Fingerprint Biometrics

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Fingerprint Biometrics
By Alisa Lemley Buckhannon-Upshur High
School
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Biometrics

• "Biometric" come from the Greek words "bio"
  (life) and "metric" (to measure).
• Biometrics are technologies used for measuring
  and analyzing a person's unique characteristics.

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Two types of Biometrics

• Physical Biometrics Looks a a physical feature
  of the body, ex fingerprints, iris scanning,
  hand geometry, facial recognition
• Behavioral Biometrics Looks at a behavioral
  pattern, ex handwriting, voice analysis

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Fingerprint Biometrics

• A fingerprint is made of a a number of ridges and
  valleys on the surface of the finger.
• The ridges form so-called minutiae points

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Minutiae Points The major minutiae features of
fingerprint ridges are ridge ending,
bifurcation, and short ridge (or dot). The
ridge ending is the point at which a ridge
terminates. Bifurcations are points at which a
single ridge splits into two ridges. Short
ridges (or dots) are ridges which are
significantly shorter than the average ridge
length on the fingerprint.
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Photos from www.wikipedia.com
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Fingerprint Sensors

• A fingerprint sensor is an electronic device used
  to capture a digital image of the fingerprint
  pattern.
• The captured image is called a live scan.
• This live scan is digitally processed to create
  a biometric template (a collection of extracted
  minutiae points) which is stored and used for
  matching.

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BIFURCATIONS
RIDGE ENDINGS
SHORT RIDGE (DOT)
PHOTO FROM Biometric Consortium Conference
Presentaions
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The computer assigns a number and assigns an
X-coordinate Y-coordinate and, an angle to the
minutiae point It then stores the Information
in a binary code to be used later for matching
and identification
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Fingerprint Scanning
Data Base of stored templates
Determines if Templates match to determine
verification
Extracts Minutiae Points
Compares your template to a data base.
Scans your Fingerprint
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Review of Key Terms

• Biometric" come from the Greek words "bio" (life)
  and "metric" (to measure).
• Physical Biometrics Looks a a physical feature
  of the body
• Behavioral Biometrics Looks at a behavioral
  pattern
• Minutiae Points individual ridge characteristics
  within a fingerprint
• Ridge Ending is the point at which a ridge
  terminates.
• Bifurcations are points at which a single ridge
  splits into two ridges.
• Short ridges (or dots) are ridges which are
  significantly shorter than the average ridge
  length
• Fingerprint sensor is an electronic device used
  to capture a digital image of the fingerprint
  pattern.
• This live scan is digitally processed to create a
  biometric template (a collection of extracted
  minutiae points

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References

• http//www.biometricnewsportal.com
• http//www.wikipedia.com
• http//www.biometrics.org/bc2005/
• http//www.csee.wvu.edu/ross/