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Food Security in Haiti and Global Environmental Change

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Climate change (increase of CO2 and other greenhouse gases lead to an increase ... Tendency to soil salinization ( saltiness) Water scarcity. Food Availability ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Food Security in Haiti and Global Environmental Change


1
Food Security in Haiti and Global Environmental
Change
  • Perspectives from Université Quisqueya

2
GEC
  • Climate change (increase of CO2 and other
    greenhouse gases lead to an increase in
    temperature, changes in rainfall pattern and
    water demand)
  • Studies related to global environmental change
    stated that the tropical regions (such as Africa
    and Latin America) will suffer more from the
    negative impact of Global Environmental Change.

3
Assumption,
  • The more vulnerable is a country, the poorer it
    will become over years.
  • The poorer is a country, the greater will be the
    impacts of GEC on its food system.

4
(No Transcript)
5
Food Availability
  • Production
  • May decrease due to
  • Change in rainfall pattern
  • Shortening of rainy season
  • Increasing rain intensity
  • Flooding of low land areas
  • Increasing erosion phenomena
  • Severe droughts
  • Tendency to soil salinization (? saltiness)
  • Water scarcity

6
Food Availability
  • This is in harmony with the Ministry of
    Environment 2001 Report on climate change
  • This first Haitian report on climate change
    (based on simulations performed on three crops
    with the MAGICC-SCENGEN software) reveals that
    by year 2030 and year 2060

7
Food Availability
  • Production
  • White potato yield will decrease (even in
    mountainous areas).
  • Rice yield will decrease due to a shortening of
    the growing season linked to a reduction of all
    the other phenological phases.
  • Corn yield will decrease because of a shortening
    of some important phenological phases

8
Food Availability
  • Distribution
  • may be interrupted during the rainy season due
    to the destruction of some vital infrastructures
    (roads, bridges)
  • This will hamper food circulation between
    Port-au-Prince and the countryside.

9
Food Availability
  • Exchange
  • Importation will increase

10
Food Access
  • Affordability
  • ? purchasing power
  • decrease in agricultural yields
  • Frequent disasters (flood and drought)
  • Inflation (increase of food prices)
  • food unavailability

11
Food Access
  • Allocation
  • ? of the income allocated to food
  • ? income allocated to entertainment, education,
    health

12
Food Access
  • Preference
  • no strong preference

13
Food Utilization
  • Nutritional value
  • Will decrease.
  • More glucide than protein

14
Food Utilization
  • Social value
  • Poverty will increase

15
Food Utilization
  • Food safety
  • Decrease as a result of
  • Increase external food dependency

16
  • All these will vary with the adaptation capacity
  • Use of new crops and/or new varieties more
    adapted to new environmental conditions
  • Adjustment of planting date
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