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SLAB CLAY CONSTRUTION

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STYLES & TIME PERIODS FOR AMERICAN ARCHITECTURE. Colonial Architecture 1600-1820. Dutch Colonial ... Late Modernism. Post-Modernism. COLONIAL ARCHITECTURE ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: SLAB CLAY CONSTRUTION


1
SLAB CLAY CONSTRUTION
  • Architectural Bird Box Unit
  • Ceramics 1

2
VOCABULARY
  • Drying
  • Scoring
  • Leather-hard
  • Slab
  • Plasticity
  • Slip
  • Relief
  • Wedging
  • Rib

3
THE 3 BASICS OF DESIGN IN ARCHITECTURE
  • Style
  • Form
  • Structure

4
STYLES TIME PERIODS FOR AMERICAN ARCHITECTURE
  • Architecture Between Wars c. 1920-1940
  • Prairie Style
  • Modernistic
  • Craftsman
  • Art Deco Style c. 1923-1940
  • Post WWII Architecture c. 1945-1965
  • Formalism
  • International II
  • Late Twentieth-Century 1965-present
  • Late Modernism
  • Post-Modernism
  • Colonial Architecture 1600-1820
  • Dutch Colonial
  • French Colonial
  • Spanish Colonial
  • Georgian Colonial
  • Romantic Architecture c.1820-1880
  • Greek Revival
  • Gothic Revival
  • Italianate
  • Exotic Revival
  • Octagon
  • Victorian Architecture c. 1870-1900
  • Second Empire
  • Stick
  • Queen Anne
  • Shingle
  • Richardson Romanesque
  • Folk Victorian
  • Art Nouveau (1890-1914)

5
COLONIAL ARCHITECTURE
  • Stately, Symmetrical appearance being rectangular
    shape with two stories.
  • Gables on the side and an entry door at the
    center.
  • To conserve heat, a massive chimney ran through
    the center.
  • An orderly arrangement of windows around a
    central front door.
  • Double-hung windows usually have many small,
    equally sized square panes or candles separated
    with mutton-bars.

GEORGIAN COLONIAL
6
ROMANTIC ARCHITECTURE
  • Elaborate wooden millwork after the Industrial
    Revolution fueled the construction.
  • "Gothic" windows with distinctive pointed arches
  • Exposed framing timbers
  • Steep, vaulted roofs with cross-gables.
  • Extravagant features may include towers and
    verandas.
  • Ornate wooden detailing is generously applied as
    gable, window, and door trim.

GOTHIC REVIVAL
7
VICTORIAN ARCHITECTURE
  • Use of mass-produced ornamentation such as
    brackets, spindles, and patterned shingles.
  • The last true Victorians were constructed in the
    early 1900s.
  • These homes combine modern materials with 19th
    century details, such as curved towers and
    spindled porches.
  • Elaborate exterior trim (gingerbread) and
    carved oak moldings.
  • New machines made it possible to mass-produce
    ornamental features such as moldings, columns,
    and brackets. The expansion of the railroad meant
    that building parts could be sent to far corners
    of the country so people in remote rural areas
    could build fancier homes.

VICTORIAN
8
ART NOUVEAU a world-wide movement
  • Dynamic, undulating, and flowing, with curved
    'whiplash' lines which characterized much of Art
    Nouveau movement.
  • Conventional moldings seem to spring to life and
    'grow' into plant-derived forms.

http//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34
/France_Paris_Grand_Palais_Interieur_03.jpg
GRAND PALAIS INTERIEUR PARIS FRANCE
9
EARLY 20TH CENTURY ARCHITECTURE (contemporary)
  • Exposed functional building elements, such as
    ground-to-ceiling plate glass windows, and smooth
    facades.
  • The style was molded from modern
    materials--concrete, glass, and steel.
  • Characterized by an absence of decoration.
  • Interior and exterior walls merely act as design
    and layout elements, and often feature dramatic,
    but nonsupporting projecting beams and columns

INTERNATIONAL
10
ARCHITECTURE BETWEEN WARS
  • Boxy and symmetrical or low-slung and
    asymmetrical.
  • Roofs are low-pitched, with wide eaves.
  • Brick and clapboard are the most common building
    materials
  • Rows of casement windows
  • One-story porches with massive square supports.
  • Stylized floral and circular geometric
    terra-cotta or masonry ornamentation around
    doors, windows, and cornices.

PRAIRIE STYLE
11
ART DECO STYLE
  • Echoed the Machine Age
  • Geometric decorative elements a vertically
    oriented design.
  • This distinctly urban style was never widely used
    in residential buildings
  • Towers and other projections above the roofline
    enhance the vertical emphasis of this style.
  • Flat roofs, metal window casements, and smooth
    stucco walls with rectangular cut-outs mark the
    exteriors of Art Deco homes.
  • Facades are typically flush with zigzags and
    other stylized floral, geometric, and "sunrise"
    motifs.
  • By 1940 the Art Deco style had evolved into "Art
    Moderne," which features curved corners,
    rectangular glass-block windows, and a boat-like
    appearance.

ART DECO
12
POST WWII ARCHITECTURE
  • Two versions the flat-roof and gabled types. The
    latter is often characterized by exposed beams.
  • Both types tend to be one-story tall and were
    designed to incorporate the surrounding landscape
    into their overall look.

CONTEMPORARY
13
LATE 20TH CENTURY ARCHITECTURE
  • The walls of the building create planes,
    which enclose the building.
  • The walls tend to be very smooth with little
    interruption including windows that are level
    with the walls themselves.
  • These smooth-surfaced buildings define a volume
    enclosed by the building.
  • Symmetry is rejected in favor of regularity.
    Under these principals, the facade of buildings
    were designed with windows and doors spaced at
    regular intervals.

SPLIT LEVEL
14
PROCEDURE
  • Plan
  • Draw a blueprint (top, sides, bottom) using
    theme that was inspired by the architectural
    styles you were exposed to.
  • Make a paper pattern to use as a template to
    place on rolled slabs.
  • Cut out slabs to use for walls and roof sections
    for the bird house.
  • Allow slabs to become leather-hard before
    assembling them together.
  • While slabs are becoming more firm, begin
    creating the decorations for the houses.
    (columns, dormers, portches,etc.)
  • Once all pieces are ready, put the house
    together, make sure to sufficiently score and
    slip each and every piece.
  • Allow the houses to dry slowly
  • Fire houses and then paint and spray with acrylic
    clear sealant.

15
THINGS TO THINK ABOUT
  • 1. What type of bird are you making this for?
    Do you need to do some research for this
    assignment?
  • 2. Birds are attracted to boxes that have a
    particular size opening. (use chart Being the
    Best Nest Box Landlord for Songbirds in the
    West)
  • 3. Is this going to be a decoration or a
    functional box?
  • 4. What impact will the architectural style(s)
    have on your planning and the construction of
    sculptural work?
  • 5. Some birds need to have a clean box each
    spring in order for them to build a nest in them.
    So, you will need to have a way to clean out the
    box.
  • 6. How will you bird box be mounted or hung?
    What steps do you need to do ahead of time to
    make it work once it is completed?
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