Journals and Beyond

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Journals and Beyond
Carol Tenopir University of Tennessee ctenopir_at_utk
.edu web.utk.edu/tenopir/
Bloomsbury Conference June 25-26, 2009
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Communication Means
Oral Communication
Written Reports
Secondary Publications
Carol Tenopir
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Publications

• Proceedings
• Blogs
• Podcasts
• E-prints
• Journal Articles
• Books

Meetings
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3 Propositions

• Scholarly articles remain essential to science
• Sometimes readers only need only a part
• Sometimes readers need more than is typically
  included in a scholarly article

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Average Article Readings per year per
University Faculty Member in the US and Australia
(n1674)
Average number of articles read per scientist
311 with outliers
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University of Tennessee Knoxville Article
Downloads 2004 - 2008
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Readings from the library have greatly increased
over time
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What makes a difference in reading patterns

• subject discipline
• responsibilities (weighed more towards teaching
  or research)
• achievement (as defined by winning awards in the
  last two years and above-average publishing), and
  
• age

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Differences in

• amount of reading
• average time spent per reading
• purpose of reading
• source of reading
• format of reading (electronic or print)
• final form of reading (on paper or on screen)
• year of publication

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Ave. readings yearly by faculty in US and
Australian Universities by academic
discipline (n1674)
Subject Discipline
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Ave. Minutes per reading per faculty by academic
discipline in U.S. and Australian Universities
(n1674)
Average minutes per reading
Subject Discipline
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Younger readers prefer electronic (faculty in
U.S. and Australia, 2004-2006, n1251)

• Print Electronic
• Under 30 13 87
• 31-40 31 69
• 41-50 44 56
• 51-60 46 54
• Over 60 50 50

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Library Value to Research (comments)
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• 2. Sometimes readers only need only a part

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1. JournalIssue
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2. Article Granularity
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3. Objects granularity Extract and index figures
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Potential Uses 1. To find relevant articles
they would not otherwise find

• Sometimes tables, figures, maps, etc. are
  hidden inpapers.
• find data that may not be reflected in the
  title and abstract of the article

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Potential Uses2. To find things difficult to
state in words

• looking for geologic maps of a specific area
• for a quick assessment of photographic quality
  in cytogenetics research
• when I need a specific graph, map, photograph,
  or figure that would be for presentations or
  teaching

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Potential Uses3. To compare their work with
others

• It would be useful when writing original
  manuscripts and comparing data from other
  researchers to your own findings
• seeking published data with which to compare
  models
• Knowing or suspecting that a specific experiment
  has been done, I can look for the data and
  compare to one I might do or may have already
  done

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Potential Uses 4. To improve research

• for meta-analysis
• to be inspired by how other researchers set up
  figures/tables
• to expose me to different areas in which similar
  methods are used

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Abstracts are important

• Nicholas, Huntington, and Jamali The Use, Users,
  and Role of Abstracts in the Digital Scholarly
  Environment (Journal of Academic Librarianship
  July 2007)
• King, Tenopir, Clarke, Measuring Total Reading
  of Journal Articles,(d-lib October 2006)

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Type of Article Viewed (Nicholas, Huntington,
Jamali)
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Readings of Pediatrics Articles by Pediatricians

• 14,700 readings of all or part of text
• 7,200 abstract-only readings

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• 3. Sometimes readers need more than is typically
  included in a scholarly article

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Information Professionals leading
interdisciplinary science...DataONE (Data
Observation Network for Earth) P.I., Bill
Michener, University Libraries, Univ. New Mexico

• Presenter Name

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Sustainable Digital Data Preservation and Access
Network Partners (DataNet)

• NSF Division of Cyberinfrastucture
• Will create exemplar partners to address one of
  the major challenges of this scientific
  generation how to develop the new methods,
  management structures and technologies to manage
  the diversity, size, and complexity of current
  and future data sets and data streams.

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DataNet will build new types of organizations
that will

• integrate library and archival sciences,
  cyberinfrastructure, computer information
  sciences, and domain science expertise to
• provide reliable digital preservation, access,
  integration, and analysis capabilities for
  science and/or engineering data over a
  decades-long timeline

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engaging diverse partners.

• Libraries digital libraries
• Academic institutions
• Research networks
• NSF- and government-funded synthesis
  supercomputer centers/networks
• Governmental organizations
• International organizations
• Data and metadata archives
• Professional societies
• NGOs
• Commercial sector

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Interdisciplinary challenges

• Environmental science challenges
• Cyberinfrastructure challenges
• DataONE A solution
• Building on existing CI
• Creating new CI
• Changing science culture and institutions

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(No Transcript)
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Data loss

• Natural disaster
• Facilities infrastructure failure
• Storage failure
• Server hardware/software failure
• Application software failure
• External dependencies
• Format obsolescence
• Legal encumbrance
• Human error
• Malicious attack by human or automated agents
• Loss of staffing competencies
• Loss of institutional commitment
• Loss of financial stability
• Changes in user expectations and requirements

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Scattered data sourcesfinding the needle in the
haystack

• Data are massively dispersed
• Ecological field stations and research centers
  (100s)
• Natural history museums and biocollection
  facilities (100s)
• Agency data collections (100s to 1000s)
• Individual scientists (1000s to 10,000s to
  100,000s)

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Distributed framework
Flexible, scalable, sustainable network

• Member Nodes
• diverse institutions
• serve local community
• provide resources for managing their data

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Organizational participation
Libraries, research networks, agencies can

• Become a Member Node in DataONE
• receive data-life-cycle software and updates
• get access to training materials, curricula, and
  best practices
• join in establishing data preservation and
  related standards
• Join the DataONE International Users Group as an
  institutional member
• set future directions for cyberinfrastructure
  support and education
• join the software development community
• contribute curricula and training materials

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3 Propositions

• Scholarly articles remain essential to science
• Sometimes readers only need only a part
• Sometimes readers need more than is typically
  included in a scholarly article

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For more information
web.utk.edu/tenopir/research/ ctenopir_at_utk.edu
Carol Tenopir