GANT Introduction and Operational Point of View

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GÉANT Introduction and Operational Point of View

• Nicolas Simar, DANTE
• RUN Seminar, Liege (BE), 26 November 2008

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Agenda

• Topologies at different layers.
• The equipments
• Highlight the different technologies used.
• NOC

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Transit Network
GEANT
Belnet
FCCN
ULg
UC
User A
User B
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The 7 Generations of European RE Networks
UnderlyingTechnology
Services
Datagram IP
PDH circuits
IP ATM
ATM over SDH
IP only
waves
hybrid
fibre
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Multi-Gigabit pan-European Research
Network Backbone Topology

• Backbone capacity in
• the range of
• 34Mb/s-10Gb/s
• Dark Fibre DWDM
• SDH or Ethernet.

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Topology

• 11 providers
• Dark Fibre
• True SDH service or lambda with SDH presentation
  (DWDM underlying technology).
• Unprotected SDH services resiliency at the IP
  level (most of the time).
• Physical path constrains the delay.

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Agenda

• Topologies at different layers.
• The equipments
• Highlight the different technologies used.
• NOC

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PoP Equipment

• Rack
• Routers (redundancy)
• DWDM equipments transponders.
• SDH switch
• Internals
• Ethernet Switch.
• Terminal Server.
• ISDN and PSTN modems
• Resilient power-supply
• Workstations for monitoring

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Multi-Gigabit pan-European Research
Network Backbone Topology

• Backbone capacity in
• the range of
• 34Mb/s-10Gb/s
• Dark Fibre DWDM
• SDH or Ethernet.

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Transport Equipment
Alcatel 1626 LM (Light Manager)
Alcatel 1678 MCC (Metro Core Connect)
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From ? To
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Agenda

• Topologies at different layers.
• The equipments
• Highlight the different technologies used.
• NOC

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IP Protocols

• AS 20965 (www.ripe.net -gt whois)
• Dual stack IPv4 and IPv6
• IPv4 address range 62.40.96.0/19
• IPv6 address range 2001798/32
• IGP IS-IS
• Implemented on GÉANT for historical reasons
  (IPv6)
• developed by OSI link state protocol
• address (49.0001.1921.6803.2001.00)
• link metric

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ISIS costs (GEANT)
10 Gbps
2.5 Gbps
622 Mbps
155 Mbps
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IP Protocols (2)

• MBGP
• eBGP with external network
• iBGP full mesh (small amount of routers)
• local preference, MED, communities
• reachability information of the multicast sources
• MPLS
• L2 VPN (for the testbed, for specific projects)
• LSP stitching (for specific projects)

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IP Protocols (3)

• PIM-SM (multicast)
• Protocol Independent Multicast-Sparse Mode
• building multicast forwarding tree
• provide join capabilities of local receivers
• MSDP (Multicast Source Discovery Protocol)
• communicate the availability of multicast sources
  between Autonomous Systems
• Several routing tables out of which the best
  routes installed in the forwarding table (gt280k
  prefixes).

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Services

• IP services
• Best Effort (IPv4 and IPv6)
• Premium IP (IP QoS IPv4)
• Less than Best Effort (IP QoS IPv4)
• Multicast (IPv4)
• L2 VPN
• L2 circuits (1GigE, 10GigE, 2.5Gbps and 10Gbps
  SDH)

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Agenda

• Topologies at different layers.
• The equipments
• Highlight the different technologies used.
• NOC

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Monitoring

• Link status, equipment status
• Link utilisation
• routing protocols status, link status, router
  load
• Troubleshooting tools
• ping
• Traceroute
• Router show commands
• Vendor knowledge base

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Utilisation 4 sec avg vs 5 min avg
20 min ago, one jump of 100Mbps (5 min average
link utilisation)

Same Event, 1400 secs ago (around 23 min) but
seen with a 4 second average Three jumps of
350Mbps during several seconds followed by one
jump of 1Gbps
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BWCTL
Over two weeks maximum variation max-min
3Mbps One drop to 920Mbps.
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Stable delay
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Network Operation

• NOC (Paris)
• Configure.
• Monitor.
• Answer call.
• Liaise with providers.
• Update of router OS (evolve and have a limited
  lifetime)
• new feature.
• bug fix.

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Most Frequent problems

• Loss of circuits connectivity, SDH errors,
  maintenance work (below IP type of problem)
• Hardware fault
• Mis-configuration
• Customer complain about transfer rate and blame
  the network (whilst most of the time, the problem
  is local to them).