Partnerships Spatial Data Infrastructures Metadata

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PartnershipsSpatial Data InfrastructuresMetadat
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Partnerships

• Often fraught with hazards can take longer and
  create friction
• BUT
• Often there is no real choice for they can bring
• New staff skills
• Additional technology
• Marketing skills
• Better brand image
• New insights on user needs
• New products
• Cost- and risk-sharing

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Local partnerships an example
NOAA NMS SB County Planning Develop Island
Packers Blue Planet Commercial Fisherman of SB,
Inc Ventura College UCSB Channel Islands National
Park Calif Coastal Commission Many, many others
SSE CIPE
Channel Island National Marine Sanctuary
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Local to global partnerships an example
News of GIS Day is spread by use of the Internet
and by advertising. Any organization can host
such an event 2,400 organizations hosted GIS
Day events in more than 91 different countries in
1999 (see map). About 2.4 million children and
adults were enlightened on GIS technology on that
day
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National partnerships via NSDIs

• The problem
• Data duplication commonplace so waste occurs
• Ad hoc data sharing has many difficulties
• Data often tailored to one application
• Best data often collected in greatest detail at
  local level but not accessible to regional or
  national folk
• Indexes/metadata to available GI unknown until
  recently
• No general protocols for any of this until NSDI..

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What is a National Spatial Data Infrastructure?

• the technology, policies, standards, and human
  resources necessary to acquire, process, store,
  distribute, and improve utilization of geospatial
  data
• Source Presidential Executive Order 12906
  (1994) 'Co-ordinating Geographic Data
  Acquisition and Access The National Spatial
  Data Infrastructure' W Clinton.
• BUT what does it mean in practice?

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Initial elements of the US NSDI

• Defined standards (mandated on federal agencies
  and encouraged for others) Minimizing
  inconsistency
• Clearinghouse metadata descriptions of existing
  data. Advertising what is available
• National geospatial data framework - a common
  template on which to assemble other data

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The NSDI is composed of
Clearinghouse
Metadata
Geospatial data
Partnerships
Standards
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The data provide a core...
Geospatial Data
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Categories of Geospatial Data

• Community-developed data sets usually derived for
  a single purpose but made available for potential
  re-use
• Data sets developed to a common content
  specification for high re-use potential. These
  are known as Framework data.

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Categories of Geospatial Data
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Framework provides. . .

• a foundation to which spatial information and
  attributes can be added.
• a base on which other themes of data can be
  compiled.
• context to orient and link the results of
  analyses to the landscape

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Framework Data
Elevation and bathymetry

Digital orthoimagery
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Describing your data...
GEOdata
Framework
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Metadata nutritional label for GIS data sets
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The uses of metadata

• documentation of existing (inventory)
• structured search and comparison (advertising)
• use data in an appropriate context (liability)

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Metadata developments

• Refinement of the FGDC Metadata Standard
• Harmonization with international standards
• Collection tools available
• Training available from FGDC

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Making data discoverable...
Metadata
GEOdata
Framework
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Clearinghouse provides...

• Discovery of spatial data
• Distributed search worldwide
• Uniform interface for spatial data searches
• Advertising for your data holdings

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Clearinghouse operates as...

• Entry point to constellation of servers
• Collection of distributed Z39.50 servers
• A virtual Google for geospatial data

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This is all Clearinghouse
Gateway
NOAA
Clearinghouse Nodes or Servers
Web Client
Oregon
USGS NMD
NGS
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Consistent approaches...
Clearinghouse (catalog)
Metadata
GEOdata
Framework
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Who builds standards?

• ISO - Intl Standards Organization
• FGDC Standards working group in partnership with
  . . .
• FGDC Thematic subcommittees
• Concerned organizations
• Producers and users of geospatial data

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Types of standards

• Data content
• Common classifications
• Common collection criteria
• Data management
• Metadata
• Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS)

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Standards under development

• Base Cartographic
• Cultural and Demographic Metadata
• Geodetic Control Networks
• Transportation Network Profile
• RiverReach File Version 3.0
• Earth Cover Classification
• Geologic
• Facilities
• Shoreline

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Clearinghouse (catalog)
Metadata
GEOdata
Framework
Standards
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Lots of people involved

• Federal government (many agencies)
• State government
• Local government
• Private sector contractors, value-adders,
  exploiters
• Not for profit organizations
• Citizenry
• Others
• No one is in charge

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The Geospatial One-Stop at geodata.gov
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Growth in use of US NSDI Clearinghouse

• Note
• Rapid growth
• International use almost as big as national
• Source Henry Tom

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An example of a global partnership
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OSU Transboundary Waterswaterpartners.geo.orst.ed
uwww.transboundarywaters.orst.edu
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Governments and the private sectors

• National governments own and control national
  mapping agencies
• All such mapping produced to national
  specifications until recently
• New private sector providers
• Produce imagery for anywhere in world
• Produce road databases
• How do we get these to work together?

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A Global Spatial Data Infrastructure?

• Difficult enough to get national players to work
  together
• Is GSDI a process, a general framework or a
  product?
• Who are the stakeholders?
• Who needs it? (military doing what they need
  themselves?)

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A Research Agenda

• Future of the Spatial Information Infrastructure
• Information policy
• Intellectual property rights, privacy, liability
• Digital government research
• Local generation and integration of data
• Public participation GIS

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Other Research Priorities(Long Term)

• Geographic Representation
• Scale
• Spatial Data Acquisition Integration
• Spatial Cognition
• Spatial Ontologies

• Space and Space/Time Analysis Modeling
• Uncertainty
• Visualization
• GIS and Society
• Geographic Information Engineering

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Short Term Research Prioritieswww.ucgis.org
priorities--gtresearch

• Institutional aspects of SDIs
• GI Partnering
• GI Resource Mgmt
• Gradation, Indeterminate Boundaries
• Geospatial Semantic Web
• Spatialization
• Pervasive Computing

• Location Based Services
• Spatial Clustering
• Geoslavery Security
• Geospatial Data Fusion
• Global Representation and Modeling
• Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
• Dynamic Modeling

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Education Priorities www.ucgis.org
priorities--gteducation

• Model Curricula
• Emerging Technolgies
• Distance Education
• Supporting Infrastructure
• Access and Equity
• Professional Education

• Alternative Designs for Curriculum Content and
  Evaluation
• Research-based Graduate Education
• Learning with GIS
• Accrediation and Certification

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Life, partnerships and GIS

• When do you work in partnership with other people
  or organisations?
• What makes it worthwhile?
• The same applies to GIS partnerships
• Commitment to a cause, wish to improve matters?
• Personal ambition? Influence? Fame? Status?
• Money?

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Summary

• Partnerships versus competition
• Local
• National Spatial Data Infrastructure
• Geodata, Framework, Metadata, Clearinghouse,
  Standards, Partnerships
• Global Spatial Data Infrastructures
• Political power in partnerships
• Bringing it all together the GIS game

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Summary cont.

• Choose GIS partners carefully, nurture
  relationships