Education in the Peoples Republic of China Duncan Hamshere UK NARIC

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Education in the Peoples Republic of
ChinaDuncan Hamshere UK NARIC
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Session Overview

• UK NARIC and China
• Development of Education
• The National Examination
• Higher Education
• Normal System
• Adult System
• Chinese Documentation

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UK NARIC and China

• Study visits
• 2001
• 2005
• 2006
• Agreements
• Publications

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China Publications
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The Provinces of China

• Population 1.3 billion
• GDP ranked Worlds 5th in 2005
• Land mass of 9.6 million SKM

• Language Mandarin, other dialects (eg
  Cantonese) andminority languages (eg
  KoreanMongolian, Uighur)

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Development of the Present Education System

• The Influence of Soviet Ideology
• The Cultural Revolution and its aftermath
• The 1980 degree regulation and the establishment
  of the Academic Degree Committee of the State
  Council of China (ADCSC)
• The 1986 Compulsory Education Act
• The National College Entrance Examination System
  (NCEE)
• The government reshuffle and major structural
  changes to Higher Education Institutions

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Pre- and Post- 1998 Structural Reform of Higher
Education

• Adjustment
• Co-operation between Public and Private Sector
• Joint Establishments
• Mergers

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Form of changes

• Change of administrative structure 375 under
  new management
• Merger of institutions under central
  administration (MoE) 72 national HEIs
• Merger of institutions under local
  administration 650 merged into 257 new HEIs
• Similar changes to adult learning and private
  (minban) institutions

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The National College Entrance Examination (NCEE)

• The National Examination post 2003
• Known as the 3 X system (as opposed to the old
  32 system)
• Student now take English, Mathematics and Chinese
  as compulsory subjects and generally two or three
  further subjects according to the area of
  specialization.
• There has been a shift in focus in the style of
  examination away from taught learning towards
  more interpretive questions.
• Compulsory subjects are scored out of 150 and the
  remaining subjects total a maximum of 300 points.
  Full mark is 750. (Hainan and Guangdong Province
  have a different grading system which is scored
  out of 900)

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Entry by groups of universities

• Degree Level
• The Pre-selection group for universities includes
  military and police universities and arts, music,
  acting, design, minor language and certain sports
  courses.
• The first group of universities for the highest
  achieving students includes prestigious
  universities and prestigious courses in other
  HEIs.
• The second group includes non-prestigious
  universities
• The third group includes fee paying/affiliating
  institutions.
• Diploma Level
• The fourth group is for those students taking
  sub-degree level awards and higher vocational
  diplomas.

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Chinese Higher Education Structure
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State Recognised Degree Titles Sub-degree Diploma

• Sub degree diplomas (Dazhuan) are available for
  students who scored lower marks in the NCEE.
• They generally last two or three years.
• These qualifications can be awarded by degree and
  non-degree awarding institutions.
• Students are only awarded a graduation
  certificate on completion.

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State Recognised Degree Titles

• Bachelors degrees
• Bachelor degree courses are offered at
  universities, specialised institutes and
  academies.
• Courses normally last four years (five years for
  medicine and architecture).
• The Academic Degree Committee of the State
  Council of China (ADCSC) decides on the content
  of degree programmes. Core modules and subject
  specific competences are decided on by the MOE.
  Universities do have some autonomy in the
  representation of these and some optional courses
  are available.
• Masters degrees
• Generally Masters last between two and three
  years, depending on subject specialism.
• Masters degrees are carried out as further
  specialisation of undergraduate degrees and
  always contain a research element.
• Advanced Programmes are often devised from
  standard Masters degree programmes.
• Doctorates
• Doctoral studies last three years under
  recognised supervision.
• Degree awarding powers and subject areas are
  determined by the state

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Bachelor degree certificate
Bachelor Degree
Standard Bachelor degree
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Defining Prestigious Institutions

• Universities under direct Ministry of Education
  Control
• PLA (Peoples Liberation Army) Institutions
• Project 211 Universities
• Project 985 Universities
• University ranking
• Subject ranking
• Chinese Academy of Sciences
• Affiliated colleges

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Adult education

• Adult Learning Institutions
• Forms of adult education
• Self Taught Examinations
• Television and Radio
• Adult Education
• Other Adult Education (Communist Party Schools)

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Television and Radio
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Other Awards

• Joint Overseas programmes
• Private Higher Education