Internet Has Been A Transformative Infrastructure. Top 2

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GENI Global Environment for Networking
Innovations
To Reinvent the Internet

• Guru ParulkarCISE/NSF
• gparulka_at_nsf.gov

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Internet Has Been A Transformative
Infrastructure Top 20 Engineering Innovations
of 20th Century

• A Century of Innovations(National Academy of
  Engineering)

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State of Internet
in the thirty-odd years since its invention,
new uses and abuses, , are pushing the Internet
into realms that its original design neither
anticipated nor easily accommodates. Freezing
forevermore the current architecture would be bad
enough, but in fact the situation is
deteriorating. These architectural
barnaclesunsightly outcroppings that have
affixed themselves to an unmoving architecture
may serve a valuable short-term purpose, but
significantly impair the long-term flexibility,
reliability, security, and manageability of the
Internet. Overcoming Barriers to Disruptive
Innovation in Networking, NSF Workshp Report, 05.
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GENI Initiative Goals

• Invent innovative internet architecture(s) and
  distributed system capabilities -- go beyond
  Internet
• Enable seamless conception-to-deployment process
• Facility for experimentation at scale with apps
  and users
• Work with broader community
• Academic and industry communities
• Other US and international agencies

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Outline

• GENI research rationale
• GENI facility rationale and design
• Opportunities for participation
• Example architecture themes and systems

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The Internet Hourglass
Everything on IP
IP
Modified John Doyle Slide
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Internet and WEB Hourglass
Everything on WEB
HTTP
IP
Ethernet
802.11
Satellite
Optical
Power lines
Bluetooth
ATM
Modified John Doyle Slide
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Internet Architecture Concerns

• Security and robustness
• Control and management
• Addressing, naming (inter-domain) routing
• End-to-end principle vs in-network processing
• Mobility of hosts and networks
• Economic viability of different stakeholders

9
Mobile Wireless Trends

• 2B cell phones
• 400M cell phones with Internet capability --
  rising rapidly
• New data devices (blackberry, PDA, iPod) and
  services
• 240M vehicles on the road -- to get network
  connectivity
• Mobile wireless to dominate future computing and
  communication
• Current Internet not designed for mobile wireless

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Embedded Physical World
New Machines
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Networking the Physical World

• Internet architecture not designed to network the
  physical world

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Photonics Integration Trends
High capacity dynamic optical networks a
certainty Current Internet architecture not
designed to take advantage of it
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Distributed System Capabilities

• Information dissemination
• Standard and streaming media stored and real
  time
• Management and sharing of personal information
• Balance of privacy and accountability
• Networked embedded systems
• Networked robotics, power grid, and smart spaces
• Location aware services human and object
• Identity management human and object
• And many more

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Digital Living 2010
Tomorrows users will be surrounded by pervasive
devices, embedded sensors and systems all
connected to the Internet.
Thanks to David Kotz at Dartmouth
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Network Centric Critical Infrastructures
Essential Utilities
Internet Architectureis NOT robust enough to
support these
Transportation
Telecommunications Banking Finance
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Future Internet?
Distributed Systems and Services?
Network and Protocol Architectures?
New Paradigms?
Internet Arch LimitationsErosion
Applications User Requirements
EnablingTechnologies
NetworkCapabilities

• Need a clean-slate approach

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GENI Research Programs

• Broad but goal oriented programs New internet
  architectures and distributed system capabilities

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Fundamental Change in Mindset Needed

• Dont ask how a new technology/application fits
  within the existing Internet architecture
• Think how a new technology/network/application
  can shape the Future Internet in realizing its
  potential?

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Outline

• GENI research rationale
• GENI facility rationale and design
• Opportunities for participation
• Example architecture themes and systems

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Conception-to-DeploymentCase for GENI Facility
Shared DeployedInfrastructure
Need for Large experimental facility/infrastructu
re
This chasm represents a majorbarrier to impact
real world
Small Scale Testbeds
Maturity
ResearchPrototypes
Foundations Research
Funded by CISE Programs
Time
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Facility Goals

• Enable exploration of new network architectures,
  mechanisms, and distributed system capabilities
• A shared facility that allows
• Concurrent exploration of a broad range of
  experimental networks and distributed services
• Interconnection among experimental networks the
  commodity Internet
• Users and applications able to opt-in
• Observation, measurement, and recording of
  outcomes
• Help develop stronger scientific base

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Facility Design Key Concepts
Slicing, Virtualization, Programmability
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Facility Architecture How do Parts Fit Together?
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Scope of Research Experiments
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GENI Status

• Research programs
• Several launched and others getting formulated
• Facility
• Facility definition proceeding as per MREFC
  process
• The big funding expected in FY10

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GENI Status Another Look

• Stage is set to focus on reinventing the
  Internet
• Change of mindset
• Priority setting and resource commitment
• High level research direction and facility
  definition
• Fun begins exciting opportunities/challenges
• Identify specific research directions
• Explore innovative ideas and rewarding research
• Develop technologies and systems
• Help change the world -- one more time

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Outline

• GENI research rationale
• GENI facility rationale and design
• Opportunities for participation
• Example architecture themes and systems

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Opportunities for Participation

• Submit targeted proposals to programs
• FIND, Cyber Trust, CSR,
• Participate in GENI definition
• Town hall meetings
• Discussion lists
• Working groups and planning group
• Plan to build and use components of GENI
• CRI and MRI programs
• Work with GENI Project Office
• Plan to use GENI
• Propose and prototype exciting new architectures

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Stanfords Opportunity to Lead

• Shared vision clean slate program
• Depth and breadth of expertise
• Availability of resources
• University, industry, state, federal agencies
• Reinventing Internet is Stanford-hard challenge

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Outline

• GENI research rationale
• GENI facility rationale and design
• Opportunities for participation
• Example architecture themes and systems

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Architectural Themes

• Innovation oriented architecture (IOA)
• Service oriented architecture
• Technology driven cross layer architecture

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IOA Theme Rationale

• Two extremes have dominated telecom so far
• Phone network smart network, dumb endpoints
• Internet dumb network and smart endpoints
• Reinvented Internet can we have best of both?
• Allow network providers to provide value added
  services
• Empower end users to innovate
• Allow user-centric innovations to migrate to
  networks
• Democratization of Innovations by Eric von
  Hippel
• Manufactured-centered and user-centric innovations

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Empowers Network Providers Users

• Supports virtual network, provides protection and
  isolation
• Empowers end users to create virtual networks of
  their spec

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IOA Theme Challenges

• Overall architecture and protocols
• Lot of hard problems to address
• Security
• Off by default, flow/capability, virtual networks
• New challenges with users virtual networks
• Applicability to cellular infrastructure
• Economic viability and new policy requirements

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Service Oriented Architecture Theme

• Current services emphasis assumes Internet cannot
  be changed.
• What if we can do services and Internet together
  in a clean slate way?
• Internet does more than packet delivery
• Information dissemination
• Integration of sensor networks
• Data aggregation, data-oriented connectivity and
  search
• Virtualization
• service customization, resource allocation
  isolation
• And more?
• Lot of interesting problems and opportunities

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Technology Driven Architecture Theme

• Technologies offer new capabilities how to
  exploit them?
• Optical networks dynamic circuits and topologies
• Cognitive radios flexible use of spectrum,
  dynamic topologies
• Location awareness
• Technologies have peculiarities how to expose
  them?
• Wireless error rate, fading,
• Sensor networks energy efficiency tradeoffs
• Cross layer ideas show lot of potential
• Challenge and opportunity how to create a
  workable architecture around cross layer ideas?

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Future Internet Node Wired

• Supports
• Switching and routing
• Programmability and virtualization
• Multiple protocol stacks users virtual
  networks
• Provides
• High capacity
• Smaller foot print
• Lower power
• Exploits technologies
• VLSI ASIC, FPGA, multi-core, smart memories
• Optical transmission within and outside the
  system
• Opto-electronic switching and routing

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Future Internet Node Wireless

• Supports
• Broad spectrum and multiple bands
• Cellular, fixed wireless, unlicensed bands,
• Programmable radio interfaces and cross-layer
  design
• Modularity programmability for virtual networks
  (new services)
• Provides
• High capacity
• Smaller foot print
• Lower power
• Exploits technologies
• Cross-layer optimization
• MIMO
• Software defined radios and cognitive radios
• VLSI ASIC, FPGA, multi-core,
• Commodity hardware server blades

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A Century of Innovations

• Infrastructure innovations have transformative
  impact on the society
• Electrification
• Water supply and distribution
• Highways
• Radio and television
• Telephone
• Internet
• Every established infrastructure has undergone
  major overhaul a few times
• Internet cannot and will not be an exception

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Summary

• Internet impacted the world in a way few
  inventions have
• Federal agencies research community played a
  critical role
• Urgent and important need to reinvent the
  Internet
• We have an opportunity and obligation to lead
• GENI a compelling initiative in support of this
  mission
• The result may be even greater and far-reaching
  than the invention of current Internet
• Stanford has an opportunity to lead

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Acknowledgments

• The GENI Planning Group
• Peterson, Anderson, Blumenthal, Casey, Clark,
  Estrin, Evans, McKeown, Raychaudhuri, Reiter,
  Rexford, Shenker, Turner, Wroclawski,
• The GENI Working Groups
• Research Coordination
• Facility Architecture
• Backbone
• Mobile wireless sensor networks
• Distributed services
• Planning grant workshops participants
• CISE GENI Team
• And others

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More Information

• www.nsf.gov/cise/geni
• www.geni.net