Rome: Republic To Empire 500 BC14 AD

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Rome Republic To Empire500 BC-14 AD

• Key Terms
• Roman Constitution
• Consul
• Roman Citizenship
• Julius Caesar
• Octavian/Augustus
• Dole

• Romes Rise
• Origins/Geography
• Politics
• Expansion
• Why/How?
• War-Lords
• Military Power
• Caesar (100-44 BC)
• Octavian (63 BC-14 AD)
• Rise
• Pax Romana

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Mythology Founding Rome
Romulus Remus founded Rome. Their father, the
god Mars, left them to die but were saved by a
she-wolf.
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Ancient Italy

• People first lived in area about 1400 BC
• Tiber River was crucial for farming and
  transportation

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Roman Constitution(Three Branches To Check The
Others)

• Consuls had supreme military and political power.

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Office Of Consul

• Consuls introduced legislation led armies.
• Two were elected to a term of one year each
  each could block or veto the actions of the
  other.
• The Senate could name one consul dictator for
  six months in times of crisis.

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Roman Constitution(Three Branches To Check The
Others)

• Consuls had supreme military and political power.

• Senate-about 300 men from leading families
  controlled finances and foreign policy.

• Assemblies-included all adult male citizens who
  voted on all laws (but usually followed advice of
  Senate).

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Romes Rise(By 265 BC Italy Was United With Rome
As Its Capital)
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Roman Conquest

• The Romans had the best trained and equipped
  forces were large in number (ages 16-60).

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Roman Army

• Divided into Legions (5,500-6,000 troops)
• Subdivided into Centuries with different
  specialties

Cavalry
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Helmut Gladius
Gladius Most important weapon
Initially they were leather, then bronze
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Roman Soldiers

• VERY highly trained disciplined
• Largely ate a vegetarian diet
• Cowardice Unforgivable sin
• Soldiers received little or no pay

Wearing armor
Wearing helmet shield
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Roman Conquest

• The Romans had the best trained and equipped
  forces were large in number (ages 16-60).

• Local rule and Citizenship was granted to many
  they conquered all rebellion was CRUSHED.

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Roman Citizenship

• Included All over 15 whose parents were
  citizens or individuals granted citizenship.
• Rights Immunity from torture right to appeal
  suffrage (votefor males).
• Responsibilities Military Service (males
  16-60) cant hold office unless 10 year military
  veteran.

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Roman Conquest

• The Romans had the best trained and equipped
  forces that were large in number (ages 16-60).
• Local rule and Citizenship was granted to many
  they conquered all rebellion was CRUSHED.

• Romans built roads of that literally bound the
  empire together.

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War-Lords Military Power

• Military leaders eventually had a tremendous
  amount of political power they brought wealth
  (tax money) to the state.

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Gaius Julius Caesar

• From a wealthy family.
• Commissioner of public works.
• 59 BC elected consul.
• Successfully conquered Gaul.
• Won the civil war and was named dictator.

(100-44 BC)
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Caesars Impact Today

• Updated the calendar (365 days).
• Month of his birth is July.
• Caesarian Section?

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Augustus(31 BC-14 AD)
Ushered in the Pax Romanatremendous prosperity
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Octavian/AugustussPax Romana

• Decentralized government by allowing more local
  government.
• Improved city life.

• Established the dole.

• Instituted religious and social reform.

• Laws curbed adultery and pre-marital sex
  rewarded large families.

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Rome Republic To Empire500 BC-14 AD

• Key Terms
• Roman Constitution
• Consul
• Roman Citizenship
• Julius Caesar
• Octavian/Augustus
• Dole

• Romes Rise
• Origins/Geography
• Politics
• Expansion
• Why/How?
• War-Lords
• Military Power
• Caesar (100-44 BC)
• Octavian (63 BC-14 AD)
• Rise
• Pax Romana