Introduction to Construction

1
Introduction to Construction
2
Introduction to Construction

• The construction course is one of continuous
  development throughout 2, 3 or 4 years through
• formal teaching of technical knowledge
• self directed learning, including working
  individually and in groups of increasing
  complexity

3
Introduction to Construction

• The construction units are very career
  orientated, giving technical information and
  developing the skills required by industry.
• Due to the increasing complexity of site
  management, good technical and communication
  skills and the ability to work in groups of
  specialists are vital requirements.

4
Introduction to Construction

• Typical skills are
• Good communicator
• Technical understanding
• Use of IT
• Group Working
• Business understanding

Drawing IT
Technical
Year 1
Skills
Reports
Managerial
Year 4
5
Construction Practice

• Aims
• To introduce RISK MANAGEMENT, including Health
  Safety and Environmental issues relevant to the
  construction site.
• To introduce the various parties involved in a
  construction project.
• To introduce the methods of working and
  construction techniques.

6
Construction Practice

• Methods
• Formal lectures
• Continuous project based learning
• Construction site visits
• Assessment
• 100 by project coursework plus site test

7
Construction Practice

• Staff Lion Gate Room 1.33
• J Reynolds Careers advice, CEM Tutor
• A Petersen CEM Course Leader
• A Tutesigensi MSc Course Leader,Research
• Staff are only available during lecture and
  tutorial times all questions outside of these
  times should be sent via PROJECT TALK

8
THE PROJECT LIFE CYCLE
9
Hazard Risk Management

• Identification of hazards
• Elimination and control of risks
• Avoiding accidents and injuries
• Avoiding occupational ill health
• It is also about
• Avoiding abortive work
• Avoiding financial loss
• Professional responsibilities
• Complying with statutory obligations
• Avoiding fines and prison sentences

10
Manage Human Resource
11
Manage Construction Plant
12
Manage Materials
13
Hazard Risk Management

• Designers create many of the risks,
• Contractors can mostly only manage the risks,
• while the workers have to endure them.
• Clients must learn more about their
  responsibilities and think about the risks.
• Construction professionals are involved at all
  stages. We need to work together to ensure
  consistently high standards.
• John Barber MA LLB CEng FICE MHKIE FCIArb
• Barrister to ICE

14
Characteristics of the Construction Industry

• National Importance
• Difficult to define (DIY etc)
• Annual turnover varies widely
• About 80,000m to 100,000m per year
• Employs about 6 to 8 of national workforce
• Major Health Safety and Environment issues

15

• PROJECTS
• Mostly unique
• Long duration
• Outside
• Price often fixed by competitive tender
• COMPANIES
• Client /Promoter - provides finance
• Designer
• Contractor

16

• COMPANIES
• Clients - Government, Industrial, Commercial
• Designers - Consultant Engineers Architects
• Contractors - Civil Engineering, Building,
  General
• Specialists - Earthworks, Demolition, Steelwork
  etc.
• Size - 90 employ less than 20 people Small
  firms carry out approx. 30 work Large firms
  usually multi-disciplinary
• Materials - Manufacture, Supplier
• Project Management - Quantity surveying etc.

17

• The UK Construction Industry is rapidly
• moving towards -
• Design Build ( Operate ) Contracts
• Use of specialist sub-contractors
• Main Contractor acting in a management role
• Fast Track construction
• Construction courses have to reflect this
• changing model.

18
History of a ProjectConstruction is the last
phase of a series of interrelated activities

• 1 Idea - the establishment of a need
• 2 Feasibility study
• Market forecast
• Investigations of various possibilities
• Planning
• 3 Comparison of alternatives economic appraisal

19
4 Recommendation of specific project 5 Site
Investigation 6 Detailed Design 7 Contract
preparation - Conditions - Roles
Responsibilities - Risk Allocation 8
Invitations to Tender 9 Approval of Tender 10
Construction
20
Alternative Contract Methods

• 4 Recommendation of specific project
• 5 Site Investigation
• 6 Detailed Design
• 7 Contract preparation - Conditions - Roles
  Responsibilities
• - Risk Allocation
• 8 Invitations to Tender
• 9 Approval of Tender
• 10 Construction

Design Construct
Alternative Design
21
Pre Construction Phase

• 1 Contractor receives invitation to tender
• 2 Preparation of tender - Site location, access
  etc
• - Ground Conditions
• - Method of working - plant, labour
  materials
• - RISK ASSESSMENT
• 3 Obtain costs from suppliers
• 4 Additional costs - Overheads, supervision and
  financing
• 5 Submit tender to Client or Engineer

22
Construction Phase

• 6 Detailed programme of work
• 7 Health Safety and Environment plan
• 8 Construction
• - site accommodation, services, hoardings etc
• - site clearance, bulk excavation
• - excavate and construct foundations
• - construct frame / walls
• - cladding, roof, weatherproof
• - internal finishes, external services

23
Design Build Management
24
Examples of construction work
25
Hendon Sewage Treatment Works - Environmental
26
M8 Motorway Bridge Strengthening - Structural
27
Jubilee Line Underground London - Transport
Tunnelling
28
Chek Lap Yok Airport, Hong Kong Transport,
Environmental
29
Rail Maintenance Renewal - Transport
30
www.civil.port.ac.uk
31
www.civil.port.ac.uk/pumice/cemg.htm
32
www.civl.port.ac.uk/pumice/timetables/cctime.htm
33
www.civl.port.ac.uk/pumice/timetables/cctime.htm
34

• Tutorial for week 1
• access web page
• construction practice
• week 1 lecture notes
• project button under schematic to access map
• Incinerator project