Let's Talk about SEX

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Lets Talk about SEX

Adapted from Health Canadas What you need to
know about STI - Sexually Transmitted Infections
from http//www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/std-mts/i
ndex.html
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Sex is a normal and healthy part of our lives

• Today there are many types of infections that
  are spread through sex. These infections are
  called sexually transmitted infections or STI.
• Some are easily cured. Some infections have no
  cure. There are many kinds of sexually
  transmitted infections and they can seriously
  affect your health.
• You should know about sexually transmitted
  infections because they can affect your ability
  to have children later in life. Some can also
  cause cancer. AIDS is fatal.
• In Canada the highest rates and increases in
  STIs are in young people ages 15 to 24.
• If you are having sex or thinking about having
  sex you need to know how to avoid sexually
  transmitted infections (also called sexually
  transmitted diseases or STD).

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How to know if you have an infection

• How to know if you have an infection
• Some people with an STI have few or no symptoms
  at all others have very obvious symptoms. Be
  aware of any changes in your health or symptoms
  such as

• different or heavier discharge from the vagina
• discharge from the penis
• a burning feeling when urinating (peeing)
• sores particularly in the genital or anal areas
• itchy feeling around the sex organs or anus
• appearance of a rash
• swollen glands in the groin.

These symptoms might appear alone or in
combination. Having a symptom doesnt mean you do
have an STI but if you are having sex and taking
chances you should see a health professional for
a check-up.
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What are my chances of catching an STI

• You can get an STI from having sex with someone
  who is infected regardless of age background or
  sexual orientation.
• You have a chance of catching a sexually
  transmitted infection if
• If you have taken chances such as having sex
  without using a condom please see a doctor or
  visit a public health clinic and ask for an STI
  check-up. Your health is important and so is the
  health of your partner. Remember that some STIs
  may not cause symptoms.

• you have unprotected oral vaginal or anal sex
  (without using a condom or if the condom breaks)
  with a person who may have an infection
• your partner has or has had a sexually
  transmitted infection
• you have a new sex partner
• you or your partner had or is having sex with
  others
• you have sex under the influence of alcohol or
  drugs
• you share needles or equipment for drugs body
  piercing tattoos or sex toys or your partner
  does.

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No STI for me!

• The only sure way to prevent a sexually
  transmitted infection is to avoid risky
  behaviour.
• Healthy and safer choices
• abstinence
• consider doing other things with your partner
  like kissing caressing and touching instead of
  having intercourse
• use a condom every time - its the most important
  thing you can do
• ask yourself how many partners have I had this
  year Am I taking chances
• IT TAKES TWO! The birth control pill prevents
  pregnancy and the condom helps to prevent STI.
• the riskiest way of having sex in terms of
  catching an STI is anal sex (for both males and
  females) - but you can get an STI from vaginal
  and oral sex as well
• never share needles or equipment for drugs
  tattoos or body piercing
• If you think you might have a sexually
  transmitted infection please see your doctor or
  go to a clinic. All the information you give will
  be kept private.

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How are STIs spread

• STIs or sexually transmitted infections can be
  spread in several ways.
• STIs are usually spread through sex because the
  bacteria or viruses travel in semen vaginal
  fluids and blood. Saliva (or spit) can spread
  some STIs if you have a tiny cut in or around
  your mouth.
• STIs can be spread through direct contact with an
  infected area.
• Infected blood on needles and syringes can spread
  certain STIs.
• Infected women can pass some STIs to their babies
  during pregnancy at childbirth or during
  breastfeeding.
• You can catch some STIs more than once. And you
  can have more than one STI at a time.
• If you are HIV positive and have another of the
  sexually transmitted infections you increase
  your chances of GIVING HIV to your partner.
• If you dont have HIV but have another sexually
  transmitted infection you increase your chances
  of GETTING HIV from an HIV positive partner.
• Many STIs are easily treated but all can be
  dangerous if ignored.
• To reduce the possibility of spreading STIs or
  reinfection sexually activity should be
  postponed until treatment has been completed.
• For some STIs like HIV there is no cure to date.

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Chlamydia

• Chlamydia (pronounced kla-mid-ee-ah) is a very
  common bacterial sexually transmitted infection -
  and one of the more serious.
• It can spread silently in females and cause a
  painful long-term condition called PID (pelvic
  inflammatory disease) and infertility (the
  inability to have children). Pregnant women can
  pass this infection on to their babies at birth
  who can then get infections of their eyes or
  lungs.
• You can get chlamydia from oral vaginal or anal
  sex.
• A woman may never know she is infected with
  chlamydia until she has a test for it or decides
  to have a baby and has problems trying to become
  pregnant.
• For those who develop symptoms they usually
  appear two to six weeks after sex with an
  infected person. Sometimes the symptoms are so
  mild that a person may not notice them. Men often
  have no symptoms and can spread the infection
  without knowing they have it. It is very
  important that chlamydia be treated right away.

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What to look for Chylmydia

• Females
• a new or different discharge from the vagina
• a burning feeling when urinating
• pain in the lower abdomen sometimes
• with fever and chills
• pain during sex
• vaginal bleeding between periods
• vaginal bleeding after intercourse
• Males
• a watery or milky drip from the penis
• an itchy feeling inside the penis
• a burning feeling when urinating
• pain or swelling in the testicles
• A quick and reliable urine test is available for
  chlamydia for both men and women.
• If you are having sex and have taken chances see
  a health professional or go to a clinic and ask
  to be tested.

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How chlamydia is treated

• Chlamydia can often be treated with just one dose
  of antibiotics taken by mouth. But you can get it
  again right away from your partner if he/she
  isnt treated as well.
• You must get a prescription for the right
  antibiotic from your doctor. Dont borrow
  medicine from your friends and you cannot buy
  the medicine on the street.
• Treatment is important
• Your doctor or nurse may ask you for the name of
  your partner or ask you to tell your partner so
  that this STI will not be spread further. Make
  sure you take your medication until it is
  finished. Ask your doctor or nurse how soon after
  treatment you can have sexual intercourse.
• If you are a female with chlamydia and you dont
  get treated this could happen to you

• you might develop a pain in your abdomen or belly
  that never seems to go away
• the infection could spread to all your
  reproductive organs and cause PID
• you may have problems later in life getting
  pregnant or during your pregnancy.
• The long-term effects of chlamydia on males are
  not well known.

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Gonorrhea

• You may have heard of this STI by other names
  such as the clap or a dose. Gonorrhea is a
  common STI which if not treated early can cause
  serious health problems especially for women.
• Gonorrhea in women left untreated could lead to a
  painful long-term condition called PID (pelvic
  inflammatory disease) and infertility (the
  inability to have children).
• A pregnant woman can pass gonorrhea to her baby
  during birth and cause a serious eye infection
  or blindness.
• You can get gonorrhea from oral vaginal and anal
  sex.
• The symptoms and signs

• If you catch gonorrhea from having sex with an
  infected partner you might not notice any
  symptoms. If you do they will appear three to
  five days after sex.
• Even if you dont have symptoms you can have
  gonorrhea and you can pass it on to others.

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What to look for Gonorrhea

• Females
• new or different discharge from the vagina
• a burning feeling when urinating
• pain in the lower abdomen
• fever and chills
• pain during sex
• vaginal bleeding between periods
• vaginal bleeding after intercourse
• possible rectal pain
• rectal discharge
• Males
• discharge from the penis may be thick and
  yellow-green in colour
• burning feeling when urinating
• pain or swelling in the testicles
• possible rectal pain
• rectal discharge

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How gonorrhea is treated

• Gonorrhea can often be treated with just one dose
  of antibiotics taken by mouth and can be cured.
  But you can get it again right away from your
  partner if he/she isnt treated as well. See a
  doctor or go to a clinic and if you have
  gonorrhea tell your partner

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So put one on
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Where to go for help

• If you are sexually active and have been taking
  chances please see a doctor or go to a free
  clinic to make sure you dont have an STI. You
  owe it to yourself your partner and your future.
• And remember all the information you give is
  always kept private.
• To find a clinic check your telephone book under
  Sexual Health in the white pages or under
  Health in the blue pages.
• On Campus go to your Student Health Center

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This presentation

• Prepared by Stephanie DeForest
• 3rd year Nursing student
• McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada