Cultural Diversity

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Chapter 2

• Cultural Diversity

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Section 1 The Meaning of Culture

• What is culture ?

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• Shared products of human groups that consist of
  both physical objects and beliefs, values, and
  behaviors.

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Material culture v Nonmaterial culture

• Material culture automobiles, books, magazines,
  buildings, clothing, etc

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• Non-material beliefs, family patterns, ideas,
  language, political / economic systems, rules,
  etc

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Components of Culture

• Notes
• Culture is both learned and shared

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• All societies differ but share basic components
  of culture

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1 Technology

• The objects and the acceptable usage rules
  associated with those objects in society.

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2 Symbols

• Anything that represents something else

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3 Language

• Organization of written, spoken, and non-verbal
  symbols into a standardized system

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4 Values

• Shared beliefs about what is good / bad, right /
  wrong, desirable / undesirable

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5 Norms

• Shared rules of conduct that inform how to act in
  specific situations

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Types of Norms

• Folkways acceptable behaviors that have little
  significance if rejected

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• Mores greater moral significance

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Mores Laws
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Studying Culture

• Ethnocentrism vs
• Cultural relativism

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Ethnocentrism

• My culture is best !
• Studying through the eyes of your culture

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Cultural relativism

• Judging a culture by its own standards

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Cultural variations

• Subcultures
• Countercultures

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• Subculture

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Counterculture