Lake Titicaca - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 24
About This Presentation
Title:

Lake Titicaca

Description:

... in Inner Puno Bay with spatial reference to an area of water polluted with wastewater. ... Inner Puno Bay. Area of Interest. Sampling conducted. On 21 sites ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:597
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 25
Provided by: blake5
Category:
Tags: lake | titicaca

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: Lake Titicaca


1
Lake Titicaca
  • Blake Brown
  • 3-29-07

2
What is Discussed
  • Where is Lake Titicaca
  • What is a management issue related to Lake
    Titicaca
  • Discuss a case study that analyzes decomposition
    rates with response to sewage pollution and
    location

3
Lake Titicaca South America
Lake Titicaca
4
Lake Titicaca
5
Ramis River
Puno Bay
Lake Titicaca
Mean Depth 107m Maximum Depth 284m Surface
Area 8,300 sq. km Altitude 3,182m Volume
893 billion cubic m Basin Area 150,000 sq.
km (Titicaca-Desaguadero-Poopo-Coipasa Basin)
Rio Desguadero
6
Management Issue
  • One of the Water Management issues of Lake
    Titicaca is the WATER BUDGET
  • Water allocation and use
  • Types
  • Environmental
  • Social
  • Economic
  • Hydrological
  • The Water Budget is an international Issue
    between Peru and Bolivia

7
Water Budget
  • Largest freshwater lake in S.A. highest of
    worlds large lakes
  • Lake altitude brings with it Low humidity, low
    air pressure, and high radiation levels.
  • Causing a large amount of evaporation
  • Population concentrations around Lake Titicaca
    affect the amount of water use as well.

8
Water Budget
  • Significant drops in Lake level could have
    detrimental effects on salt marsh and wetland
    ecosystems
  • Ways for Improvement
  • Improved stakeholder participation
  • -i.e. improved education, lowering poverty
    level, involvement with issues
  • Related to the water
  • International fund raising
  • -recommended to overcome limitations due to
    national poverty

9
Intro to Case Study
  • Spatial Variability of the decomposition rate of
    Schoenoplectus tatora in a polluted area of Lake
    Titicaca
  • Costantini, Maria Letizia
  • -University of Rome-Dept. of Genetics and
    Molecular Biology

10
What is being Analyzed
  • The decomposition of Schoenoplectus tatora in
    Inner Puno Bay with spatial reference to an area
    of water polluted with wastewater.
  • Tatora is one of the most abundant macrophytes in
    Inner Puno Bay
  • Tatora is harvested for cattle fodder, for
    roofing, handicrafts, rafts, and island
    construction.
  • Inner Puno Bay makes up 2.1of the Lake and is
    one of the most vulnerable areas of the lake.

11
Tatora
12
  • Decomposition
  • Depends on biotic and abiotic factors
  • Makes very sensitive to water pollution
  • Effects the release of nutrients for use by
    Primary producers
  • Micro-organisms and detritivores play key role
  • Goals
  • -Measure the decomposition rate taking into
    account critical env. factors such as temp.,
    dissolved O2, pH, wave action, depth, and sources
    of pollution
  • -to map the decomposition rate through
    geostatistics for evaluating spatial
    heterogeneity in the water body as a tool for the
    future management of this ecosystem

13
Inner Puno Bay
Area of Interest
Sampling conducted On 21 sites with litter bags
14
Data Collection
  • 21 sampling sites chosen randomly from a 400 sq m
    grid in Inner Puno Bay
  • Each site with 6 litterbags anchored
  • 3 UP (unprotected) with 7mm mesh nets
  • 3 P (protected) with 0.1mm mesh nets
  • With one of each removed at 7,28,and 56d
  • Used dried Tatora, Brown fragments 15cm long in
    bundles that had a mass of 10g(0.005 variance)
  • Litterbags pulled out and then weighed using AFDM
    (Ash Free Dry Mass)
  • pH, temp., dissolved O2, water transparency,
    effective fetch and pollution source location all
    analyzed at time of collection

15
Data Analysis
  • Data analyzed through simple exponential model
    and the composite exponential model.
  • Half-life, time necessary for detritus mass to
    reduce 50 was used to show regression
  • Semivariograms were also conducted to show
    geographical distance between sites.
  • Geostatistical data performed through GS version
    5.1.1

16
Results
17
Results
  • Three Principle components
  • 1) pH, Water transparency, and fetch (46.8)
  • 2) Invertebrate abundance and water depth
    (24.3)
  • 3) Water temp and Dissolved O2 (14.9)

18
Results
  • Animal Effects
  • -UP-4 species of Amphipods 4 taxa
  • of mollusks
  • -Amphipods dominant (90)
  • Difference between UP and P litterbags decreased
    with increased animal abundance.

19
Results
20
Spatial variance
21
Conclusions
  • Tatora decomposed slowly, but the mass loss rate
    increased with increasing water temperature and
    at high invertebrate density
  • Mass loss rates were spatially auto-correlated
    and their spatial distribution showed
    functionally heterogeneous areas within the Inner
    Puno Bay.

22
Conclusions
  • The half life differed, but a greater variance
    was seen further away from the waste water sewage
    pollution sources
  • Variations were also higher when tatora was
    exposed to invertebrate feeding and wave action

23
What you should know
  • Where Lake Titicaca is located.
  • What a Water Budget is and that the Peruvian and
    Bolivian governments are working together with
    lake management.
  • What affects decomposition of Schoenoplectus
    tatora in Lake Titicaca

24
References
  • Consantini, M.L., Sabetta, L., Mancinelli, G.,
    Rossi, L. 2003 Spatial variability
  • Of the decomposition rate of Schoenoplectus
    Tatora in a polluted area of
  • Lake Titicaca. Journal of Tropical Ecology
    (2004) Cambridge U Press.
  • Global Nature Fund. 2002. http//www.globalnatur
    e.org/docs/02_vorlage.asp?id19504domid1011s p
    Eaddlastidm111089m211103m311178m419440m
    51950 4. Last updated 3/22/07.
  • Revollo, M. F., SERECO. La Paz, Bolivia.
    Experience and Lessons Learned Brief
  • Lake Titicaca. Maximo Laiberman Cruz (p.
    378-387).
  • Revollo, Mario M. (2001). Management Issues in
    the Lake Titicaca and Lake Poopo System
    Importance of developing a Water Budget. Lakes
    and ReservoirsResearch and Mangement. Volume
    6, Isuue 3, p225-229 Sept. 2001.
  • Ronteltap, Mariska. Management Efforts at Lake
    Titicaca. The Science and Politics of
    International Freshwater Management. SS 2004 and
    WS 2004/05.
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com