True or False Exercise - Sara. GM Strategy and checklists - Nasser ... Access to land, equipment and credit. Legal rights and political power. Violence against women ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation
Models for Successful Women and Men Exercise Thuraya
Gender and Thematic Practice Areas
ICT Energy and Water Management Asim
Governance Thuraya
Governance Indicators Poverty Yassin
Conflict Mohammed
GM and MDGs/HDR Tuful
The Tarot of the Attitudes - Dima
3 Where we are
CO GM Committee
Gender CO GM Committee
Gender audit recommendations
Gender general awareness
GM online course
GM in some projects
Using GM checklist in some projects
GM Initiative (Thematic Fund)
Women in Management (2 to 3)
Gender balance in committees
audit recommendations
Gender general awareness
GM online course
GM in some projects
Using GM checklist in some projects
GM Initiative (Thematic Fund)
Women in Management (2 to 3)
Gender balance in committees
4 Where we want to go
CO Gender Strategy action plan implemented
UN Gender Thematic Group (UNGTG)
Programme team national managers fully equipped with GM tools and expertise
GM in human resources
GM included in management performance to ensure accountability
GM incorporated in programme cycle
GM integrated in monitoring evaluation
5 Steps towards our goal
GM trainings to staff projects managers
Present GM CO strategy to UNCT and develop a common GM Strategy
Allocate a of projects budgets for GM
GM in situation analysis mechanisms set
Mobilize programme staff NGOs for thematic groups
GM included in office WP RCA IWP learning goals JD
GM incorporated in meetings
6
Gender Audi Findings Summary Report
7 Components
Introduction
Special Considerations
Gender in Practice
Gender in Our Projects
Gender among our staff
Gender in Teams of Committees and other Facilities
Suggestions for UNDP CO
Recommendations
8 Introduction
Commitment to equal rights of men and women.
UNDP Gender Action Plan developed in 2005.
The TOR of the gender audit exercise.
9 Special Considerations
Saudi Arabia as an NCC country and therefore UNDPs role as provider of technical and advisory support
Limited space for advocacy role of corporate themes including gender
The socio-cultural context with traditions of gender discrimination
10 Gender in Practice
Sensitivity of gender in discussion
Recent change in official policy concerning gender
NHDR 2003 sheds light on gender issues
The 8th DP (2005-2009) as a landmark in gender mainstreaming
NMDGs Report for 2005 reflects some progress in gender issues
Saudi Arabia has therefore started the process of gender mainstreaming
UNDP CO faces the challenges of using this start to strengthen dialogue
11 Gender in Our Projects
Little attention is paid to gender in UNDPs work
Discussion with project managers reveals that the situation is not as worse as PDs.
12 Gender among our staff
Gender in staff rules and regulations in general
From HR Management perspective.
13 Gender in Teams of Committees and other Facilities
Gender Focal Point is a system that was introduced in UNDP as a strategy to improve integration of gender consideration in UNDPs work. (GFP) has made a significant contribution to gender mainstreaming and women empowerment.
Recommendations for GFP.
Gender and committees.
14 Suggestions for UNDP CO
UNDP KSA allocate financial and human resources to development.
UNDP KSA seeks ways of encouraging staff to use learning opportunities.
UNDP KSA explores ways to mainstream gender effectively.
Use of gender sensitive language.
15 Recommendation concerning gender in UNDP CO
UNDP KSA allocate financial and human resources to development.
UNDP KSA seeks ways of encouraging staff to use learning opportunities.
UNDP KSA explores ways to mainstream gender effectively.
Use of gender sensitive language
16 Recommendation
Adding additional gender training to the basic Gender Journey.
Organizing regular Working Group sessions among staff.
Developing the basic reference materials to TOR.
Applying a systematic checklist.
All persons with programmes should reflect gender dimensions on project.
17
Gender Manistreaming in Brief
18 What is Gender
Gender refers to the social meaning given to being a man or woman in a given society. i.e. Characteristics used to define a man or woman do not stem from biological differences
It defines the boundaries of what women and men can and should be and do.
It shapes and determines the behavior roles expectations and entitlements of women and men in a particular society
19 What is Gender
Refers to the rules norms customs and practices through which the biological differences between males and females are transformed into social differences
This results in women and men being valued differently and having unequal opportunities and life chances.
Gender relations are specific to societies and to historical time
Gender relations change in response to wider changes. They are not fixed for all time
Gender roles and relations differ between and within societies
20 A Core UNDP Commitment
Equality between women and men is fair and right (heart of HR)
Central to progress in HD
UNDP committed to making equality a reality to promote prosperity and well-being for all
21 What is Gender Analysis
Collection and analysis of gender disaggregated data
- different roles tasks responsibilities
- different needs interests capacities
- differences in access and control of resources and benefits
Gender analysis tells us about the rules norms and practices of social institutions that keep the divisions of labour and distribution of resources between women and men in place.
22 What is Gender Mainstreaming
Gender mainstreaming is ensuring that what we do and how we do it promotes gender equality
This is based on a recognition that all development initiatives have an impact on gender relations sometimes positive sometimes negative
23 Framework
Technical domain constitutes capacities tools and instruments
Political domain is the site for planning and decision making hierarchies and power access and control over resources
Cultural domain where the gap between policy and practice is created but also negotiated and contested
24
Gender-Sensitive
Budgeting Indicators.
25 DOES NOT aim at producing a separate budget for women nor does it imply increasing spending on women specific programs .but aims at analyzing any form of national expenditure from a gender perspective through identifying the implications and impacts for women and girls as for men and boys What is a Gender-Sensitive Budget Initiative It simply brings gender equality to the allocation of public funds enhances womens participation in the decision-making processes that shape their lives What impact does this fiscal measure have on gender equality 26
A national regional or local budget reflects a governments social and economic priorities.
The budget is the place where policies and programs are defined and translated into resource allocations.
Examining budgets through a gender lens can help identify gaps in access to and distribution of public resources.
Gender budgets provide a mechanism by which governments can integrate a gender analysis into public expenditure policies.
Gender-sensitive budget analysis provides a way to hold governments accountable of their commitments to gender equality and womens human rights.
Why a gender-sensitive budget 27 How to go ahead with a gender-sensitive budget initiative Gender Analysis National regional local Elected assemblies Coverage Political Location The whole budget Selected depart. or programs Inside government departments Outside government New projects Selected forms or revenue Changes in tax system New legislation 28 How to go ahead ..contd. Budget Classification Stage of Budget cycle
Line Item (by payments)
Functional (by broad purpose)
Economic (by economic impact)
Administrative (by institution)
Planning
Programme (by programs or activities)
Appraisal
Territorial (by geographical area)
Audit Evaluation 29 Presentation of the analysis
In the main budget or evaluation report
In special annex to the main budget/evaluation.
In briefing papers for parliamentarians
In submission to government task forces planning groups..
In research publications
In popular education publications
30 of Gender-senstive budgets Equality Accountability Efficiency Transparency ADVANTAGES A rights-based approach to budgeting helps ensure that gender equality becomes both a goal and indicator of economic governance Gender budgets are important instruments for making governments accountable to women and ensuring that governments live up to their commitments Macroeconomic policy can increase decrease or leave unchanged the gender inequality through adjustments in fiscal policy Gender sensitive budgets engage members of civil society and women in a vital area of political and economic policy debate 31 Approaches to analyze Gender Analysis.
Gender analysis
Macroeconomic analysis
Budget analysis technique
Specific knowledge
32 How can initiatives be taken to introduce a gender-sensitive budget
Assessing the gender-sensitivity of policies.
Focus groups of beneficiaries.
Analyzing the impact of public spending.
Analyzing the impact of the budget on the use of time according to sex.
Carrying out a medium-term gender-based assessment of economic policies focusing on instruments designed to promote globalization and combat poverty
Issuing reports and/or statements on the response of budgets to gender gaps by means of indicators such as those mentioned earlier
33 National Level Gender - Sensitive Indicators
Gender-sensitive indicators support the gender and development approach which focuses on changing the gendered nature of society through the promotion of gender equity rather than on women in isolation which was the focus of the women in development model and is reflected in an emphasis on gender statistics.
34 Gender-Sensitive Indicators Classification
Population composition and change
Human settlements and geographical distribution
Households and families marital status fertility
Learning in formal and non-formal education
Health health services nutrition
Economic activity and labor force participation
Access to land equipment and credit
Legal rights and political power
Violence against women
Macroeconomic policy and gender
35
Gender Analysis
The Gender Analysis Frame Work
36 (No Transcript) 37 Activity Profile Who does whatWhat men and women (adults children elders) do and where and when these activities take place
The planner needs to know the tasks of men and women in the population subgroups in the project area to be able to direct project activities toward those performing particular tasks. Therefore data must be gathered on womens and mens involvement in each stage of the agricultural cycle on their shared as well as unshared tasks and on the degree of fixity of the gender division of labor. The objective is to ensure that women are actively included in the project and are not disadvantaged by it.
The Activity Profile usually considers all categories of activities productive reproductive1 community-related service. It identifies how much time is spent on each activity how often this work is done (e.g. daily or seasonally) which periods are characterized by a high demand for labor and what extra demands the program inputs will make on women men and children.
The Activity Profile also identifies where the activities take place at home or elsewhere (the village marketplace fields or urban centers) and how far these places are from the household. This information gives insights into female and male mobility and allows an assessment of the impact of the program on mobility method of travel travel time for each activity and potential ways of saving time.
Issues considered under Activity Profile include
Production of goods and services
Reproductive and human resource maintenance activities
Community work
Community organization and activities
38 Access and control profile Who has whatWho has access to and control of resources and decision making
The Access and Control Profile considers productive resources such as land equipment labor capital and credit and education and training. It differentiates between access to a resource and control over decisions regarding its allocation and use. It enables planners to consider whether the proposed project could undermine access to productive resources or if it could change the balance of power between men and women regarding control over resources.
The profile examines the extent to which women are impeded from participating equitably in projects. For example if women have limited access to income or land they may be unable to join groups which provide production inputs and commercial opportunities or to become independent commercial producers. In some subgroups men may also suffer the same disadvantage.
Program management mechanisms (e.g. the creation of water users) groups or cooperatives) may determine who has access to and control over productive resources and may change existing gender relations.
39 Analysis of factors and trends What is the socio-economic contextHow activity access and control patterns are shaped by structural factors (demographic economic legal and institutional) and by cultural religious and attitudinal ones.
This analysis considers the structural and socio-cultural factors that influence the gender patterns of activity and access and control in the project area
demographic factors including household composition and household headship
general economic conditions such as poverty levels inflation rates income distribution internal terms of trade and infrastructure
cultural and religious factors
education levels and gender participation rates and
political institutional and legal factors.
The analysis should consider the following
Which policies and programs aimed at ensuring womens participation could affect the project
Which community norms and beliefs could influence womens participation in the projects activities
Are there laws or regulations that could affect womens participation in the project or their access to its benefits
40 Program cycle analysis What gender considerations are needed for the projectGender-sensitive project planning design implementation monitoring and post-evaluation
This analysis will indicate if and where the objectives and methods proposed for the project should be modified to improve the chances that the project will succeed and to minimize the likelihood that women will be disadvantaged as a result of it. Some questions that may need to be considered in this analysis deal with production processes training information participation access institution building project framework etc.
Particularly within the Project framework the following issues need to be considered
Do the planning assumptions (at each level of the planning framework or logical framework for example) adequately reflect the constraints on womens participation in the program
Do project performance indicators identify the need for data to be collected disaggregated by gender Will changes in the gender division of labor be monitored Will data on womens access to and control over resources be collected during the project
Can the project meet both practical gender needs (supporting and improving the efficiency of womens and mens productive roles) and strategic gender needs (improving gender equity through womens participation in the project)
Do the goals purposes or objectives of the program explicitly refer to women or reflect womens needs and priorities
Do the project inputs identify opportunities for female participation in program management in the delivery and community management of goods and services in any planned institutional changes in training opportunities and in the monitoring of resources and benefits Will the project resources be relevant and accessible to poor women in terms of personnel location and timing
Does the project include measurable indices for the attainment of its GAD objec-tives to facilitate monitoring and post-evaluation
41
Gender Equality
42 Gender Equality and MDGs
The MDGs are an integrated set of eight goals and 18 time-bound targets for extending the benefits of globalization to the worlds poorest citizens.
MDGs goal 3 is to promote gender equality and empower women.
The goal has one target to eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education preferably by 2005 and to all levels of education no later than 2015.
The existence of a separate goal on gender equality demonstrates that the global community has accepted the centrality of gender equality and women empowerment to the development paradigm
43 What about men
Relation ships between men and women and the way in which masculinity is defined are the heart of many development challenges.
Men have to relinquish some of their economic political and social power if women are to have their fair share of it and giving up power is something that few do gladly.
44 GE achievement by MDG
Bahrain support to women political empowerment prior to elections brings 6 women to present parliament.
Yemen support to voter education efforts that are linked to religious instruction in order to counter claims that religion bans women from politics.
2-Poverty reduction
India India Partnership Forum (IPF) developed an innovative social code for business to protect women. More than 300 companies have adopted the code which promotes for equal employment.
Uzbekistan UNDP supported a comprehensive analysis of the impact of the trade polices on women which was the basis for roundtable discussions on engendering macroeconomics that influenced the national MDG and poverty reduction strategies
45 3- Crises prevention and recovery
Bosnia UNDP supported the development of by-law on the national return policy that give priority to women headed households.
4- Energy environment Ukraine the sustaining Women Farmers projects is offering information technology services to rural women farmers through local information centers women are able to access information abut their rights changes in agrarian legislations market their products.
Nepal UNDP supported the creation of gender balanced community organization to manage Micro-hydro energy fueling system and irrigation scheme
46 5- HIV/AIDS
Honduras UNDP supported the formulation of a network of women living with HIV/AIDS to challenge their stigma and discrimination HIV-positive women are subjected to and help them reintegrate into family and community life.
Ghana with UNDP support women leaders and chiefs in some areas have prioritized reducing the spread of HIV increasing support to orphan girls and increasing the number of the income-generating activities for girls.
47 Resource Guide for Gender Theme Groups 48 This resource guide was developed to
Provide practical guidance to UN Theme Groups (UNTGs)
Serve as a tool to strengthen the role of UN theme groups
The practical guidance and support comes in the form of tips examples and good practices summarized from theme groups work experiences
How to keep the resource guide alive
Share your analyzed experience with specific inter-agency processes
Send your feed back and comments
Provide new versions and updates of core documents
49 Gender Thematic Group
As of 2003 thematic groups on gender are the third most numerous of all theme groups
The work of the majority of thematic groups on gender is to facilitate dialogue on gender issues and encourage gender mainstreaming among partners undertake activities supporting womens empowerment focus on training production of gender briefing kits and inputting into CCA/UNDAF processes as well as work involving the MDGs and PRSPs
Most participants in these groups are women though they are gender focal points who have little access to decision-making
The 3 main aspects of the role and areas of the theme groups are
Consolidate coordinate the work of core agencies
Devise and implement integrated strategies
Manage joint programming in support of results at the country level
50 The Work of GTGs
Specific Coordination Strategies for GTGs
Be pro-active strategic and ensure that members of the GTG are participating in working groups that are used to coordinate the UNCTs inputs
Offer proficiency and excellence to the UNCT in gender aspects of economic decision-making and other high priority areas
Support partnerships between civil society organizations the government and the UN community
Use a results-based approach in your inputs
Advocate for improvements in availability and use of sex-disaggregated data
Get a seat at the decision-making table of the UNCT
Advocate for both womens empowerment and gender mainstreaming as key strategies
Focus your strategy on the most important presenting priorities
51
Possible Actions by GTGs
Monitor implementation of the PRSP with a gender lense and UN system niche in mind
Build capacity of and support national partners in mainstreaming gender equality in PRSPs
Ensure that professionals with combined expertise in gender equality and economics support to the PRSP process
Link gender-responsive budget (GRB) initiatives with PRSPs to the extent possible
52
ICT Knowledge Learning Methodology
53 How Effective Information Knowledge Management supports Gender Mainstreaming
Effective Gender Mainstreaming requires
Good Information (timely access to research capturing data in events producing useful resources managing information eg. Gender training material)
Strategic Networking (regular exchange of info locating knowledge engaging in dialogue collaboration with stakeholders raising visibility of Orgs activities e.g.. emails listservs discussion groups bulletin boards internet web)
Continuous Learning (sharing good practices broadening debate e.g.. Learning Consultation Briefing LCB workshops CD ROMs listservs discussion groups)
Using Information Communication Tools Technologies
54 We need to
Create databases (e.g. our womens list WIDE Experts roster)
Identify target groups compile mailing lists such as gender focal point UNV gender specialists regional gender advisors)
Promote facilitate inter-agency dialogue on gender mainstreaming
Convince others of the need for gender mainstreaming
Analyze collect disseminate info on gender analysis gender mainstreaming practice
Network extensively with other gender focal points womens organizations the public
Intervene appropriately in policy advice dialogue ensuring that gender equality consideration are taken into account in discussion decision-making
Record and find mechanisms for learning from programmatic organizational good practices
56 ICT promotes womens empowerment however!
Theres a need to
Identify processes that restrict womens full participation in ICT sector (labor market segmentation unequal access to education)
Encourage governments integration of gender consideration into national ICT policies improvement of social economic environment for girls to be able to use technologies
Encourage Private Sector Orgs such as ICT suppliers to be responsive to women as consumers and employees
Encourage the funding of programmes that being Civil Society orgs to participate in ICT policy-making and trainings
57 LCB Methodology
Is a competency-based learning support strategy which sees learning as a sustained change in behavior performance in the capacity to do a job
Combines education techniques with research on capacities for Gender Mainstreaming
Develops the skills to act effectively as change agents within UNDP
Has the skills of leadership from below as well as from above
Is made up of 4 elements
Learning (to build the competencies required for gender mainstreaming)
Consultation (internally externally to analyze experience on gender mainstreaming identify lessons learned issue recommendations to reach organizational change capacity building)
Briefing (on the latest info data decisions research tools techniques methodologies)
Linkages to the workplace (thru transferring decisions strategies activities back to the workplace of the workshop participants)
LCB workshops last for 5 days
58 Gender Mainstreaming Resources Tools
Thousands of resources (handbooks studies toolkits guides exercises manuals papers policy documents checklists modules reports online courses training packs information kits e-libraries books etc.) exist online on
Gender Mainstreaming Strategies
Gender Analysis
Training
Gender Mainstreaming UN Coordination
Energy Environment
HIV/AIDS
Governance
Crisis Prevention Recovery
Poverty
Budgeting
MDGs
Human Development
ICT
The Role of Men Boys
Miscellaneous
59
Gender Thematic Practice Area
60 Gender in Water Management
Ensuring the integration of a gender perspective is part of UNDPs commitment to SHD
What is meant by a gender approach in IWRM
3 elements of gender approach in IWRM
1) we should understand the differences and relations among and between women and men
2) Womens and men perspective should be incorporated
3) Participatory approach should be used to facilitate the equitable participation
61 Gender and Energy
Linkages between Gender Energy
What are the Energy Needs of women
Gender and Energy in MDGs
What can be done to create Gender Sensitive Energy Policies
- Build Awareness of different energy Needs of Men and Women
- Remote gender mainstreaming Approach
- Increase Womens participation in energy sector
62 Gender and ICT
Gender and communication focused on three broad issues
1) The equitable access of women and womens organizations
2) Women access to professional careers and decision making positions
3) Portrayals of women reinforcing or changing stereotype
ICT as tools for womens Right to development
63 Gender Local Governance 64 Criteria for good gender-sensitive governance
Participation Equal participation in government institutions processes freedom space for an active womens movement
Transparency Equity in resources allocation
Legitimacy Legislation for gender equality promotion protection of womens rights
To increase womens participation in politics and civic engagement
To strengthen gender-awareness capacities among both F M politicians civil servants
To deliver services that address specific needs interests of women men in community which requires engendered economic development planning allocation of resources
To create awareness of women s rights
66 Reasons for Women Participation in Politics
Justice Women are ½ the society and should contribute to decision-making bodies. Society without women in the political system is unjust. Women shall be locally elected.
Efficiency A political system that doesnt exploit both women mens experiences and resources is inefficient.
Diversity Women have different political interests (allocating local resources water fuel electricity) and can change political agenda (child care reproductive rights violence against women...). Men dont automatically represent women interests.
Changing the political system More women in political system may have major benefits for society (women are less likely than men to behave opportunistically). Women led to better democracy transparency improved governance. (Survey of Inter-Parliamentary Union).
67 Barriers
Individual factors individual characteristics favoring political participation. Most women lack confidence in their political capabilities. Lower level of education professional experience income time are disadvantages to women.
Institutional factors related to society norms values Women lack support from families husbands. Limited access to leadership managerial skills female models mentors. Religious patriarchal culture excluding women from public life. Lack of gender balanced policies women organizations to support the elected ones.
Institutional factors related to political system
Registration procedures Norms prevent women from taking photos for voter registration cards or show their face to male officers.
Voting procedures Women might be controlled by their husbands and have less accessibility to polling stations
State education Women are less informed about electoral process meaning of elections and right to vote.
68 Increasing Women Participation
Legislation legal rights
International conventions
Civic voters education
Awareness
Electoral system and access to voting
Capacity building to candidates
Networks
Partnerships
Conference and seminars
Influence of civil society
Support NGOs that organize support to women candidates and lobby for change in electoral system
Database and access to information
Moral support
Gender audit and budget
Engendering local governments
Media and communication
Publications and documentation
69 Common Legal Issues for Women
Equality human civil political rights
Forced or premature marriage heading families child custody guardianship divorce
Women endemic diseases health entitlements reproductive health
Unequal pay working conditions job discrimination social security maternity benefits protective legislation
Land access ownership control of property inheritance credit
Rape other forms of violence prostitution
Constitutional
Family
Health
Labor
Economic
Violence and exploitation
70
Gender Poverty
71 GovernanceOperational Definition
System of values policies and institutions to manage societys affairs
Various definitions of governance
UN USAID DFID EC social and political aspects (participatory democracy)
WB and IMF economic governance (public sector efficiency)
For UNDP Food scarcity doesnt alone explain famines but absence of a free press and multi-party democracy (Amartya Sen 1998)
72 Governance Indicators
A measure of status of governance
Levels of governance indicators
Input/commitment level
Process/responsibility level
Output/performance level
73 Gender-Sensitive Indicators
Engender data in which differences between men and women are taken into account
Governance indicators should consider differences between men and women at every stage
Focus on gender equality to bridge the gap between de facto and de jure
When development is not en-gendered it is en-dangered
Goal 3 in the MDGs is gender-sensitive - MDGs
74 Poverty and Gender
Feminization of Poverty
Women have a higher incidence of poverty than men
Their poverty is more severe
Trend of greater poverty particularly associated with FHHs
A need to consider differences in accessing income resources and services
75
Gender NHDR
76 Components
The worldwide trends towards achieving gender equality.
The international and global commitments on gender equality.
The gender and human development (GHD) approach.
Specific steps on producing NHDR focusing on mainstreaming gender
77 Introduction
Gender Thematic Guidance Note
Draws on the conceptual frameworks of human development and gender outlined in global HDR UNDPs strategy and global commitments regarding gender equality.
Examines NHDRs addressing the issue of gender equality within the human development perspective.
78 Challenges to achieve Gender Equality
There have been profound changes in the status and role of women over the recent decades as noted during the Beijing5.
There has been also a recognition and a growing awareness regarding the place of men in gender and human development paradigm.
79 The International Commitments
Challenges associated with issues related to gender equality remains despite of the international conventions global agreements and the national constitutional laws affirming the right of all people to be free of gender discrimination.
Member countries of the United Nations have committed to various international platforms and goals.
80 Gender in the GHDR
UNDP developed a theoretical frameworks and concrete tools to both further the understanding of the interrelationship between gender equality and human development and to support countries in redressing gender inequalities
81 Gender Mainstreaming
The process of assessing the implications for women and men of any planned action including legislation policies or programmes in all areas at all levels. It is a strategy for making womens as well as mens concerns and experiences an integral dimension of the design implementation monitoring and evaluation of policies and programmes in all political economic and societal spheres so that women and men benefit equally and inequality is not perpetuated.
82 Gender and NHDR process
DOC (4) Presentation TA.pdf
83 Thank You
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