introduction to information systems: whiteley palgrave chapter 4 business ownership, structure and c

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 4 - business ownership,
structure and culture
Business Ownership, Structure and Culture
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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 4 - business ownership,
structure and culture

• The Management Layer
• The management level is the interface between the
  operations and the environment level
• Factors we will examine are
• Ownership
• Structure
• Culture
• Strategy (in tutorial sessions)

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The IS BusinessEnvironment

• Intro
• to IS
• Chap 4

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 4 - business ownership,
structure and culture

• Ownership
• Two basic modes of ownership of organisations
• Private ranging from small to large.
• Public mainly medium to large.
• Large organisations have similarities whether
  private or public
• Run by professional managers.
• Have to account for income and expenditure.
• Hire labour in the same employment market.
• Use IS and IT
•  

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 4 - business ownership,
structure and culture

• Privately Owned Organisations
•  
• The main forms of private ownership are
• The Public Company (plc) quoted on the stock
  market.
• The Private Company owned by individual(s).
• Professional Partnerships doctors, layers and
  accountants.
• Cooperatives / Mutual Organisations owned by
  participants.
•  The largest companies tend to be plcs but that
  is not always the case.

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 4 - business ownership,
structure and culture

• Publicly Owned Organisations
•  
• The main forms of public ownership are
• Public Administration government departments
  and local authorities.
• Public Services schools, universities,
  hospitals, prisons, courts, police and armed
  services.
• Public Enterprises e.g. the Post Office.
• And a rather different category of
• Non Governmental Organisations

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 4 - business ownership,
structure and culture

• Stakeholder Organisations
•  
• A concept of corporate responsibility that is
  less divisive.
• Recognises the interests, contribution or stake
  of
• Shareholders
• Customers / clients.
• Managers and workers.
• Local community.
• Society.

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The stakeholder organisation

• Intro
• to IS
• Chap 4

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 4 - business ownership,
structure and culture

• Organisational Structure
• Organisations, irrespective of the model of
  ownership, needs a management structure.
• Small company - can be informal.
• Larger organisation - formal structure.
• Various models of organisation exist with
  different characteristics, advantages and
  disadvantages.
•  

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Divisional Organisation

• Intro
• to IS
• Chap 4

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 4 - business ownership,
structure and culture

• Divisional Organisation
• Advantages
• Clear accounting for success of unit.
• Encourages entrepreneurship.
• Disadvantages
• Controlling and paying for central services.
• Transfer pricing.
• Duplication of effort / infrastructure.
• Diversity / loss of focus.
• Multiple external identities and interfaces.
•  

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Functional Organisation

• Intro
• to IS
• Chap 4

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 4 - business ownership,
structure and culture

• Functional Organisation
• Advantages
• Reinforces professionalism.
• Makes good use of skills.
• Disadvantages
• Conflicting departmental objectives.
• Lack of customer focus.
• No one department with overall responsibility for
  the product or service.
•  

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Project Organisation

• Intro
• to IS
• Chap 4

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 4 - business ownership,
structure and culture

• Project Organisation
• Advantages
• Focuses on a one off task delivery on time, to
  budget and of required quality.
• Disadvantages
• Jobs are transitory.
• There is no functional home for team members.
• Specialist staff may not be fully utilised.
• There is a disincentive to standardisation.

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Matrix Organisationdivisions combined with
functional specialism

• Intro
• to IS
• Chap 4

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Matrix Organisationfunctional specialism
combined with project teams

• Intro
• to IS
• Chap 4

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 4 - business ownership,
structure and culture

• Matrix Management
• Advantages
• Get the best of both structures (one hopes!)
• Disadvantages
• Endless meetings and possibly arguments.
•  

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 4 - business ownership,
structure and culture

• Other Organisational Structures
• Virtual Organisation
• Franchise Organisation
• Network Organisation
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Staff Structure Chart

• Intro
• to IS
• Chap 4

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 4 - business ownership,
structure and culture

• Culture
• Mission statements
• accurately explain why your organisation
  exists and what it hopes to achieve in the
  future. It articulates the organizations
  essential nature, its values, and its works.
•  
• See Sainsburys mission statement in handout.
•  

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 4 - business ownership,
structure and culture

• MMUs Mission Statement
•  
• To be an accessible and responsive institution of
  higher education of the highest quality.
• To be a centre of excellence in its teaching and
  research.
• To serve the aspirations of all with the ability
  and motivation to benefit.
• To meet the needs of industry, business, the
  professions and the wider community.

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 4 - business ownership,
structure and culture

• Fuji Film
•  
• Kill Kodak!