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Using VoIP Softphones

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A PBX is a telephone exchange that serves a particular business or office ... Cabinets, closets, vaults and other housings. Private Branch Exchange (PBX) ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Using VoIP Softphones


1
Using VoIP Softphones
  • 3UET
  • Session 4

2
Introduction
  • Lesson objectives
  • Describe what is a PBX and its features
  • Explain what is Asterisk and list its features
  • Connect to and use Asterisk

3
Private Branch Exchange (PBX)
  • A PBX is a telephone exchange that serves a
    particular business or office
  • As opposed to one that a common carrier or
    telephone company operates for many businesses or
    for the general public.
  • Also referred to as PABX - Private Automatic
    Branch eXchange
  • The general term "extension" is used to refer to
    any end point on the branch, e.g phones, fax
    machines, etc

4
Private Branch Exchange (PBX)
  • The PBX handles calls between extensions as
    connections to the PTSN
  • As PBXs gained popularity, they started offering
    services that were not available in the operator
    network, such as
  • hunt groups,
  • call forwarding, and
  • extension dialing.

5
Private Branch Exchange (PBX)
  • The PBX performs three main duties
  • Establishing connections (circuits) between the
    telephone sets of two users. (e.g. mapping a
    dialed number to a physical phone, ensuring the
    phone isn't already busy)
  • Maintaining such connections as long as the users
    require them. (i.e. channelling voice signals
    between the users)
  • Providing information for accounting purposes
    (e.g. metering calls)

6
Private Branch Exchange (PBX)
  • Two significant developments during the 1990's
    led to new types of PBX systems
  • Massive growth of data networks
  • The availability of the Internet as a global
    delivery system made packet switched
    communications even more attractive

7
Private Branch Exchange (PBX)
  • This led to the development of the VoIP PBX
  • Technically, nothing was being "exchanged"
    anymore, but the acronym PBX was so widely
    understood that it remained in use.)
  • Idea of focusing on core competence (something
    the business can do)
  • PBX services hard to arrange for smaller
    companies
  • Many companies realized that handling their own
    telephony was not their core competence

8
Private Branch Exchange (PBX)
  • Concept of hosted PBX
  • In a hosted setup, the PBX is located at and
    managed by a telephone service provider
  • Features and calls are delivered via the
    Internet.
  • The customer just signs up for a service, rather
    than buying and maintaining hardware

9
Private Branch Exchange (PBX)
  • PBX System Components
  • The PBXs internal switching network.
  • Central processor unit (CPU) or computer inside
    the system, including memory.
  • Logic cards, switching and control cards, power
    cards and related devices that facilitate PBX
    operation.
  • Stations or telephone sets, sometimes called
    lines.

10
Private Branch Exchange (PBX)
  • PBX System Components
  • Outside Telco trunks that deliver signals to (and
    carry them from) the PBX.
  • Console or switchboard allows the operator to
    control incoming calls.
  • Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) consisting of
    sensors, power switches and batteries.
  • Interconnecting wiring.
  • Cabinets, closets, vaults and other housings.

11
Private Branch Exchange (PBX)
  • Home and Small Business Usage
  • Historically, the expense of full-fledged PBX
    systems has put them out of reach of small
    businesses and individuals
  • Consumer VoIP PBXs now available

12
Private Branch Exchange (PBX)
  • Home and Small Business Usage
  • Open source projects have been available since
    the beginning of the 90s.
  • These projects provide flexibility and features
    (often not needed or understood by average
    users), plus the means to actually inspect and
    change the inner working of a PBX.
  • They have also opened business opportunities for
    newcomers to the market of mid-size PBXs, since
    they have lowered the entry barrier for new
    manufacturers

13
Private Branch Exchange (PBX)
  • PBX Features
  • PBXs offer many other calling features and
    capabilities, including
  • Call accounting
  • Call forwarding
  • Call transfer
  • Call waiting
  • Conference call
  • Interactive voice response
  • Music on hold
  • Voice mail

14
Private Branch Exchange (PBX)
  • Asterisk
  • Complete IP PBX in software
  • Created by Mark Spencer of Digium, Inc in 1999
  • Cross platform - Linux, Mac OS X, OpenBSD,
    FreeBSD and Sun Solaris
  • All common features, and many advanced features
    that are often associated with high end (and high
    cost) proprietary PBXs
  • Many protocols VoIP protocols

15
Private Branch Exchange (PBX)
  • Asterisk
  • Wide interoperability with almost all
    standards-based telephony equipment
  • Open Source - GPL
  • Most popular open source VoIP software available
  • Key Features All of the above PBX features and
    more

16
Private Branch Exchange (PBX)
  • FreePBX
  • FreePBX is a Standardised Implementation of
    Asterisk that gives you a GUI to manage your
    system
  • You cant plug a phone into Asterisk and make it
    work without editing configuration files, writing
    dialplans, etc
  • FreePBX simplifies this by giving you a
    pre-written set of dialplans that allow you to
    have a fully functional PBX

17
Private Branch Exchange (PBX)
  • FreePBX
  • Some of the features that FreePBX supports out of
    the box are
  • Unlimited number of Voicemail boxes
  • Ring Groups with calls confirmation (so if, eg, a
    mobile phone is out of range and diverts to
    voicemail, all the other phones keep ringing)
  • Unlimitied number of Conferences (limited by
    available CPU power - about 300 simultaneous
    users in conferences on a P4 3ghz dual core!)

18
Private Branch Exchange (PBX)
  • FreePBX
  • Music on Hold (via MP3s, or streamed off the
    internet)
  • Call Queues

19
Private Branch Exchange (PBX)
  • Extensions
  • An extension refers to any end point on the
    branch exchange
  • Phones, Faxes, Modems can all be connected to
    extensions
  • Codec issues make connecting Faxes and Modems to
    VoIP PBXes difficult

20
Asterisk - Activities
  • Practical Exercise Connect to a static Extension

21
Asterisk - Activities
  • Practical Exercise Order a wakeup call
  • Dial 62
  • Enter time in military format (e.g. 0800 for 800
    am)
  • PBX will call your extension at nominated time

22
Asterisk - Activities
  • Practical Exercise Order a wakeup call
  • Dial 62
  • Enter time in military format (e.g. 0800 for 800
    am)
  • PBX will call your extension at nominated time

23
Asterisk
  • Creating Extensions
  • An extension needs to be created on the PBX
    before phones can connect to it
  • FreePBX is a web based tool that allows an
    operator to create extensions and generally
    configure Asterisk

24
Asterisk - Activity
  • Practical Exercise Using FreePBX to create new
    extensions

25
Asterisk - Demonstration
  • Demonstration Quick Tour of Trixbox /FreePBX
  • Welcome Page
  • System Status Overview
  • System gt System Info
  • OS and Hardware Info
  • System gt System maint
  • Shows service status and allows shutdown/reboot
    of server

26
Asterisk - Demonstration
  • Asterisk gt Asterisk Info
  • Shows SIP registrations
  • Shows Trunk Status
  • Asterisk gt CDR Report
  • Shows all calls made/received
  • Asterisk gt FreePBX

27
Asterisk
  • FreePBX is used for the majority of the Asterisk
    configuration
  • Setup Creation of Extensions, Feature Codes,
    Trunks, etc
  • Tools FreePBX admin Adding Modules, etc
  • Reports More Dialed/ Received Call Reports
  • Panel Flash Operator Panel
  • Recordings Web based access to voicemail and
    recordings

28
Asterisk - Activity
  • Practical Exercise Spoken Extension Number
  • Dial 65
  • Asterisk will tell you your extension number

29
Asterisk - Activity
  • Practical Exercise Echo Test
  • Dial 43
  • After a short introduction everything you say
    will be repeated

30
Asterisk - Activity
  • Practical Exercise Speaking Clock
  • Dial 60
  • Current time on Asterisk Server will be read out

31
Asterisk - Activity
  • Practical Exercise Use freePBX to create a
    voice mailbox
  • FreePBX gt Extensions

32
Asterisk - Activity
  • Practical Exercise Use a softphone to configure
    voicemail
  • Dial 97
  • Enter password
  • Follow the prompts

33
Asterisk - Activity
  • Practical Exercise Use a softphone to access
    voice mail
  • Dial 97 from your own extension or 98 from
    someone elses
  • Follow the prompts

34
Asterisk - Activity
  • Practical Exercise Use Asterisk Recording
    Interface to access voice mail
  • Click on the Recordings option in FreePBX
  • Sign in with extension and Voice Mail Pass
  • Intuitive Web Interface for access to voice mail
    recordings
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