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Behavior Modification

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'A psychologist first determines the reinforcers that sustain ... Playtime. Response-cost. Token system. Time-out. Time-out chair. Corner. Small room. Punishment ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Behavior Modification


1
Behavior Modification
  • By Gary Brown and
  • Amie Cullifer

2
Behavior modification is used in psychology.
  • A psychologist first determines the
    reinforcers that sustain an unwanted behavior and
    then tries to alter that behavior by reducing the
    reinforcers for the unwanted behavior and
    providing suitable reinforcers for more
    acceptable behaviors (Kalat, 217).

3
Applied to teaching by B. F. Skinner
  • The Technology of Teaching (1968)
  • Skinner stated, Education is a process where we
    arrange the educational environment to expedite
    learning.
  • And
  • Positive reinforcement, not punishment, is the
    most effective consequences to human response.

4
Behavior Modification Approach to Classroom
Management
  • Gives the teacher much control
  • Consequences approach
  • Useful in an environment where students need firm
    limits
  • ISS
  • DOP
  • CACL

5
Some ways to implement behavior modification
  • Extinction
  • Ignore
  • Reinforcement
  • Snacks
  • Toys
  • Playtime
  • Response-cost
  • Token system
  • Time-out
  • Time-out chair
  • Corner
  • Small room
  • Punishment
  • A last resort

6
Strengths
  • Easy
  • Quick results
  • Any grade
  • Expectations clear and consistent among students
  • Works with most students
  • Most effective preventing misbehavior

7
Weaknesses
  • Manipulative
  • Intervention
  • Corrective discipline
  • High maintenance
  • Continue need for reinforcers
  • Bribery
  • Factors outside teachers control
  • Students do not learn self-discipline

8
  • One mentally retarded man had a habit of
    inappropriate speech, including lewd sexual
    comments. Psychologist found that telling him
    not to say such things actually increased their
    frequency getting peoples attention was
    reinforcing. So they switched to ignoring his
    inappropriate comments and responding attentively
    to all acceptable comments. The result was
    increased appropriate and decreased inappropriate
    comments (Quoted by Kalat, 217).

9
Questions
  • Can this situation really apply to the classroom?
  • Is this a reasonable course of action to take
    with a student?

10
References
  • Scarpaci, Richard T. A Case Study Approach to
    Classroom Management. 2007.
  • Kalat, James W. Introduction to Psychology. 7th
    ed. Belmont, CA Wadsworth, 2005.
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