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Green Building Design

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Title: Green Building Design


1
Green Building Design
2
Overview
  • Convergent design problem involving innovation
    and resource preservation
  • Prioritizing energy and resource management in
    our day-to-day lives

3
Green Building Design
  • Presenters Kenneth Chan
  • Jane Yip
  • BESc. Civil

4
Project Location Dimensions
  • Attach to the Spencer Engineering Building on its
    East wall
  • A passageway is designed on the 2nd floor which
    will provide access to the Thompson Engineering
    Building.
  • Entrance to Spencer Engineering Building on 2nd
    and 3rd floor
  • The Engineering Green Building will be 33m by
    32.5m
  • 4 floors-each with a height of 13ft

5
1st Floor - Students
  • Common facilities
  • (Computer lab, club space, reference libraries,
    student workspace, etc)
  • Green water fountain feature with irrigation
    water system (symbolization of earth)
  • Atrium (natural sunlight, enhance air quality)
  • Shades (solar panels)

6
2nd Floor- Faculty members
  • 19 standard size offices
  • 2 conference rooms
  • 2 Dean offices with reception space
  • Green balcony (green grid system)

7
3rd Floor Graduate students
  • 17 (4) grad students offices
  • 6 Admin offices
  • 2 Standard Laboratories

8
4th floor - Laboratories
  • 6 Standard Laboratories
  • 2 Seminar Rooms

9
Green roof
  • Elt Green System
  • Pre-grown interlock green roof tiles 100cm x
    100cm
  • Advantages
  • Help address the Urban Heat Island Effect
  • storm water runoff

10
Structural Design
  • Fly Ash Concrete
  • Inert Non-Toxic (Study conduted by David Budac
    at UWO)
  • Uses Recycled Materials
  • Saves Energy by 32 to 44 (Study conducted by
    Piete VanderWerf at University of Boston)
  • Early Stage of design, a 1-way 2-way gravity
    flooring system supporting by Beams Columns
  • Modified to become a flat slab system with drop
    panels

11
Loading Summary (OBC1997)
12
Loading Summary (OBC1997)
13
Slab
  • Slab thickness 270mm
  • (A23.3 Cl. 13.3.4)
  • Drop Panel Thickness 200mm
  • Panel Size 1300 mm X 1300 mm
  • (A23.3 Cl. 13.11.6)

1300mm
14
Column Design
  • Transfer loads at level 2,3,4 Roof into the
    ground
  • Length 3m
  • Square columns
  • 400 x 400 mm
  • Span Length 6.25m and 6.55m

15
LEED Certification
  • Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
  • is a rating system that is created by the U.S
    Green Building Council.
  • provides a common standard and complete
    framework for assessing building performance and
    sustainability goals.
  • Achieved 26 points
  • (Rank Certified,26 32 points)
  • Scoring Categories (Sustainable Sites, Material
    Resources)
  • 10 points contribution by electrical, mechanical
    and software departments
  • Final performance level Silver

16
Incorporating an Alternative Energy into the HVAC
System for Green Building Design
  • Presenter John Cummings BESc. Mechanical

17
Modeling the Building
  • The building was modeled using HAP 4.2 in order
    to determine the peak heating and cooling loads,
    which were 2165MBtu/hr, 99 tons respectively.
  • Each floor was broken down into 5 zones, north,
    south, west and east exterior, as well as an
    interior zone.
  • The system was then designed based on the cooling
    loads.

18
Closed Loop System Geothermal System
19
System Design
Intake
Exhaust
FRESH AIR UNIT
BOILER
ZONE
HP
20
Capital Costs
Projections from 2005 project, quote from
Empire Construction Priced from Trane
21
Capital Costs
Oil furnace _at_ 60 efficiencyElectric furnace _at_
100 efficiencyPropane furnace _at_ 70
efficiency Ground Source Heat Pump COP 3.15
22
Costs of System
COP of 1.5 COP of 3.35
23
Simple Payback
24
CO2 Emissions
Emissions rates 114.4 lb / GJ of natural gas
and 0.88 lb/kw-hr
25
Pluggable Automated Conditioning System
  • Presenter Usman Choudhary
  • BESc. Software

26
Software for the Green
  • Control Environment
  • Design approach to converge multiple control
    systems
  • Framework design ensures a better expandability
    of the control systems in case of future
    enhancements

27
Implementation Details
  • Unified Modeling Language Design
  • Rational Rose
  • Implementation
  • Data Acquisition Card
  • Microsoft Visual Studio .Net Framework
  • C / C
  • MySQL Database Server
  • Structured Query Language

28
Interface-Oriented Design
  • Interfaces outline business contracts
  • E.g. Getting sensor value Set Maximum Limit etc.
  • Expandability
  • Business contracts are inherited
  • Flexibility
  • Interface defines object interactions

29
Business Class Design
30
Business Case
31
Database Design
32
Functionality Overview
  • Setup and Manage Sensors, Units of Measure,
    Controls
  • Manage Errors
  • real time application
  • On-line interfacing
  • Poll sensors
  • Automate events based on sensor results

33
Weather Watcher
  • Weather Watcher Expansion to the temperature
    control system
  • Allow the system to maintain a temperature in
    accordance with the external temperature
  • Use a web service to attain the current
    temperature and condition the rooms accordingly

34
Efficient Lighting System For the Green Building
  • Presenters Billal Zeitoun
  • Shereen Mathews
  • BESc. Electrical

35
Efficient Lighting System for the Green Building
  • Lighting Technologies to be Used
  • T8 F25 ( 2- 4 tubes)
  • Light Intensity sensor technology (turns off 1or
    2 tubes)
  • Timer technology (turns off 1 or 2 tubes from 12
    am - 6am)
  • Up-lighting
  • LED (with current drivers)
  • In elevators
  • Task lighting
  • Exit signs
  • Compact Fluorescents
  • Timer technology (turns off one tube from 12 am
    -6am)
  • Motion sensors
  • Light Shelves Sky lights
  • Future Technology Light pipes
  • With Reflective material

36
Light Intensity Sensor Circuit for
Fluorescents Turn off one tube in a 2 tube
fixture ( or 2 tubes off in a 4 tube fixture)
when intensity goes below 25fc. Prototype can be
demonstrated after the presentation
  • The Fluorescent Timer
  • A 555 Timer installed to the Fluorescent
    fixtures
  • Between 12am and 6am, half of the tubes in a
    fixture will turn off in hallways.

37
White LEDs
  • Innovative technology
  • Can be used for illuminating purposes
  • Up to 47 lumen/watts
  • Satisfy lighting requirements of elevators 10
    fc
  • Lasts 10 times longer than fluorescents
  • No UV
  • Needs constant current for uniform brightness
  • Prototype demonstration during Q A session

38
Light Shelf Design
  • Prevent the sunrays from coming in contact with
    the equipment and material.
  • Increase the intensity of the light in the space
    by reflecting the sunrays onto its ceiling.
  • Very cost effective and extremely helpful
    specially in the laboratories.

39
Financial Analysis
Space 1, using T8 F25 only with timer or/and
light sensors (hallways, inner offices) Space
2, using CFL with timer or/and light sensors
(Vestibules, washrooms, café, stairs) Space 3
using LED (elevators, task lighting) Space 4
using T8 F25 and task lighting LED with light
sensors (offices)
LLF 0.75 CU 0.66 _at_ 0.058/kWh
  • 40 more savings than T8 F32
  • 64 more savings than T5
  • Payback 4 - 6 years new installation
    costs

40
Environment Impact Average Reduced Air Pollution
(lbs. Carbon Dioxide) Energy Savings (kWh) x
1.6 lbs 336,000 Average Reduced Air Pollution
(g. Sulphur Dioxide) Energy Savings (kWh) x 5.3
g 2451 Average Reduced Air Pollution (g.
Nitrogen Oxides) Energy Savings (kWh) x 2.8 g
1295 Reduction of Light Pollution Using
IESNA cut-off standard for egress lighting
Reduce the amount of light wasted lighting up the
atmosphere Timer and sensor technology
Suitable at low temperatures Metal halide
lamps Cut-off lighting fixtures for proper
shielding
41
Summary Light Technology F25 T8 with light
sensors and timers LEDs for illuminating
elevators, washrooms (motion detectors), task
lighting, signage Compact Fluorescents Improved
use of Day-lighting Light shelves and
up-lighting Better working environment Light
Sensors Reduced Light Pollution Efficient
shielding Cost Savings 5080/year at
0.058/kWh Payback 4-6 years
Future Technology
42
Energy System Design for the Green Building
  • Presenters Noella Mabaya
  • Cassie Chow
  • BESc. Electrical

43
System Overview
PV Modules
Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT)
Battery banks
London Hydro
Green building
Inverter
44
MPPT
  • DC to DC converter
  • Goal To optimize the match between solar
    arrays and battery banks.
  • Output of the converter is fed to the input of
    inverter.

45
Inverter
  • Power electronic circuit that transforms DC to AC
    signal.
  • Goal Output a sine wave ( at least close to a
    true sine wave) with 120V rms and a frequency of
    60 Hz.
  • The output is then fed to the Green building by
    passing through the UPS.

46
Conclusion of the Proposed Energy System
  • Goals
  • To maintain the power system at nominal voltage
    and frequency.
  • Generate sufficient power to meet demand of Green
    Building.
  • To maintain optimum economy and security in the
    entire network.

47
Projects Summary
  • Green Building Design
  • Incorporating an Alternative Energy into the HVAC
    System for Green Building Design
  • Pluggable Automated Conditioning System
  • Efficient Lighting System For the Green Building
  • Energy System Design for the Green Building

48
Thank you
  • Questions and Comments Welcome
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