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Ch 11:Payment Systems for Electronic Commerce

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PayPal. Provides payment processing services to businesses and to individuals ... PayPal Payment Method Search Option on eBay Main Search Page. Electronic Wallets ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Ch 11:Payment Systems for Electronic Commerce


1
Ch 11Payment Systems for Electronic Commerce
  • Presented by Sharon Taylor

2
Introduction
  • Paypal, founded in 1999
  • Biggest use is clearing auctions on eBay
  • Fees
  • Profit margin
  • Payment surveillance software
  • Bought by e-Bay in 2002

3
Online Processing Basics
  • Most popular electronic transfers from consumers
    checking accounts
  • Automated payments for auto
  • Insurance and mortgage
  • Most popular Internet payment method credit
    cards

4
Scrip
  • Digital cash minted by a company
  • Only goods of that company
  • Most currently (eScrip) for not-for-profit
    fundraising
  • Primary and secondary schools in U.S.

5
Payment Card Types
  • Credit card
  • Spending limit based on credit history
  • Pay entire balance or minimum payment
  • Interest on unpaid balance
  • Widely accepted
  • 30 days to dispute online purchase
  • Card not present purchases

6
Debit Card
  • Removes amount of sale from bank account
  • Transfers to sellers bank
  • Usually has name of credit card issuer
  • By agreement with issuing bank

7
Charge Card
  • American Express, Diners Club
  • No spending limit
  • Entire balance due each month
  • No interest charge or line of credit
  • Issued by retailers

8
Single Use Cards
  • Not classed as payment cards
  • Issued by payment card firm
  • Unique card number valid for one transaction only
  • American Express, MBNA, Citigroup, J.P. Morgan

9
Advantages of Payment Cards
  • Fraud protection for merchants
  • Limited liability if stolen
  • Worldwide acceptance
  • Currency conversion handled by issuer
  • No special hardware or software needed

10
Disadvantages of Payment Cards
  • Issuer charges merchants per-transaction fees
  • And a monthly processing fee
  • Not cost effective for small transactions

11
Payment Acceptance Processing
  • EMV standard for handling transactions
  • Developed by Europay, Mastercard and Visa
  • Now called MasterCard International
  • Must ship within 30 days of charge
  • Info sent using SSL encryption

12
Steps in transaction
  • Merchant authenticates payment card
  • Checks to see funds are available
  • Puts hold on the credit line or funds
  • Settlement occurs in a few days
  • Funds move between banks

13
Open and Closed Loop System
  • Closed loop systems
  • Card issuer pays merchants that accept the card
    directly and does not use an intermediary
  • Open loop systems
  • Involve three or more parties
  • Systems using Visa or MasterCard are examples

14
Merchant Accounts
  • To process payment cards for Internet
    transactions an online merchant must set up a
    merchant account
  • New merchant must supply
  • Business plan
  • Details about existing bank accounts
  • Business and personal credit history

15
Processing Payments Online
  • InternetSecure
  • Provides secure payment card services
  • First Data
  • Provides merchant payment card processing
    services with the following programs
  • ICVERIFY, PCAuthorize, and WebAuthorize
  • Banks connect to an Automated Clearing House
    (ACH) through highly secure, private leased
    telephone lines

16
Processing a Payment Card Transaction
17
Electronic Cash
  • Term that describes any value storage and
    exchange system created by a private entity that
  • Does not use paper documents or coins
  • Can serve as a substitute for government-issued
    physical currency
  • Attractive in two arenas
  • Sale of goods and services of less than 10
  • Sale of higher-priced goods and services to those
    without credit cards

18
Micropayments and Small Payments
  • Micropayments
  • Internet payments for items costing from a few
    cents to approximately a dollar
  • Small payments
  • Payments of less than 10

19
Privacy and Security of Electronic Cash
  • Concerns about electronic payment methods include
  • Privacy and security
  • Independence
  • Portability
  • Convenience
  • Advantages of electronic cash
  • Independent and portable

20
Holding Electronic Cash Online and Offline Cash
  • Online cash storage
  • Trusted third party is involved in all transfers
    of electronic cash
  • Holds consumers cash accounts
  • Offline cash storage
  • Virtual equivalent of money kept in a wallet
  • No third party is involved in the transaction
  • Double-spending
  • Spending electronic cash twice

21
Advantages and Disadvantages of Electronic Cash
  • Advantages of electronic cash
  • Transactions are more efficient
  • Transfer on the Internet costs less than
    processing credit card transactions
  • Disadvantages of electronic cash
  • Use provides no audit trail
  • Problem of money laundering arises
  • Susceptible to forgery

22
Providing Security for Electronic Cash
  • Cryptographic algorithms
  • Keys to creating tamperproof electronic cash that
    can be traced back to its origins
  • Anonymous electronic cash
  • Electronic cash that cannot be traced back to the
    person who spent it
  • Creating truly anonymous electronic cash
  • Requires a bank to issue electronic cash with
    embedded serial numbers

23
Detecting Double Spending of Electronic Cash
24
Electronic Cash Systems
  • CheckFree
  • Largest online bill processor in the world
  • Provides online payment processing services
  • Clickshare
  • An electronic cash system aimed at magazine and
    newspaper publishers

25
Electronic Cash Systems (continued)
  • PayPal
  • Provides payment processing services to
    businesses and to individuals
  • Peer-to-peer (P2P) payment system
  • Free payment clearing service for individuals

26
PayPal Payment Method Search Option on eBay Main
Search Page
27
Electronic Wallets
  • Hold credit card numbers, electronic cash, owner
    identification, and contact information
  • Give consumers the benefit of entering their
    information just once
  • Make shopping more efficient

28
Electronic Wallets (continued)
  • Server-side electronic wallet
  • Stores a customers information on a remote
    server belonging to a particular merchant or
    wallet publisher
  • Client-side electronic wallet
  • Stores a consumers information on his or her own
    computer

29
Microsoft .NET Passport
  • An electronic wallet operated by Microsoft
  • Passport consists of four integrated services
  • Passport single sign-in service (SSI)
  • Passport Wallet service
  • Kids Passport service
  • Public profiles

30
Microsoft .NET Passport Home Page
31
Yahoo! Wallet
  • Server side electronic wallet offered by Yahoo!
  • Lets users store information about several major
    credit and charge cards
  • Many industry observers and privacy rights
    activist groups are concerned about electronic
    wallets

32
W3C Micropayment Standards Development Activity
  • Common Markup for Micropayment Per-Fee-Links
  • Standards developed by W3C Electronic Commerce
    Interest Group (ECIG)
  • Provide extensible and interoperable way to embed
    micropayment information in a Web page
  • Extensible system
  • One that developers can add to (or extend)
    without voiding any earlier work on the system

33
W3C Proposed Micropayment HTML Tags
34
The ECML Standard
  • Electronic Commerce Modeling Language (ECML)
  • Users can enter credit card and address
    information once into an ECML-capable electronic
    wallet
  • Users control access to their ECML electronic
    wallets

35
Stored-Value Cards
  • Can be an elaborate smart card with a microchip
    that records currency balance
  • Common stored-value cards
  • Prepaid phone, copy, subway, and bus cards

36
Magnetic Strip Cards
  • Cannot send or receive information
  • Cannot increment or decrement value of cash
    stored on the card
  • Processing must be done on a device into which
    the card is inserted
  • Smart card
  • Better suited for Internet payment transactions

37
Smart Cards
  • Stored-value cards
  • Can hold private user data, such as financial
    facts
  • Can store about 100 times more information than a
    magnetic strip plastic card
  • Safer than conventional credit cards

38
Octopus Smart Card Information on the Hong Kong
Citybus Site
39
Smart Cards (continued)
  • Smart Card Alliance
  • Promotes benefits of smart cards
  • Promotes widespread acceptance of
    multiple-application smart card technology
  • Members include companies in banking, financial
    services, computer technology, and healthcare
  • Promotes compatibility among smart cards, card
    reader devices, and applications

40
Internet Technology and the Banking Industry
  • Paper checks
  • Used to make the largest dollar volume payments
  • Check Clearing for the 21st Century Act (Check
    21)
  • Permits banks to eliminate the movement of
    physical checks entirely

41
Phishing Attacks
  • Basic structure
  • Attacker sends e-mail messages to a large number
    of recipients
  • Message states that an account has been
    compromised and the matter should be corrected
  • Message includes a link
  • User enters a login name and password, which the
    perpetrator captures
  • Once inside a victims account, the perpetrator
    can access personal information

42
Phishing Attack Countermeasures
  • Most important step that companies can take today
  • Educate Web site users
  • Many companies contract consulting firms that
    specialize in anti-phishing work
  • Anti-phishing technique
  • Monitor online chat rooms used by criminals
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