thegpsstore.com/?refyssp
• http//www.bizrate.com/globalpositioningsystemsgps
  /index__kw--gpssystems__qcid--5836890.html
• http//www.magellangps.com/about/timeline.asp
• http//www8.garmin.com/aboutGPS/
• http//www.colorado.edu/geography/gcraft/notes/gps
  /gps_f.html
• http//www.howstuffworks.com/gps.htm
• http//www.gtctracking.com/services/faq.php
• http//www.gpsinformation.org/dale/theory.htm
• http//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d
  /GPS_Satellite_NASA_art-iif.jpg
• http//www.globalcars.com.au/site/images/REDSPOT_t
  omtom.jpg
• http//www.onr.navy.mil/Focus/spacesciences/images
  /satellites/danagpsorbits.gif
• http//www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/rep
  ort/call/call_91-3_ch1fig3.gif
• http//blog.tmcnet.com/blog/tom-keating/images/gar
  min-nuvi-700.jpg
• http//www.linuxjournal.com/files/linuxjournal.com
  /linuxjournal/articles/074/7467/7467f1.inline.png
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vVy5UaB936msfeature
  related