Smart Homes 2

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Smart Homes 2
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Evolution of Buildings

• Follows up on idea of accidentally smart home
• Examines how homes change over time
• Outlines some design guidelines

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How Do We Understand Homes Today?

• Ethnographic studies
• Observing people in situ
• Longitudinal studies
• Long-term studies
• Design-based methods
• Cultural probes

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Different Kinds of Devices for Homes

• Information Appliances
• Internet fridge
• Interactive Household Objects
• Smart cups, Picture frames
• Augmented Furniture
• Smart tables, smart cupboards, smart garden
  furniture

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Different Kinds of Devices for Homes
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Kinds of Smart Home Research

• New forms of context sensing
• Detection of activity, to help aging in place

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Some Aware Home Applications
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MITs House_n

• House instrumented to make it easy to run
  experiments
• http//architecture.mit.edu/house_n/placelab.html

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Stewart Brands Framework
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Stewart Brands Framework
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Stewart Brands Framework

• Stuff owned by individuals
• Space plan managed by familes
• Services managed by landlord
• Skin interacted with by public
• Structure and site influenced by community

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Stewart Brands Framework
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Discussion

• Is the 6 Ss useful for thinking about ubicomp
  apps?
• Who manages? Lifespan? What kinds of things might
  be supported?
• Stuff - Smart gadgets, tv, smart pictures
• Space plan - Sensors, smart floors
• Service - Wireless, security, aging, awareness
• Most ubicomp has so far focused on stuff, space
  plan, and service. Thoughts on site, structure,
  skin?

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Discussion

• Think bigger what about design patterns
• Organized by geographic scale
• Countries
• Cities and Towns
• Communities
• Public transit
• Neighborhoods
• Clusters
• Buildings
• Rooms
• Spaces

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Mapping Current Research
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Broken Expectations

• Making existing digital devices work together is
  hard
• Overhead is called problem-time
• Examined problem-time for various situations

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Broken Expectations

• Nine participants
• Lots of them were tech savvy
• Wide range of needs
• Voice over IP setup
• Media center setup
• Encountered lots of problems

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Broken Expectations

• Lots of small, independent components that dont
  play well with each other
• Lots of potential dependencies and connections
• Out-of-box usability test wouldnt find many of
  these problems
• Not sure if I agree here, depends on how test is
  set up
• Lab test vs follow home and observe set up

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Broken Expectations

• Peoples expectations didnt match tech
  capabilities
• Lots of assumptions, expectations of tech
• Specific OS, specific kind of encryption, where
  it expected to be connected, etc
• Authors claim this is broken expectations on user
  side
• Not sure if I agree here either
• Id argue more for not-well-designed
• Possible solutions?

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Broken Expectations

• Peoples expectations didnt match tech
  capabilities
• Lots of assumptions, expectations of tech
• Specific OS, specific kind of encryption, where
  it expected to be connected, etc
• Authors claim this is broken expectations on user
  side
• Not sure if I agree here either
• Id argue more for not-well-designed
• Possible solutions?
• Published collections of stuff that works
  together
• I have x and y, what should I buy next?
• Follow the leader (like the EMACS configuration
  files)

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Principles of Smart Home Control

• Lots of research on controlling devices, end-user
  programming
• Tries to refocus the issue helping people
  control their lives
• Presents a study of families and the problems
  they face
• Presents design principles to help families
  maintain control

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Research in End-User Programming

• Jigsaw (Humble et al, 03)

• CAMP (Truong et al, 04)

• microCommander (Jahnke et al, 02)

• Speakeasy (Newman et al, 02)

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CURRENT RESEARCH

• Anthropological Perspective
• Families are struggling to gain control of their
  lives

• Technical Perspective
• Smart home control systems provide control of
  devices

How can smart home control systems help user
regain control of their devices
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CURRENT RESEARCH

• Anthropological Perspective
• Families are struggling to gain control of their
  lives

• Technical Perspective
• Smart home control systems provide control of
  devices

How can smart home control systems help user
regain control of their devices
families
lives
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FINDINGS
WICKED PROBLEM OF ACTIVITY MANAGEMENT
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EXAMPLE
GAME OR PRACTICE? HOME OR AWAY? WHAT TIME?
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EXAMPLE
WHO PICKS UP? WHO DROPS OFF? WHERE?
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EXAMPLE
SHIN GUARDS, KNEE PADS. CLEATS OR FLATS?
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EXAMPLE
PRACTICE UNIFORM? HOME OR AWAY UNIFORM?
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EXAMPLE
CLEAN CLOTHES THE NIGHT BEFORE
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EXAMPLE
JUICE BEFORE OR AFTER? ORANGES AT HALFTIME?
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BREAKDOWNS
LOST ON THE CALENDAR
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BREAKDOWNS
LAST MINUTE CARPOOL DECISIONS
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BREAKDOWNS
MOMS OUT OF TOWN SO DADS IN CHARGE
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BREAKDOWNS
MOMS OUT OF TOWN SO DADS IN CHARGE
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BREAKDOWNS
MOMS OUT OF TOWN SO DADS IN CHARGE
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BREAKDOWNS
CREEPING RESPONSIBILITY
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BREAKDOWNS
CREEPING RESPONSIBILITY
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BREAKDOWNS
UNPREDICTABLE ORANGES
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BREAKDOWNS
SICK CHILD
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BREAKDOWNS
CASCADE EFFECTS
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Design Principles

• Allow for the organic evolution of routines and
  plans
• Participate in the construction of family
  identity
• The home is more than a location
• Understand periodic changes, exceptions and
  improvisation
• Design for breakdowns
• Easily construct new plans and routines, and
  modify existing ones
• Account for multiple, overlapping and
  occasionally conflicting goals

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Design Principles

• Organic evolution of routines and plans
• Possibly have ubicomp system be aware of routine,
  but not force people into that routine either
• Allow creation and modification of new behaviors
• Make it easy for people to specify new behaviors
  / routines
• Support improvisation, breakdowns, exceptions
• Understand changes, exceptions, improv
• Seasonal changes, surprises

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Design Principles

• Design for breakdowns
• Even if family is on schedule, world might not be
• You get carpool there, but other family is
  off-schedule
• Multiple, overlapping, sometimes conflicting
  goals
• Mom does laundry on Monday, Dad on Tuesday

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Design Principles

• House is more than a location
• Mobile, at work, school, car
• Multiple places for information calendars,
  school flyers, sports schedules
• Construction of family identity
• Act of preparing food makes Mom feel like Mom
• Automating grocery list supports this role