Gender and Sexuality

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Chapter 10

• Gender and Sexuality

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Sex

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• (1)The biological category of male or female as
  defined by physical differences in genetic
  composition and in reproductive anatomy and
  function.
• (2) The behavioral manifestation of the sexual
  urge sexual intercourse

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Gender

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• The cultural social and psychological meanings
  that are associated with masculinity or
  femininity

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Gender Roles

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• the behaviors attitudes and personality traits
  that are designated as either masculine or
  feminine in a given culture

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Gender Identity

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• A persons psychological sense of being male or
  female

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Sexual Orientation

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• The direction of a persons emotional and erotic
  attraction toward members of the opposite sex
  the same sex or both sexes

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Gender-role stereotype

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• The beliefs and representatives people hold about
  the typical characteristics preferences and
  behavior of men and women.

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Social learning theory of gender-role development

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• The theory that gender roles are acquired through
  the basic processes of learning including
  reinforcement punishment and modeling

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Gender schema theory

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• The theory that gender-role development is
  influenced by the formation of schemas or mental
  representations of masculinity and femininity

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Sexual Orientation

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• the direction of a persons emotional and erotic
  attraction toward members of the opposite sexthe
  same sex or both sexes.

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Puberty

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• The stage of adolescence in which an individual
  reaches sexual maturity and becomes physiological
  capable of sexual reproduction

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Primary Sex Characteristics

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• Sexual organs that are directly involved in
  reproduction such as the uterus penis and
  testicles

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Secondary Sex Characteristics

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• Sexual characteristics that develop during
  puberty and are not directly involved in
  reproduction but differentiate between the sexes
  such as facial hair for men.

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Adolescent Growth Spurt

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• The period of accelerated growth during puberty
  involving rapid increases in weight and height

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Menarche

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• a females first menstrual period which occurs
  during puberty

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Sexual Dysfunction

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• A consistent disturbance in sexual desire
  arousal or orgasm that causes psychological
  distress and interpersonal difficulties

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Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder

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• A sexual dysfunction characterized by little or
  no sexual desire

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Sexual aversion Disorder

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• A sexual dysfunction characterized by active
  avoidance of genital sexual contact because of
  extreme anxiety fear or disgust

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Dyspareunia

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• A sexual dysfunction characterized by genital
  pain before during or after intercourse.

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Male erectile disorder

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• In males sexual dysfunction characterized by a
  recurring inability to achieve or maintain an
  erect penis

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Male Orgasmic disorder

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• In males sexual dysfunction characterized by
  delayed orgasm during intercourse or the
  inability to achieve an orgasm during intercourse

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premature ejaculation

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• In males sexual dysfunction characterized by
  orgasm occurring before it is desired often
  immediately or shortly after sexual stimulation
  or penetration

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Female Orgasmic Disorder

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• In females sexual dysfunction characterized by
  consistent delays in achieving orgasm or the
  inability to achieve orgasm

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Vaginismus

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• Sexual dysfunction characterized by persistent
  involuntary contractions or spasms of the vaginal
  muscles which results in uncomfortable or
  painful intercourse

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Paraphilla

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• Any of several forms of nontraditional sexual
  behavior in which a persons sexual gratification
  depends on an unusual sexual experiences
  objects or fantasy

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Gender Identity Disorder

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• A persistent discomfort about ones assigned
  gender along with the desire to be a member of
  the opposite sex

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Sexually Transmitted Diseases

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• Any of several infectious diseases that are
  transmitted primarily through sexual intercourse
  or other intimate sexual contact

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AIDS (acquired immune deficiency Syndrome

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• A disease caused by the exchange of bodily
  fluids containing the human immune nondeficiency
  virus (HIV) which attacks and weakens the
  immune system

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PEOPLE

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Sandra Lipsitz Bem

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• American psychologist who has conducted extensive
  research on sex roles and gender identity
  proposed gender schema theory to explain
  gender-role development

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Virginia E. Johnson

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• American behavioral scientist who along with
  William H. Masters conducted pioneering research
  in the field of human sexuality and sex therapy

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William H. Masters

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• American psychologist who along with Virginia E.
  Johnson conducted pioneering research in the
  field of human sexuality and sex therapy