Health Science Education Center

1
Welcome to the
Teach Epidemiology
Professional Development Workshop
Health Science Education Center Clarion
University, January 7-9, 2009
2
Orientation

Teach Epidemiology
3
Enduring Understandings
Enduring Epidemiological Understandings
To understand something as a specific instance of
a more general case
is to have learned not only a specific thing
but also a model for
understanding other things like it that one may
encounter.
will
Jerome Bruner, The Process of Education, 1960
Teach Epidemiology
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Enduring Understandings
Enduring Epidemiological Understandings
Teach Epidemiology
5
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6
Understandings 7-9

Teach Epidemiology
7
Enduring Understandings
Enduring Epidemiological Understandings
Teach Epidemiology
8
Enduring Understandings
Enduring Epidemiological Understandings
Teach Epidemiology
9
Enduring Understandings
Enduring Epidemiological Understandings
Teach Epidemiology
10
Enduring Understandings
Enduring Epidemiological Understandings
Teach Epidemiology
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12
Epidemiology
Teach Epidemiology
13
Associated
Association Found
Between Coffee and Pancreatic Cancer
Teach Epidemiology
14
Associated
Tied
Related
Associated
Linked
What do we mean when we say that there is an
association between two things?
Things that are associatedare linked in some way

that makes them turn up together.
Teach Epidemiology
15
Things that turn up together
Things that are associated are linked in some way

that makes them turn up together.
The Science of Public Health Epidemiology
16
Associated
Things that are associated are linked in some way

that makes them turn up together.
Teach Epidemiology
17
Associated
Smoking Linked to Youth Eating Disorders
Suicide Higher in Areas with Guns
Family Meals Are Good for
Mental Health
No Outcome
Study Concludes Movies Influence
Youth Smoking
Study Links Iron
Deficiency to Math
Scores
Outcome
a
b
Exposure
c
d
Lack of High School Diploma Tied to
US Death Rate
Study Links Spanking
to Aggression
No Exposure
Depressed Teens More Likely to Smoke
Snacks Key to Kids TV- Linked Obesity China
Study
Breakfast Each Day May Keep Colds Away
Pollution Linked with Birth Defects in US Study
Kids Who Watch R-Rated Movies More Likely to
Drink, Smoke
Teach Epidemiology
18
Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
Suicide Higher in Areas with Guns
Family Meals Are Good for
Mental Health
Cause
1.
Confounding
2.
Study Concludes Movies Influence
Youth Smoking
Study Links Iron
Deficiency to Math
Scores
Bias
3.
Chance
4.
Depressed Teens More Likely to Smoke
Lack of High School Diploma Tied to
US Death Rate
Reverse Time Order
5.
Snacks Key to Kids TV- Linked Obesity China
Study
Study Links Spanking
to Aggression
Teach Epidemiology
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20
Explaining Associations and Judging Causality
Cause
A factor that produces a change in another factor
William A. Oleckno, Essential Epidemiology
Principles and Applications, Waveland Press, 2002.
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Explaining Associations and Judging Causality
Teach Epidemiology
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Explaining Associations and Judging Causality
Teach Epidemiology
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Explaining Associations and Judging Causality
Diagram
2x2 Table
DZ
DZ
X
a
b
c
d
X
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Cause Types of Causal Relationships
Diagram
2x2 Table
DZ
DZ
X
a
b
c
d
X
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Cause
Handout
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Cause Necessary and Sufficient
Diagram
2x2 Table
DZ
DZ
X
X
a
b
c
d
X
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Cause Necessary but Not Sufficient
Diagram
2x2 Table
DZ
DZ
X
X
a
b
c
d
X
Teach Epidemiology
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Cause Not Necessary but Sufficient
Diagram
2x2 Table
DZ
DZ
X
X
X
a
b
c
d
X
Teach Epidemiology
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Cause Not Necessary and Not Sufficient
Diagram
2x2 Table
DZ
DZ
X
X
a
b
c
d
X
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Cause
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Cause
a bc d
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Cause
a bc d
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Enduring Understandings
Enduring Epidemiological Understandings
Teach Epidemiology
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Enduring Understandings
Enduring Epidemiological Understandings
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Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
Suicide Higher in Areas with Guns
Family Meals Are Good for
Mental Health
Cause
1.
2.
Study Concludes Movies Influence
Youth Smoking
Study Links Iron
Deficiency to Math
Scores
3.
4.
Depressed Teens More Likely to Smoke
Lack of High School Diploma Tied to
US Death Rate
5.
Snacks Key to Kids TV- Linked Obesity China
Study
Study Links Spanking
to Aggression
Association is not necessarily causation.
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Cause
Teach Epidemiology
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Understandings 7-9

Teach Epidemiology
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Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
Suicide Higher in Areas with Guns
Family Meals Are Good for
Mental Health
Cause
1.
Confounding
2.
Study Concludes Movies Influence
Youth Smoking
Study Links Iron
Deficiency to Math
Scores
3.
4.
Depressed Teens More Likely to Smoke
Lack of High School Diploma Tied to
US Death Rate
5.
Snacks Key to Kids TV- Linked Obesity China
Study
Study Links Spanking
to Aggression
Association is not necessarily causation.
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40
Ties, Links, Relationships, and Associations
Handout
Center
on Addition and Substance Abuse column
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Ties, Links, Relationships, and Associations
Outcome
2x2 Table
No Outcome
Outcome
a
b
Exposure
c
d
Exposure
No Exposure
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Ties, Links, Relationships, and Associations
The study establishes a clear progression that
begins with gateway drugs and leads to cocaine
use.
If we can keep our children and teens from
smoking, drinking and using marijuana, then we
can go a long way towards preventing the use of
all dangerous drugs.
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Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
Confounding
A situation in which a non-causal association
between a given exposure and an outcome is
observed as a result of the influence of a third,
unobserved, factor, called a confounder.
The confounder is both associated with the
observed exposure and is a cause of the outcome.
Moyses Szklo and F. Javier Nieto, Epidemiology
Beyond the Basics, Aspen Publishers, 2000.
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Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
Confounder
Cocaine
Tobacco Alcohol Marijuana
Teach Epidemiology
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Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
Confounder
Limited Adult Supervision
Cocaine
Tobacco Alcohol Marijuana
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Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
Confounder
Willingness to Do Something Illegal
Cocaine
Tobacco Alcohol Marijuana
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Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
Confounder
Poor Self-Control
Cocaine
Tobacco Alcohol Marijuana
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Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
Confounder
Poor Social Skills
Cocaine
Tobacco Alcohol Marijuana
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Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
Confounder
Depression
Cocaine
Tobacco Alcohol Marijuana
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Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
If the association was found due to confounding,
.
found due to confounding, .
?
Cocaine
Tobacco Alcohol Marijuana
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Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
Sequence is not consequence.
Teach Epidemiology
52
Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
Confounding
A situation in which a non-causal association
between a given exposure and an outcome is
observed as a result of the influence of a third,
unobserved, factor, called a confounder.
The confounder is both associated with the
observed exposure and is a cause of the outcome.
Moyses Szklo and F. Javier Nieto, Epidemiology
Beyond the Basics, Aspen Publishers, 2000.
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Hypothetical Study
No Cocaine
Risk
Relative Risk
Cocaine
Total
775
Marijuana
775
9,225
10,000
7.75
10,000
a b c d
4.08
190
No Marijuana
190
9,810
10,000
1.9
10,000
20,000
Adolescents who smoked marijuana were 4 times as
likely to have used cocaine
than adolescents who had not
smoked marijuana.
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Hypothetical Study - Stratification
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Hypothetical Study - Stratification
4.08
4.08
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Hypothetical Study - Stratification
1.00
1.00
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Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
Suicide Higher in Areas with Guns
Family Meals Are Good for
Mental Health
Cause
1.
Confounding
2.
Study Concludes Movies Influence
Youth Smoking
Study Links Iron
Deficiency to Math
Scores
3.
4.
Depressed Teens More Likely to Smoke
Lack of High School Diploma Tied to
US Death Rate
5.
Snacks Key to Kids TV- Linked Obesity China
Study
Study Links Spanking
to Aggression
Association is not necessarily causation.
Teach Epidemiology
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59
Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
Suicide Higher in Areas with Guns
Family Meals Are Good for
Mental Health
Cause
1.
Confounding
2.
Study Concludes Movies Influence
Youth Smoking
Study Links Iron
Deficiency to Math
Scores
Bias
3.
4.
Depressed Teens More Likely to Smoke
Lack of High School Diploma Tied to
US Death Rate
5.
Snacks Key to Kids TV- Linked Obesity China
Study
Study Links Spanking
to Aggression
Association is not necessarily causation.
Teach Epidemiology
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Bias
Any systematic error
in the design,
conduct, or analysis of a study
that results in a mistaken estimate
of an
exposures effect on the risk of the outcome
Leon Gordis, Epidemiology, 3rd Edition, Elsevier
Saunders, 2004.
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Bias
No Outcome
Risks of Outcome
Relative Risk
Total
Outcome

90
10
or
b
a
?
d
c
90
10

or
Any systematic error
in the design,
conduct, or analysis of a study
that results in a mistaken estimate
of an
exposures effect on the risk of the outcome.
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Bias
1. Selection Bias
Error due to systematic differences in
characteristics between those who
take part in a study
and those who do not.
2. Information Bias
A flaw in measuring exposure or outcome data
that results in different quality
of data
between comparison groups.
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Bias
No Outcome
Risks of Outcome
Relative Risk
Total
Outcome

90
10
or
b
a
5
d
c
90
10

or
Any systematic error
in the design,
conduct, or analysis of a study
that results in a mistaken estimate
of an
exposures effect on the risk of the outcome.
Teach Epidemiology
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Bias
No Outcome
Risks of Outcome
Relative Risk
Total
Outcome

90
10
or
b
a
5
d
c
90
10

or
Any systematic error
in the design,
conduct, or analysis of a study
that results in a mistaken estimate
of an
exposures effect on the risk of the outcome.
Teach Epidemiology
65
Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
Suicide Higher in Areas with Guns
Family Meals Are Good for
Mental Health
Cause
1.
Confounding
2.
Study Concludes Movies Influence
Youth Smoking
Study Links Iron
Deficiency to Math
Scores
Bias
3.
4.
Depressed Teens More Likely to Smoke
Lack of High School Diploma Tied to
US Death Rate
5.
Snacks Key to Kids TV- Linked Obesity China
Study
Study Links Spanking
to Aggression
Association is not necessarily causation.
Teach Epidemiology
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67
Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
Suicide Higher in Areas with Guns
Family Meals Are Good for
Mental Health
Cause
1.
Confounding
2.
Study Concludes Movies Influence
Youth Smoking
Study Links Iron
Deficiency to Math
Scores
Bias
3.
Chance
4.
Depressed Teens More Likely to Smoke
Lack of High School Diploma Tied to
US Death Rate
5.
Snacks Key to Kids TV- Linked Obesity China
Study
Study Links Spanking
to Aggression
Association is not necessarily causation.
Teach Epidemiology
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Chance
Population
All the people in a particular group
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Chance
Deck of 100 cards
Teach Epidemiology
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Chance
Teach Epidemiology
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Chance
Total
a
b


c
d
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Chance
Population
Total


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Chance
Total



Total
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Chance


Total
Risk
25 / 50 or 50
25 / 50 or 50
Teach Epidemiology
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Chance


Total
Relative Risk
25 / 50 or 50
50
____
25 / 50 or 50
50
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Chance
Teach Epidemiology
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Chance
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Chance
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Chance
Sample of 20 cards
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Chance
Sample of 20 cards
Total
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Chance
Sample of 20 cards
Total
5 / 10 or 50
5 / 10 or 50
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Chance
Sample of 20 cards
Total
Risk
5 / 10 or 50
50
____
5 / 10 or 50
50
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Chance
By Chance
Total
___

Teach Epidemiology
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Chance
How many students picked a sample with 5 people
in each cell?
No Marijuana
No Marijuana
Total
Risk
Relative Risk
10
5
5
5 / 10 or 50
Odd
50
____
10
5
5
5 / 10 or 50
50
Even
By Chance
Teach Epidemiology
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Chance
Relative Risks
Less than 1
Greater than 1
Less than 1
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Chance
Study Links Having an Odd Address to Marijuana Use
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Chance
Relative Risks
Less than 1
Greater than 1
Less than 1
Teach Epidemiology
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Chance
Study Links Having an Even Address to Marijuana
Use
Teach Epidemiology
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Chance
Relative Risks
Greater than 1
Less than 1
Teach Epidemiology
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Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
Suicide Higher in Areas with Guns
Family Meals Are Good for
Mental Health
Cause
1.
Confounding
2.
Study Concludes Movies Influence
Youth Smoking
Study Links Iron
Deficiency to Math
Scores
Bias
3.
Chance
4.
Depressed Teens More Likely to Smoke
Lack of High School Diploma Tied to
US Death Rate
5.
Snacks Key to Kids TV- Linked Obesity China
Study
Study Links Spanking
to Aggression
Association is not necessarily causation.
Teach Epidemiology
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92
Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
Suicide Higher in Areas with Guns
Family Meals Are Good for
Mental Health
Cause
1.
Confounding
2.
Study Concludes Movies Influence
Youth Smoking
Study Links Iron
Deficiency to Math
Scores
Bias
3.
Chance
4.
Depressed Teens More Likely to Smoke
Lack of High School Diploma Tied to
US Death Rate
Reverse Time Order
5.
Snacks Key to Kids TV- Linked Obesity China
Study
Study Links Spanking
to Aggression
Association is not necessarily causation.
Teach Epidemiology
93
Reverse Time Order
A situation
in
which the hypothesized time order
of an exposure and an
outcome is reversed and
the outcome actually came before the exposure.
Teach Epidemiology
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Reverse Time Order
Controlled Trial
Case-Control Study
Time
Time
Cohort Study
Cross-Sectional Study
Time
Time
Teach Epidemiology
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Reverse Time Order
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Reverse Time Order
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Reverse Time Order
Violent Video Games
Violent Video Games Can Increase Aggression
Cross Sectional Study
No Violent Video Games
Playing violent video games often may well cause
increases in aggressive behavior.
It could be that highly aggressive individuals
are especially attracted to violent video games.
Aggression
No Aggression
Violent Video Games
Aggression
Time
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98
Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
Suicide Higher in Areas with Guns
Family Meals Are Good for
Mental Health
Cause
1.
Confounding
2.
Study Concludes Movies Influence
Youth Smoking
Study Links Iron
Deficiency to Math
Scores
Bias
3.
Chance
4.
Depressed Teens More Likely to Smoke
Lack of High School Diploma Tied to
US Death Rate
Reverse Time Order
5.
Snacks Key to Kids TV- Linked Obesity China
Study
Study Links Spanking
to Aggression
Association is not necessarily causation.
Teach Epidemiology
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100
the control of health problems.
... the study of the distribution and
determinants of health-related states or events
in specified populations and the application of
this study to the control of health
problems.   (Gordis, 2004)
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101
Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
If an association was causal, .
?
Outcome
Hypothesized Exposure
X
Teach Epidemiology
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Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
If the association was found due to confounding,
.
?
Outcome
Hypothesized Exposure
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Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
If an association was found due to reversed
time-order, .
?
Hypothesized Exposure
Outcome
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Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
If an association was found due to chance, .
found due to chance, .
?
Outcome
Hypothesized Exposure
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Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
If an association was found due to bias, .
found due to bias, .
?
Outcome
Hypothesized Exposure
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Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
... the study of the distribution and
determinants of health-related states or events
in specified populations and the application of
this study to the control of health problems.
Teach Epidemiology
107
Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
1.
Cause
2.
Confounding
3.
Bias
Chance
4.
5.
Reverse Time Order
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109
Break

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111
Understandings 7-9

Teach Epidemiology
112
Enduring Understandings
Enduring Epidemiological Understandings
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113
The Weight of the Evidence
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114
Ties, Links, Relationships, and Associations
Suicide Higher in Areas with Guns
Family Meals Are Good for
Mental Health
1.
Cause
Study Concludes Movies Influence
Youth Smoking
Study Links Iron
Deficiency to Math
Scores
2.
Confounding
Coffee and Pancreatic Cancer Handouts
Lack of High School Diploma Tied to
US Death Rate
Study Links Spanking
to Aggression
3.
Reverse Time Order
Chance
4.
Depressed Teens More Likely to Smoke
Snacks Key to Kids TV- Linked Obesity China
Study
5.
Bias
Pollution Linked with Birth Defects in US Study
Kids Who Watch R-Rated Movies More Likely to
Drink, Smoke
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115
4 Basic Study Designs
Controlled Trial
Case-Control Study
Time
Time
Cohort Study
Cross-Sectional Study
Time
Time
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Associated
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Possible Explanations for Finding an Association
1.
Cause
2.
Confounding
3.
Bias
Chance
4.
5.
Reverse Time Order
Teach Epidemiology
118
the control of health problems.
... the study of the distribution and
determinants of health-related states or events
in specified populations and the application of
this study to the control of health
problems.   (Gordis, 2004)
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119
Weighing the Evidence
Does evidence from an aggregate of studies
support a cause-effect relationship?
Guilt or Innocence?
Causal or Not Causal?
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120
Weighing the Evidence
Association Found
Between Coffee and Pancreatic Cancer
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121
Weighing the Evidence
Sir Austin Bradford Hill
The Environment and Disease
Association or Causation?
Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine
January 14, 1965
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122
Cause-Effect Criteria Questions
Does evidence from an aggregate of studies
support a cause-effect relationship?
  1.   What is the strength of the association
between the risk factor and the disease? 2.  
Can a biological gradient be demonstrated? 3.  
Is the finding consistent? Has it been
replicated by others in other places? 4.   Have
studies established that the risk factor precedes
the disease? 5.   Is the risk factor associated
with one disease or many different
diseases? 6.   Is the new finding coherent with
earlier knowledge about the risk factor and the
m disease? 7.   Are the implications of the
observed findings biological sensible? 8.   Is
there experimental evidence, in humans or
animals, in which the disease has m been
produced by controlled administration of the risk
factor?
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Weighing the Evidence
Stress causes ulcers.
Helicobacter pylori causes ulcers.
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124
Weighing the Evidence
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125
Weighing the Evidence
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Enduring Understandings
Enduring Epidemiological Understandings
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127
Enduring Understandings
Enduring Epidemiological Understandings
Essential Questions
Why did the exposure and the outcome turn up
together?
Is the association causal?
Teach Epidemiology
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129
Teaching Preparation

Teach Epidemiology
130
Teaching Existing Epidemiology Lessons
Confounding
Weighing the Evidence
Concept Connections
Teach Epidemiology
131
Teaching Existing Epidemiology Lessons
As a group, prepare to teach epidemiology,
using
an assigned portion of an existing lesson,
to your fellow
workshop participants.
Have workshop participants
experience at least a portion
of the lesson.
Be sure to begin and end your lesson
by referring
to the appropriate enduring understanding.
Prepare to lead a discussion
with workshop
participants about your thinking as you prepared
to teach that part of the unit.
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132
Teaching Existing Epidemiology Lessons
Metacognition
They can then use that ability to think about
their own thinking to grasp
how other people might learn.
They know what
has to come first,
and they can
distinguish between foundational concepts
and elaborations or
illustrations of those ideas. They realize
where people are likely to face
difficulties developing
their own comprehension,
and
they can use that understanding
to
simplify and clarify complex topics for others,
tell the right story, or raise a powerfully
provocative question. Ken Bain, What the Best
College Teachers Do
Teach Epidemiology
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134
Lunch

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136
Lesson 1

Teach Epidemiology
137
Teaching Existing Epidemiology Lessons

Confounding
Weighing the Evidence
Concept Connections
Teach Epidemiology
138
Teaching Existing Epidemiology Lessons
Metacognition
They can then use that ability to think about
their own thinking to grasp
how other people might learn.
They know what
has to come first,
and they can
distinguish between foundational concepts
and elaborations or
illustrations of those ideas. They realize
where people are likely to face
difficulties developing
their own comprehension,
and
they can use that understanding
to
simplify and clarify complex topics for others,
tell the right story, or raise a powerfully
provocative question. Ken Bain, What the Best
College Teachers Do
Teach Epidemiology
139
(No Transcript)
140
Lesson 2

Teach Epidemiology
141
Teaching Existing Epidemiology Lessons

Confounding
Weighing the Evidence
Concept Connections
Teach Epidemiology
142
Teaching Existing Epidemiology Lessons
Metacognition
They can then use that ability to think about
their own thinking to grasp
how other people might learn.
They know what
has to come first,
and they can
distinguish between foundational concepts
and elaborations or
illustrations of those ideas. They realize
where people are likely to face
difficulties developing
their own comprehension,
and
they can use that understanding
to
simplify and clarify complex topics for others,
tell the right story, or raise a powerfully
provocative question. Ken Bain, What the Best
College Teachers Do
Teach Epidemiology
143
(No Transcript)
144
Break

Teach Epidemiology
145
(No Transcript)
146
Lesson 3

Teach Epidemiology
147
Teaching Existing Epidemiology Lessons

Confounding
Weighing the Evidence
Concept Connections
Teach Epidemiology
148
Teaching Existing Epidemiology Lessons
Metacognition
They can then use that ability to think about
their own thinking to grasp
how other people might learn.
They know what
has to come first,
and they can
distinguish between foundational concepts
and elaborations or
illustrations of those ideas. They realize
where people are likely to face
difficulties developing
their own comprehension,
and
they can use that understanding
to
simplify and clarify complex topics for others,
tell the right story, or raise a powerfully
provocative question. Ken Bain, What the Best
College Teachers Do
Teach Epidemiology
149
(No Transcript)
150
Closure

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151
now that we know so much .
Teach Epidemiology
152
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153
Enduring Epidemiological Understandings
the big ideas that reside at the heart of
epidemiology and have lasting value
outside the classroom.
154
more than scientific evidence.
Acceptable Risk Considerations
YES Teaching Units Professional Development
Workshop
155
more than scientific evidence.
All scientific work is incomplete whether it be
observational or experimental.
All scientific work is liable
to be upset or modified by advancing knowledge.
That
does not confer upon us the freedom

to ignore the knowledge we already
have,
or to
postpone the action that it appears to demand at
a given time.
YES Teaching Units Professional Development
Workshop
156
Enduring Epidemiological Understandings
the big ideas that reside at the heart of
epidemiology and have lasting value
outside the classroom.
157
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158
Top 8 Reasons to Teach / Learn about Epidemiology

• 1.
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Empowers students to be scientifically literate
participants in the democratic decision-making
process concerning public health policy.
Empowers students to make more informed personal
health-related decisions. Increases students
media literacy and their understanding of public
health messages. Increases students
understanding of the basis for determining
risk. Improves students mathematical and
scientific literacy. Expands students
understanding of scientific methods and develops
their critical thinking skills. Provides
students with another mechanism for exploring
important, real world questions about their
health and the health of others. Introduces
students to an array of career paths related to
the publics health.
Teach Epidemiology
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What do you mean - Teach Epidemiology?
Teaching Existing Epidemiology Lessons
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What do you mean - Teach Epidemiology?
Teaching Existing Epidemiology Lessons
http//ccnmtl.columbia.edu/projects/epiville/
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What do you mean - Teach Epidemiology?
Teaching Existing Epidemiology Lessons
http//www.diseasedetectives.org/
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What do you mean - Teach Epidemiology?
Teaching Existing Epidemiology Lessons
http//www.cdc.gov/excite/
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What do you mean - Teach Epidemiology?
Teaching Existing Epidemiology Lessons
http//www2a.cdc.gov/epicasestudies/
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What do you mean - Teach Epidemiology?
Teaching Existing Epidemiology Lessons
http//www.cdc.gov/excite/ScienceAmbassador/Scienc
eAmbassador.htm
Teach Epidemiology
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What do you mean - Teach Epidemiology?
Teaching Existing Epidemiology Lessons
http//www.montclair.edu/Detectives/
Teach Epidemiology
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What do you mean - Teach Epidemiology?
Teaching Existing Epidemiology Lessons
http//www.montclair.edu/drugepi/
Teach Epidemiology
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What do you mean - Teach Epidemiology?
Teaching Existing Epidemiology Lessons
http//www.buffetbusters.ca/
Teach Epidemiology
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What do you mean - Teach Epidemiology?
Teaching Existing Epidemiology Lessons
http//www.collegeboard.com/yes/ft/iu/units.html
Teach Epidemiology
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What do you mean - Teach Epidemiology?
Show and Discuss Is Epidemiology in your Future?
http//www.rwjf.org/pr/product.jsp?id26931conten
t
Teach Epidemiology
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What do you mean - Teach Epidemiology?
Infuse Epidemiology into Existing Lesson
about Something Else
Teach Epidemiology
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What do you mean - Teach Epidemiology?
Infuse Epidemiology into Existing Lesson
about Something Else
Teach Epidemiology
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What do you mean - Teach Epidemiology?
Infuse Epidemiology into Existing Lesson
about Something Else
Teach Epidemiology
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What do you mean - Teach Epidemiology?
Infuse Epidemiology into Existing Lesson
about Something Else
Teach Epidemiology
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What do you mean - Teach Epidemiology?
Infuse Epidemiology into Existing Lesson
about Something Else
Teach Epidemiology
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What do you mean - Teach Epidemiology?
Infuse Epidemiology into Existing Lesson
about Something Else
Teach Epidemiology
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What do you mean - Teach Epidemiology?
Infuse Epidemiology into Existing Lesson
about Something Else
Teach Epidemiology
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What do you mean - Teach Epidemiology?
View a News Item from an Epidemiologic Perspective
http//www.nationalacademies.org/headlines/
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What do you mean - Teach Epidemiology?
Leverage the Young Epidemiology Scholars
Competition
http//www.collegeboard.com/yes/
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What do you mean - Teach Epidemiology?
Leverage the Science Olympiad Competition
http//soinc.org/
Teach Epidemiology
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What do you mean - Teach Epidemiology?
Explore Public Health Career Paths
http//www.asph.org/document.cfm?page1038
Teach Epidemiology
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What do you mean - Teach Epidemiology?
Explore Public Health Career Paths
http//pathwaystopublichealth.org/
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What do you mean - Teach Epidemiology?
Create and Teach a New Epidemiology Lesson
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Teach Epidemiology
Innovation
an idea, practice or object
that is perceived as new
by an individual
or other unit of adoption. Everett M. Rogers,
Diffusion of Innovations
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Workshop Goal
To increase the frequency with which epidemiology
is taught
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Workshop Goal
To increase the frequency with which epidemiology
is taught
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Workshop Goal
To increase the frequency with which epidemiology
is taught
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Workshop Goal
To increase the frequency with which epidemiology
is taught
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Teach Epidemiology Stories
Teach Epidemiology
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Teach Epidemiology Stories
Teach Epidemiology
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Teach Epidemiology Stories
Teach Epidemiology
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Teach Epidemiology Stories
Teach Epidemiology
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Your Teach Epidemiology Stories
Welcome to
Teach Epidemiology
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Post-Workshop Assessment
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Process Evaluation
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Welcome to the
Teach Epidemiology
Professional Development Workshop
Health Science Education Center Clarion
University, January 7-9, 2009
Thank You