Dementia: Treatment and Management

1
Abida Zameer M.D.(Obgyn)Preventing Neural Tube
Defect by Nutraceuticals
Ajmal Khan Tibbiya College Aligarh Muslim
University Aligarh,india
2
Birth defects affect about 1,20,000 babies born
in the United States each year. Birth
defects account for more than 20 of infant
death and contribute substantially to life-long
disabilities .

3
Causes

• The causes of about 70 of all birth defects are
  unknown. Various occupational hazards, dietary
  factors, medications, personal habits, and
  environmental exposures may contribute to birth
  defects, but many questions remain about the
  exact nature of their influence.

4
Neural Tube Defect (NTD)

• Neural tube defects (NTDs) are one of the most
  common birth defects. NTDs result when the neural
  tube (which includes the spinal cord and brain)
  fails to close during the first month of
  embryonic development. NTDs include several
  disorders ranging from spina bifida (incomplete
  closure of the bones around the spinal cord that
  can lead to paralysis) to a lack of a cranium
  (the bones of the head) and its contents, called
  anencephaly.

5
When do neural tube defects occur?
6
Factors increasing the risks of NTD

• Race/ethnicity/geographical location NTDs are
  more common among women of certain Hispanic
  subpopulations, and among population groups in
  Ireland, China, and the United Kingdom.
• Use of anti-seizure medications
• Maternal insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
• Maternal obesity
• Maternal hyperthermia (i.e., exposure to high
  temperatures early in pregnancy, such as hot tub
  use or high fever)
• Previous NTD-affected pregnancy

7
Good news!

• 400 micrograms of folic acid every day lowers
  the risk of NTDs by 50 to 70!

8
What are Nutraceuticals

• "Food, or parts of food, that provide medical or
  health benefits, including the prevention and
  treatment of disease."

9
Nutraceutical Categories

• Dietary Supplements including botanicals
• Vitamins, minerals, co-enzyme Q, carnitine
• Gingsing, Gingko Biloba, Saint John's Wort,
  Saw Palmetto

10
Contd..

• Functional Foods
• Oats, bran, psyllium and lignin's for heart
  disease and colon cancer
• Prebiotics - oligofructose for control of
  intestinal flora
• Omega-3 milk in prevention of heart disease
• Canola oil with lowered triglycerides for
  cholesterol reduction

11
Let food be thy medicine, and the medicine be
thy food- Hippocrate
Nearly 2/3rd of the worlds 6.1 billion
people rely on the healing power of plant based
materials for many reasons- availability,
affordability, or their belief in traditional
cures.
12
Nutraceuticals containing folate

• 1 medium fruit 116 mcg) PAPAYA

13
Orange Juice (1 cup 72 mcg)

14
Snow Peas(1 cup cooked 56 mcg)
15
Broccoli(1/2 cup cooked 84 mcg)
16
Asparagus(4 spears cooked 89 mcg)
17
Lentils(½ cup cooked 179 mcg)
18
Spinach(1 cup cooked 263 mcg)
19
Edamame(1 cup cooked 200 mcg)
20
Preventive Care

• The United States Public Health Service
  recommends that "All women of childbearing age
  in the United States who are capable of becoming
  pregnant should consume 0.4 mg of folic acid per
  day for the purpose of reducing their risk of
  having a pregnancy affected with spina bifida or
  other neural tube defects." Folic acid is a "B"
  vitamin that can be found in such foods as
  cereals, broccoli, spinach, corn and others, and
  also as a vitamin supplement

21
(No Transcript)