MARPOL Annex II Revisions - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 56
About This Presentation
Title:

MARPOL Annex II Revisions

Description:

... products, such as gasoil, naphtha, and gasoline, if equipped with an oil/water ... At current gasoline prices there is an economic incentive to blend more than the ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:5502
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 57
Provided by: inter5
Category:

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: MARPOL Annex II Revisions


1
  • MARPOL Annex II Revisions
  • INTERTANKO Seminar
  • Houston, TX
  • 15 March 2006

2
  • AGENDA
  • Annex II Revisions Deadline Remains!
  • IMO Ship Type Reviewed
  • Products Still Missing Data
  • Practical Implications of the Revisions
  • Biofuels and the Revisions
  • IMO 2006 Schedule
  • Conclusions and Predictions

3
MARPOL Annex II Revisions
  • The long-time ongoing revision work on MARPOL
    Annex II and the Chemical Carrier Code concluded
    with the adoption of the revised MARPOL Annex II
    by MEPC 52 (in October 2004) and the adoption of
    the revised IBC Code by both MEPC 52 and MSC 79
    (in December 2004).
  • The revised requirements WILL enter into force
    and take effect from 1 January 2007.

4
MARPOL Annex II Revisions
  • Re-categorisation of the existing pollution
    categories within MARPOL Annex II has been a
    longstanding issue at IMO
  • Currently there exist 5 categories A, B, C, D and
    an Appendix III. (Appendix III lists products to
    which the IBC Code does not apply).
  • Due to the re-evaluation process of the existing
    MARPOL Annex II products by GESAMP/EHS, existing
    products will be re-categorised into a new 3
    plus 1 category system

5
MARPOL Annex II Revisions
  • The revision of Annex II replaces the current
    5-category system with pollution categories A, B,
    C and D and Appendix III products with a
    4-category system with pollution categories X, Y
    and Z and OS (Other Substances).

6
MARPOL Annex II Revisions
  • In 2003 At MEPC 49 a 3 1 category system (X,Y,Z
    OS) was agreed upon. The fourth category
    includes Apple juice, Clay slurry, Coal slurry,
    Dextrose solution, Glucose solution, Kaoline
    slurry, Molasses, and Water
  • Vegetable oils will be specified and are upgraded
    from Appendix III (of the IBC Code) to Category
    Y.

7
MARPOL Annex II Revisions
  • The revision of Annex II replaces the current
    4-category system with new pollution categories.
    This has also affected what products can be
    carried in the different IMO Ship Type.

8
IMO Ship Type
  • What is considered IMO Type Space?
  • The IBC Code provides standards for the
    construction of three types of chemical tankers
    (Types 1, 2 and 3)
  • A Type 1 ship is a chemical tanker intended for
    the transportation of products considered to
    present the greatest overall hazard and Type 2
    and Type 3 for products of progressively lesser
    hazards

9
Tank Type Configurations
10
IMO Ship Type
  • IMO Type 2 Space
  • A Type 2 tank is intended to transport products
    with appreciably severe environmental and safety
    hazards which require significant preventive
    measures to preclude escape of such cargo

11
IMO Ship Type
  • IMO Type 2 Ship
  • Some or all tanks of stainless steel
  • Nitrogen for use as a blanket to exclude air from
    the tank when carrying cargoes prone to ignition
    at ambient temperatures

12
IMO Ship Type
  • IMO Type 3 Ship
  • A Type 3 ship is a chemical tanker intended to
    transport products with sufficiently severe
    environmental and safety hazards
  • Require a moderate degree of containment to
    increase survival capability in a damaged
    condition

13
IMO Ship Type
  • IMO Type 3 Ship
  • Those specified in the IMO IBC Code for a Type 3
    ship are usually not listed as "hazardous"
  • They are petroleum products, such as gasoil,
    naphtha, and gasoline, if equipped with an
    oil/water separator with a suitable transfer pump

14
IMO Ship Type
  • IMO Type 3 Ship
  • Damage stability and cargo containment
    requirements for Type 3 ships detailed in the IMO
    IBC Code
  • Cargo handling and pollution prevention
    provisions of MARPOL Annex II

15
Still a Lack of Data
  • December 31, 2005 has come and gone. There are
    still products currently being carried have not
    been re-evaluated by GESAMP because of a lack of
    data and information.
  • Unless the necessary data are submitted by the
    end of 2005 the bulk transport of such products
    is likely to face substantial problems from 1
    January 2007 (because the required certificate
    cannot be issued).
  • IMO will have to reach a compromise on this issue.

16
Still a Lack of Data
  • One of the solutions being proposed would
    consider carriage in the highest requirements
    (Pollution Category X /Ship type 1 or 2) until
    the data is received for the missing products.
  • This or any other proposal will have to be made
    at IMO at MEPC 54, BLG 10 or MEPC 55, all
    meetings will be held later this year.

17
Still a Lack of Data
  • The 42st session of the GESAMP Working Group on
    the Evaluation of the Hazards of Harmful
    Substances Carried by Ships (EHS 42) was held at
    IMO Headquarters in London earlier this year.
  • The report on this meeting has just been
    released. The most recent meeting report of
    GESAMP/EHS has indicated that approximately sixty
    products remain on the missing data list.

18
Draft List of Products Still Missing Data as of
February 2006
  • Alkyl(C8)amine, Alkenyl (C12) acid ester
    mixture
  • Aluminum chloride (30 or less)/Hydrochloric acid
    (20 or less) solution
  • 2-Amino-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol solution
    (40 or less)
  • Ammonium bisulphite solution (70 or less)
  • Ammonium thiocyanate (25 or less)/Ammonium
    thiosulphate (20 or less) solution
  • Benzyl chloride
  • N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl) oleamide
  • Butyl stearate
  • Calcium alkyl (C9) phenol sulphide/Polyolefin
    phosphorosulphide mixture
  • Calcium long-chain alkyl phenolic amine (C8-C40)
  • Camphor oil
  • Caramel solutions
  • Cashew nut shell oil (untreated)
  • Cobalt naphthenate in solvent naphtha
  • Creosote (coal tar)
  • Creosote (wood)

19
Draft List of Products Still Missing Data as of
February 2006
  • Decyl acetate
  • 1,3-Dichloropropane
  • Diethylene glycol dibutyl ether
  • 1,4-Dihydro-9,10-dihydroxyanthracene, disodium
    salt solution
  • Dodecenylsuccinic acid, dipotassium salt solution
  • Ethyl amyl ketone
  • N-Ethylbutylamine
  • Ethyl butyrate
  • o-Ethylphenol
  • Ethyl propionate
  • Ferric hydroxyethylethylenediaminetriacetic acid,
    trisodium salt solution
  • Fish solubles (water-based fish meal extract)
  • Fumaric adduct of rosin, water dispersion
  • Glycerine (83), Dioxanedimethanol
  • Glycerol polyalkoxylate
  • Icosa(oxypropane-2,3-diyl)s
  • Long-chain polyetheramine in alkyl (C2-C4)
    benzenes
  • Long-chain polyetheramine in aromatic solvent

20
Draft List of Products Still Missing Data as of
February 2006
  • Methyl heptyl ketone
  • 3-Methyl-3-methoxybutyl acetate
  • Naphthenic acids
  • Nonyl acetate
  • Pentaethylenehexamine
  • Polyalkylene oxide polyol
  • Polyglycerol
  • Polyolefin amide alkeneamine/molybdenum
    oxysulphide mixture
  • Polyolefin amide alkeneamine polyol
  • Poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol (mw 600-3000)
  • Potassium salt of polyolefin acid
  • n-Propyl chloride
  • Propylene-Butylene copolymer

21
Draft List of Products Still Missing Data as of
February 2006
  • Propylene dimer
  • Rosin soap (disproportionated) solution
  • Sodium aluminate solution
  • Sodium tartrates/Sodium succinates solution
  • Sulpho hydrocarbon long chain (C18) alkylamine
    mixture
  • Tall oil fatty acid, barium salt
  • Tall oil soap (disproportionated) solution
  • Trimethylhexamethylenediamine (2,2,4- and
    2,4,4-isomers)
  • Trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate (2,2,4- and
    2,4,4-isomers)
  • Trimethylolpropane polyethoxylate
  • Trimethyl phosphite
  • Urea/Ammonium mono- and di-hydrogen
    phosphate/Potassium,chloride solution
  • Urea formaldehyde resin solution

22
Certification of Cargoes
  • All non-oil cargoes carried in bulk are
    classified by the International Maritime
    Organization (IMO) and/or the vessels flag
    state.  The carriage requirements for a product
    are then determined by these entities using the
    guidelines set forth by GESAMP and IMO.
  • If regulated by the IBC Code those cargoes must
    be authorised for carriage on that particular
    ship, and listed on, the ships Certificate of
    Fitness.

23
Certification of Cargoes
  • The bulk carriage of any liquid product other
    than those defined as oil (subject to MARPOL
    Annex I) is prohibited unless the product has
    been evaluated and categorised for inclusion in
    Chapter 17 or 18 of the IBC Code (The
    International Code for the Construction and
    Equipment of Ships Carrying Dangerous Chemicals
    in Bulk).
  • The MARPOL Annex II Revisions will result in an
    amended IBC Code and new certification for
    cargoes and vessels.

24
Practical Implications of the Revisions
  • Every chemical tanker is required to have a
    Certificate of Fitness (CoF) indicating that it
    is certified to carry certain products.
  • The issuance of a CoF will also require a revised
    Procedures and Arrangements Manual.
  • Companies should be thinking about these new
    documents - NOW

25
Certificates of Fitness
  • The new P A Manuals and the new Certificates
    need to be onboard each ship as of the 1 January
    2007 deadline.
  • These documents must be approved/issued and
    forwarded to the ships before this date.
  • Class societies and owners are working diligently
    to ensure that in late 2006 both systems will be
    in place.

26
New Certificates / P A Manuals
  • All Certificates of Fitness issued under the
    present requirements will become invalid from 1
    January 2007.
  • This also affects Offshore Support Vessels and
    dry cargo ships with deep tanks certified for
    carriage of noxious liquid substances.
  • Cargoes legally loaded before 1 January 2007 will
    be allowed to be carried to the scheduled
    unloading port under the old requirements.
  • To carry any noxious liquid substance in bulk
    from 1 January 2007 all ships will need to hold a
    Chemical Carrier Code CoF issued under the
    revised requirements.

27
Two Systems
  • The revised requirements may not be used before 1
    January 2007.
  • This implies that for e.g. a newbuilding being
    delivered in December 2006, it will be necessary
    to certify the ship initially under the current
    requirements (with old type P A Manual and
    CoF) and then again from 1 January 2007 with a
    new P A Manual and a new CoF with List of
    Products.

28
The CoF List
  • The List of Products attached to a new
    Certificate will be calculated based on the
    revised Pollution Categories and the ships
    compliance with the revised carriage
    requirements.
  • Less sophisticated chemical tankers, including
    those not complying with the present stripping
    requirements for the current pollution category B
    substances, may, under the revised requirements,
    lose a very large portion of their current List
    of Products.

29
Stripping Underwater Discharge
  • An underwater discharge arrangement for tank
    washing water is required for pollution
    categories X and Y for ships keel-laid before 1
    January 2007. Newer ships will require such for
    all pollution categories X, Y and Z.
  • The waiver possibilities in respect of stripping
    performance and underwater discharge arrangement
    for dedicated ships engaged in carriage of
    products not involving cleaning of cargo tanks
    will remain unchanged.
  • The additional requirements for operation within
    Special Areas (except the Antarctic) have been
    deleted.

30
The Veg Oil Compromise
  • As expected, products defined as "Floaters" and
    "Persistent floaters", which include the
    vegetable oils, will be assigned to Category Y.
    Under the currently defined ship typing criteria
    this will mean they have to be carried in IMO
    Type 2 ship space.
  • The veg oil industry expressed concern that there
    would not be enough Type 2 tonnage to accommodate
    the post 2007 needs
  • At MEPC 52 ( in 2004) a compromise was developed
    by the US, Netherlands and Panama and accepted
    by IMO. The purpose of the compromise is to
    alleviate concerns regarding a tonnage shortage.

31
The Veg Oil Compromise Accepted at MEPC 52
  • An Administration may exempt ships from the
    carriage requirements under Regulation 11 for
    ships Certified to carry individually identified
    vegetable oils identified by the relevant
    footnote in chapter 17 of the IBC Code, provided
    the ship complies with the following conditions
  • 1. Subject to this regulation, the NLS tanker
    shall meet all requirements for ship type 3 as
    identified in the IBC Code except for cargo tank
    location
  • 2. Under this regulation, cargo tanks shall be
    located at the following distances inboard. The
    entire cargo tank length shall be protected by
    ballast tanks or spaces other than tanks that
    carry oil as follows

32
The Veg Oil Compromise Accepted at MEPC 52
  • 1. Wing tanks or spaces shall be arranged such
    that cargo tanks are located inboard of the
    moulded line of the side shell plating nowhere
    less than 760 mm and
  • 2. Double bottom tanks or spaces shall be
    arranged such that the distance between the
    bottom of the cargo tanks and the moulded line of
    the bottom shell plating measured at right angles
    to the bottom shell plating is not less than B/15
    (m) or 2.0 m at the centreline, whichever is the
    lesser. The minimum distance shall be 1.0 metre.
  • The relevant certificate shall indicate the
    exemption granted.

33
The Vegoil Compromise
  • Regulation 4.1.3 of the revised MARPOL Annex II,
    an administration might allow the carriage of
    these substances in a ship Type 3 ONLY if the
    ship complies with all requirements for a ship
    Type 3, as identified in the IBC Code, except for
    cargo tank location.
  • The cargo tank location shall be in accordance
    with regulation 4.1.3.2 of the revised MARPOL
    Annex II but these ships must be constructed with
    double sides meeting the requirements for IMO
    ship Type 2 vessels and double bottom
    requirements of B/15 or 2 meters (whichever is
    the lesser) and the Certificate of Fitness shall
    indicate the exemption granted.

34
The Vegoil Compromise
  • Next to each of these product listings in Chapter
    17 letter k referring to regulation 4.1.3 of
    the revised MARPOL Annex II.
  • INTERTANKO has received may enquiries regarding
    converting product tankers to Type 3 ships but we
    have no concrete evidence indicates that this is
    being carried out.

35
MARPOL Annex II Revisions
  • Despite the rumours
  • veg oils will move
  • As of today, no extensions or delays have been
    accepted by IMO.
  • On 1 January 2007 veg oils will have to be
    carried in IMO Type 2 or 3 space.  

36
MARPOL Annex II Revisions What Else?
  • Oil like substances will not exist (e.g xylene
    requires chemical code certificate)
  • 75 litre stripping required for all tankers
    (Chemical Code/NLS) for keels laid after 1
    January 2007 (Existing IBC ships 100 litres XY-
    350 litres Z, existing NLS as good as possible)

37
How Does the IMO Decide on Ship Type?
  • Ship Type Criteria - based on GESAMP hazard
    profiles in table 4.5.1 of Annex 7 to MEPC 51/11
    (Criteria for Assigning Carriage Requirements
    from Products Subject to the IBC code).

38
What is Moving Where
  • There are approximately 150 products from the IBC
    Code
  • that are moving to Type 2.  Here are just a few
    in alphabetical order
  • Ammonia, aqueous Carbon tetrachloride
    Chlorobenzene Decanoic acid Decyl alcohol
    Dodecyl alcohol Fatty acid (saturated C13)
    Hexane Lauric acid Nonene Octanol Oleic acid
    Perchloroethylene Propylene tetramer Pyridine
    Pyrolysis gasoline Turpentine Undecanoic acid
    Undecyl alcohol

39
Big Movers Chemicals
40
Big Movers Veg Oils Fats
41
MARPOL Annex II and US Implementation
  • The USCG is initiating a regulatory project to
    implement MARPOL Annex II revision. However,
    these regulations will not be completed in time
    for their entry into force date of 1 January
    2007.
  • The USCG regulations that will be in effect on
    that date will be the current regulations for the
    transport of Annex II substances. 

42
MARPOL Annex II and US Implementation
  • The USCG intends to develop a Navigation and
    Vessel Inspection Circular (NVIC), a guidance
    document to industry that will provide the
    industry with an elective (or alternative) method
    of complying with the regulations in effect.
  • This elective method will reflect the revised
    Annex II. It will be the guidance used by
    industry and regulators.

43
MARPOL Annex II and the Carriage of Biofuels
  • The term biofuel encompasses a diverse range of
    products such as bio-gas, biodiesel and
    bioethanol. Any fuel made from a renewable
    biological source is considered a biofuel.
    Biofuels include ethanol, biodiesel, and
    methanol.
  • Biofuel is derived from recently living
    organisms or waste streams (agricultural,
    domestic or municipal).

44
Carriage of Biofuels BIODIESEL
  • Biodiesel is produced from a variety of
    vegetable oils, including but not limited to
    palm, rape, canola, soy, linseed, coconut,
    mustard and cotton oils. It can also be
    manufactured from tallow oil and yellow grease
    (used cooking oils).
  • The production process is to modify the oils
    through esterification to give glycerine as
    useable by-product.
  • These products cannot be shipped under MARPOL
    Annex II using these trade names.

45
Carriage of Biofuels BIODIESEL
  • Most of the discussion recently regarding the
    classification of bio-fuels under Annex II has
    been predominantly about bio-diesel.
  • The majority of biodiesel cargoes are fatty acid
    methyl esters (FAME) with can have various
    compositions. There are only three fatty acid
    methyl esters approved for carriage under the
    current MARPOL Annex II
  • Palm oil fatty acid methyl ester (currently in
    the IBC Code)
  • Coconut oil fatty acid methyl ester (currently in
    the IBC Code)
  • Rapeseed oil fatty acid methyl ester (currently
    in list 1 of MEPC.2 Circ)
  • All three of these products are currently
    Category D and Chapter 18.

46
Carriage of Biofuels BIODIESEL
  • Any new data that has been submitted on these
    products will be considered at BLG 10 in April
    2006.
  • If approved by BLG 10 they will be included on
    List 1 of the 2006 edition of the MEPC.2/Circ.,
    most likely as Category Y and Ship Type 2.
  • Regardless of the base oil, FAME products are not
    unmodified oils, and will not be considered
    applicable under the exemption clause in MARPOL
    Regulation 4.1.3.
  •  

47
Carriage of Biofuels BIOETHANOL
  • Bioethanol is a readily available, clean fuel
    that can be utilized in combustion engines in
    different ways such as anhydrous (or dehydrated)
    ethanol which is free of water and at least 99
    percent pure.
  • This ethanol can be blended with conventional
    fuel in proportions up to 85 percent (E85).
    Blends up to 20 percent can be used in modern
    engines without modification.
  • Traditionally, MTBE or ethanol has been added as
    an oxygenate to gasoline at 6-10 blend for a
    cleaner burn. As the use of MTBE has been banned
    by a growing number of states, the US ethanol
    market has grown from 2.3 to 4 billion gallons in
    the last three years.

48
Carriage of Bio-Fuels BIOETHANOL
  • Higher blends require modified engines that run
    as flexible fuel vehicles (FFVs). There are
    currently over a million FFVs on the road in the
    US with an increasing number added each year, and
    there are a small but growing number of E85 gas
    stations, primarily in the Midwest.
  • Bioethanol is also used to manufacture ETBE
    (ethyl-tertiary-butyl-ether), a fuel additive for
    conventional petrol.

49
Carriage of Biofuels BIOETHANOL
  • Because ethanol is a great solvent and pulls in
    water, it is typically not mixed with gasoline
    prior to being shipped via pipeline. 
  • In the US most the blends are shipped
    separately the gasoline is transported via
    pipeline and the ethanol is sent by
    truck/rail/barge for blending at the distribution
    point.  
  • In the US, for example in the state of New York,
    which uses a 10 ethanol blend, a terminal south
    of Albany receives 100 ethanol by barge and
    mixes it with gasoline from a pipeline. 

50
Carriage of Biofuels BIOETHANOL
  • The US Congress has recently passed a Renewable
    Fuel Standard (RFS) that requires a minimum
    percent of liquid fuels be from renewable
    sources.
  • At current gasoline prices there is an economic
    incentive to blend more than the required levels
    of ethanol. 
  • In markets where states have not yet banned
    MTBE, distributors are switching to ethanol
    blends for economic reasons.

51
Carriage of Biofuels How will they be
classified?
  • Most bio-ethanol cargoes (and some biodiesels)
    containing any blend containing 85 or more of a
    mineral diesel oil or gasoline qualify as Annex I
    product.
  • The issue of the carriage of bio-fuels will
    become more prevalent as more of this product is
    shipped.
  • Classification of these products needs to be
    discussed in greater detail and resolved to
    ensure the trade can continue after 1 January
    2007.  
  •  

52
Carriage of Biofuels Proposals
  • A proposal has been made to the IMO that will
    act as an interim measure in classifying the
    expanse of biofuels out there.
  • This focuses on both bioethanol and biodiesels
    (most likely FAME products)

53
IMO and the 2006 Schedule
  • There are many loose ends that need to be
    tended to before December 31, 2006 IMO has three
    meetings scheduled for 2006 where these matters
    can be discussed
  • MEPC 54 March 2006
  • BLG 10 April 2006
  • MEPC 55 October 2006

54
Predictions /Conclusions
  • The MARPOL Annex II Revisions have been in the
    works for decades and they will take effect 1
    January 2007. That is a safe prediction.
  • The implementation of these regulations will
    require action by all stakeholders including the
    tanker industry, IMO member states, product
    manufacturers, shippers, class societies, etc.

55
Predictions /Conclusions
  • INTERTANKO will continue to be closely involved
    to ensure that the transition is as smooth as
    possible for industry.
  • The only other possible prediction to be made at
    this time is..

56
BOSTON RED SOX WIN 2006 World Series
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com