BENEFICIAL USE OF COAL COMBUSTION WASTE

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BENEFICIAL USE OF COAL COMBUSTION WASTE OTHER
INDUSTRIAL MATERIALS How States Can Make A
Difference

• ECOS Spring Meeting
• March 22 24, 2009
• Suzanne Bangert
• Deputy Administrator
• Air Waste Division
• Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources

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ECOS Resolution 08-14The Regulation of Coal
Combustion Products

• Supports the safe, beneficial reuse of CCW,
  including for geotechnical fill civil
  engineering
• Calls upon USEPA collaborative dialogue with
  states to develop promote a national framework
  for beneficial use of CCW including use
  principles and guidelines, and to accelerate
  markets development
• CCP Other Industrial Byproducts ? Material
• Many State Beneficial Use Programs
• US EPA Partnerships

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ASTSWMO Beneficial Use Surveys 1999 2006

• 80 of the 40 respondent states have programs
• 64 waste materials
• Multiple uses fertilizer, soil amendment, raw
  material substitute, fill material
• States implementing improved programs
• Effective Management w/ regulatory oversight
  (categories, generic, case-by-case, risk-based)
• Sparse State Resources
• Few Measurements
• Specific 2009 Survey Coal Ash Management

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Wisconsin Beneficial Use Program Key NR 538
Elements

• Self implementing/Case-by-Case Approval
• Five categories of industrial byproducts
• Beneficial uses allowed for each category
• Testing requirements standards for each
  category
• Notification of WDNR for larger projects
• Annual reports on use to the WDNR
• Property owner notification for geotechnical fill
  projects

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Establishment of Industrial Byproduct Categories
and Types of Beneficial Uses in NR538
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Wisconsin Uses

• Raw Material for Manufacturing
• Cold Weather Road Abrasive
• Confined Unconfined Geotechnical Fill
• Bonded Un-bonded Surface Course
• Waste Stabilization/Solidification
• Supplemental Fuel Source
• Decorative Stone
• Re-burn of Landfilled Ash
• Encapsulated Embankment
• Capped Embankment
• Landfill Daily Cover
• Asphalt Roads

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System Sand
Confined Geotechnical Fill
(NR 538 Category 1 -4)
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Foundry System Sand 50,000 yds.
Industrial Park
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Flowable Fill
Fly Ash - System Sand Mix
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WI Beneficial Use Rate

• COAL ASH (2006) 1 86
• 1,131,105 yds3 available
• FGD GYPSUM (2008) 90
• 100,000 yds3 available
• FOUNDRY SAND SLAG (2003) 45
• 848,186 yds3 available
• PAPERMILL SLUDGE (2003) 66
• 1,730,000 yds3 available
• 1 Nationally Ash (2005) 41 - 43
• American Coal Ash Assoc. (2005)

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FGD Gypsum
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Fly Ash in Soil Cement Road Application
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Benefits of Use

• Greenhouse gas emission reductions
• Foundry Sands 14 26 tons CO2/1000yds3 used
• Fly Ash 0.70 tons CO2/ton as Portland Cement
  Sub.
• FGD gypsum 0.09 tons CO2/ton in Wallboard
• Energy savings
• Foundry Sands 146 293 mBTUs/1000yds3 used
• Fly Ash 4mBTUs/ton as Portland Cement Sub.
• FGD gypsum 11.9mBTUs/ton in Wallboard
• Water Conservation
• Conserves Landfill Space
• Economic (generator and end-user)
• Source USEPA, February, 2008

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Federal Collaboration Partnerships

• US EPA Resource Conservation Challenge Program
• C2P2
• Industrial Materials Recycling
• Life Cycle Analysis
• Risk Assessment Development
• Recycled Materials Research Centers
• Green Highways Partnership
• By-product Synergy
• US Business Council
• US Dept. of Transportation

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Foundry Sands Collaboration

• Multi-stakeholder Action Plan
• Strategic effort to increase reuse and coordinate
  resources across all stakeholder groups
• Establishes an industry goal to achieve 50 reuse
  by 2015
• ASTSWMOs Beneficial Use Task Force helping to
  identify key challenges and action items
• Builds on existing resources, including the EPA
  State Toolkit for Developing Beneficial Reuse
  Programs for Foundry Sand
• Potential for ECOS involvement

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Challenges

• Business Case for Industry End-user
• Sustainable Markets local, regional, national
• Infrastructure
• Changing Materials (ex. Air emission controls)
• Measurements
• Public Acceptance/Perception
• Resources
• Regulatory Processes

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Future Considerations

• Continue collaboration amongst States, with
  USEPA
• CCP Resolution Framework
• Foundry Sands Action Plan
• Larger Beneficial Use Framework
• Risk Assessments, Life Cycle Analysis, Decision
  Tools
• Connections with other federal agencies
  (Transportation, Commerce, Business Council)
• Sustainable Markets Development including
  Public/Private Partnerships