Juanita Ferguson HUMN 3302

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Juanita FergusonHUMN 3302

• THE POEM OF
• THE CID

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Discussion Questions

• Who is the Cid?
• Cities he conquered, what did he gain?
• How does he gain the trust, and love back from
  King Alfonso?
• What is the relationship between the
  castles/cities he conquered, Moors he killed and
  the abandonment of his daughters by the Princes
  of Carrion?

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El Cid?

• The Cid was a historical figure, Rodrigo Diaz de
  Bivar (1043-99) He was the greatest Christian
  knight of 12 Century in Spain. 
• He is the ideal Castilian warrior. His
  characteristics includes one who is
• Proud
• Ruthless and brave
• Vain of his strength and skill
• Shrewd and Generous
• Loyal to family and his King Alfonso

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The Exile

• Don Alfonso, King of Burgos banishes Cid from the
  land.
• Cid was exiled because his enemy Count Garcia
  Ordonez persuaded the King that the Cid was
  becoming too powerful
• A decree was sent out that anyone who helped the
  Cid, will lose his goods, his eyes, and his soul.

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Exile Continued.

• Martin Antolinez, sturdy son of Burgos came to El
  Cid rescue
• He gave him bread and wine and then left with the
  Cid the next day for dishonoring the Kings
  wishes
• Campeador Cid kisses his wife Dona Ximena
  good-bye, telling her he want to give his
  daughters hands in marriage and provide a good
  future for them.

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Cities that were Defeated by The Cid and his men

• Canto One

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CASTEJON

• Castejon- Through ambush, Cid Ruy Diaz attacks
  the city and slays fifteen Moors who opposes
  him. The people were unaware of what was about to
  happen to them. He takes all the gold and silver
  in the city, and then abandoned it because of its
  lack of water. Also, he was afraid of King
  Alfonso who might have attacked him and his
  soldiers at the city.

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ALCOCER

• The Cid and his men through trickery conquered
  the city. For fifteen full weeks they rested
  there, using the wealth of the land. Without
  pity and fear, three hundred Moors are slain.
• The few men and women that are alive, are used as
  slaves for the Cid and his men.

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Battle over Alcocer

• King Mutamin of Valencia was upset when he heard
  about how the Cid took Alcocer.
• He was afraid that if he did nothing to stop Cid,
  all of the cities in the valley of the Jalon, as
  well as in that of the Jiloca will also be taken
• Three thousand men along with King Fariz and
  Galve, planed to besiege the Cid .

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Continued..,

• A plan is set up by Minaya, follower of the Cid
  and Cid himself of how the battle can be won.
• The Cid commands that all the Moors will be
  killed if they betray his play to win the battle.
• In the first few minutes of the battle, a
  thousand and three Moors are dead.
• The battle has been won, only fifteen of Cid men
  are dead.

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Continued.

• The Moorish camp is sacked by Cids men, taking
  shields and riches in abundance.
• Five hundred and ten horses are gathered for Cid
  knights.
• The Moors who fought with the Cid are brought
  back to the castle and are rewarded for their
  services.

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Battle with Count Ramon Berenguer

• The Count was angry at Cid for what he had done
  in the past, the insult of many kings and
  kingdoms.
• The fight has begin to the tiny wood of Tevar
  the battle does not last long. The Cid wins
  taking Count Ramon as prisoner.
• The famous sword Colada which is worth more than
  a thousand marks is won by Cid

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Cities that were ConqueredCanto Two
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Valencia

• El Cid, captured the Moorish Kingdom of Valencia
  after a nine-month siege.
• Violating the terms of the surrender, El Cid had
  the Cadi ibn Djahaff burned alive
• Many men are killed Gold and silver amounting to
  more than thirty thousand marks was seized.
• All of his men were paid and word of his
  generosity was spread every where.

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Morocco

• King Yusuf of Morocco is angry with the Cid for
  making himself strong in the land of Valencia.
• He gathered fifty thousand Moors of Morocco to go
  to battle.
• The first day of the battle, 500 of the Moors are
  killed.
• King Yusuf is striked three times and takes
  refuge in the castle of Cullera.
• Only 104 of him men had escaped death
• Three thousand marks are taken from the camp

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Five Pitched Battles

• Jerica and Onda
• Almenara and Murviedro
• Puig
• Benicadell
• The lands of Burriana

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Daughters of El Cid and the abandonment by the
Princes of Carrion

• Canto Three

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Treatment of the Daughters

• Dona Elvira and Dona Sol daughter of the Cid, got
  married to Prince Don Diego and Don Fernando.
• After the marriage, the two women were taken into
  the oaken wood of Corpes and left for dead.
• The women were stripped of their mantles and were
  whipped with sharp spurs and heavy thongs of
  leather.

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Treatment Continued..

• They were beaten until they fell senseless on the
  ground.
• All the money and riches that were given to them
  by their farther were taken away.
• Their garments were soaked in blood, and they
  were left for the birds and wild beast of the
  wilderness.
• The Princes believed that it was their duty to
  avenge the daughters of El Cid for the unlucky
  marriage they were in.

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Gifts King Alfonso Received

• thirty horses, all saddled and bridled, with
  swords hanging from their saddlebows, which was
  from the battle of Alcocer.
• one hundred of the finest Moorish horses he won
  at the battle of Valencia.
• And other Valuables

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Relationship between Moors that were slain and

• the Daughters of the Cid

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Relationships

• Moors were not loved for who they were but the
  land they possessed and the wealth they had
• Some were killed and others were used as slaves.
• All of their wealth was taken away from them.

• The daughters of El Cid were not loved by the
  Prince of Carrion, their wealth was
• They were beaten and left for dead in the woods.
• The princes of Carion took all the riches the
  ladies had, they left them with nothing.

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Relationship cont

• Accumulation of wealth and winning battles for
  the Cid meant power.
• He did not care about who he killed, but to
  ensure that his men and himself were well off.
• El Cid did what he did because he wanted the
  respect and love back from King Alfonso

• Prince Don Diego and Don Fernando wanted power,
  so they married Cid daughters to get what they
  wanted.
• The princes did not care if Dona Elvira or Dona
  Sol lived or died, they wanted revenge on El Cid,
  they wanted to hurt and embarrass the very thing
  that he loved the most, his family.

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Conclusion

• El Cid" portrays the struggles, challenges and
  potential for power and wealth that in reality
  did exist on the eleventh-century Spanish
  frontier.
• He is generous with his friends, an affectionate
  father and husband, victorious with the defeated,
  and extremely loyal to his country and king

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Conclusion Cont.

• Like many feudal epics, El Cid leads up to his
  climax at the trial of his daughters who were
  disgraced by their husbands
• One motif running through the story, is Cid
  constant honoring of King Alfonso in an attempt
  to get the king to take him back

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Pictures

• The house of El Cid and his wife in Zamora, Spain

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Statue of El Cid in Burgos, Spain 

• El Cid was honored for his services for his
  country and for his followers who believed in him.

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Fighting for Honor
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Cities Cid Conquered
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The Battle has been Won
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Ready for Battle