Gender and Urban Space

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Gender and Urban Space
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Outline

• Employment
• Family Structure and Children
• Housing
• Transportation
• Urban Governance

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Employment

• Increase in women joining paid labor force and a
  decrease in men joining the paid labor force

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Employment

• Increase in women joining paid labor force
• Reasons for increase
• Womens rights movements
• Employer drive for cheaper labor
• Flexible labor
• Double burden
• Home-work responsibilities
• Back-office locations
• Telework
• Zoning patterns

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Family Structure and Children

• Family structure is changing
• High levels of child poverty
• Childcare crisis
• Lack of urban services for children

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Adult versus Child Population 1900-2000
Source US Census Bureau and Kids Count 2000
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AmeriStat, October 2000
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AmeriStat, October 2000
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Source Fields, Jason et al. (2001) A Childs
Day Home, School and Play (Selected Indicators
of Child Well-Being) US. Census Bureau Household
Economic Studies P70-68
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Source Fields, Jason et al. (2001) A Childs
Day Home, School and Play (Selected Indicators
of Child Well-Being) US. Census Bureau Household
Economic Studies P70-68
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Housing

• Geographical location
• Women have more multi-function tasks
• Suburbanization makes these tasks more difficult
• Changing spatial structures of cities affects
  women more
• Housing policy
• Equal outcomes for men/women?
• Nuclear family the basic norm?
• Discrimination in housing policy
• More women not eligible
• Unequal ownership patterns
• Design issues

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Transportation

• Public transport supports primarily home-work
  linkages
• Women have more diversity of travel patterns
• Women have greater security concerns
• Auto-dependence
• Driven in part by lack of flexibility in public
  transport
• Suburban model requiring full-time driver, now in
  crisis

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Source Borja and Castells (1997) Local and
Global Management of Cities in the Information
Age (London Earthscan) p. 56
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Source Rosenbloom, Sandra (1987) The Impact of
Growing Children on Their Parentss Travel
Behavior A Comparative Analysis in
Transportation Research Record 1135.
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Source McKnight, Claire (1994) Transportation
with Women in Mind Journal of Urban Technology
121
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Urban Governance

• Women often leaders on community/neighborhood
  organizations
• Women poorly represented in formal government
  positions

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Source Borja and Castells (1997) Local and
Global Management of Cities in the Information
Age (London Earthscan) p. 66