Diesel Particulate Matter Philadelphia Health and Economic Assessment

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Diesel Particulate Matter Philadelphia Health
and Economic Assessment

• Perry R. Pandya
• Environmental Protection Agency
• May 10, 2005

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Overview

• Air Pollution Concentrations
• Health Impacts and Costs
• What can be done about it?

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Diesel Particulate Matter
Marine Contribution
Total Concentration
(µg/m3)
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American Cancer Society Study

• 1.2 Million participants
• 1982 - 1998
• Controlled for Age, gender, weight, smoking
  history, alcohol use, occupation, diet, education
• Each 10 µg/m3 Particulate Matter
• 4 increase in all cause mortality
• 6 increase in lung cancer
• 8 increase in fatal heart attacks

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Pre-Mature Deaths
Pope A.C., et al. 2002. Lung cancer,
cardiopulmonary mortality, and long-term exposure
to fine particulate air pollution. JAMA, vol.
287, no. 9, 1132-1141.
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Non-Fatal Heart Attacks Caused by Diesel
Particulate Matter
Ostro, B.D. 1987. Air pollution and morbidity
revisited A speciation test. J of Environ
Economics Management. 1487-98.
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Asthma Attacks
Bucks 330
Chester 190
Delaware 510
Montgomery 410
Philadelphia 2300
Vedal, S. et al. 1998. Acute effects of ambient
inhalable particles in asthmatic and
non-asthmatic children. Am. J of Respiratory and
Critical Care Medicine. 157(4)1034-1043.  Ostro,
B. et al. 2001. Air pollution and exacerbation
of asthma in African-American children in Los
Angeles. Epidemiology. 12(2)200-208.
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Work Loss Days
Bucks 2,800
Chester 1,600
Delaware 4,000
Philadelphia 20,000
Montgomery 3,700
Ostro, B.D. 1987. Air pollution and morbidity
revisited A speciation test. J of Environ
Economics Management. 1487-98.
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Particulate MatterCosts

• 260 Premature deaths
• 450 Non-fatal heart attacks
• 32,000 Missed days of work
• 3,700 Asthma attacks

• Valued at 1.4 billion
• Cost 37 million
• 4.4 million in lost wages
• Valued at 160,000

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How to use the data?

• Uncertainties
• Air Concentrations
• Health Impact Studies
• Costs
• Confidence in Results
• High Five County Philadelphia Metro Area
• Medium County
• Low Census Tract