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Safety in the Movement of People and Materials

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Collision with people or vulnerable plant. Overturning. Items falling from racking or forks ... Inadvertent movements e.g. misapplication of controls. OPM Controls ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Safety in the Movement of People and Materials


1
Safety in the Movement of People and Materials
  • Lift Trucks
  • Conveyors
  • Automated Warehouses

2
Types of Lift Truck
3
Counterbalance Lift Truck
4
Reach Truck
5
Rough-terrain Counterbalance
6
Telescopic Materials Handler
7
Side-loading Lift Truck
8
Pedestrian Controlled Lift Truck
9
Large Lift Truck
10
Lift Truck Hazards
  • Collision with people or vulnerable plant
  • Overturning
  • Items falling from racking or forks
  • Explosion from some batteries
  • Hot exhaust
  • Dangerous parts e.g. chains, drive shafts etc.
  • Driving off edges, into pits etc.
  • Placing loads onto peoples feet

11
Lift Truck Hazards
  • Fumes
  • Noise
  • Whole body vibration
  • Load slipping from forks

12
Lift Truck Control Measures
13
Driver Selection
  • Reliable and mature attitude
  • Physically mentally fit
  • Intelligent
  • Over school leaving age
  • Not under influence of drink/drugs
  • Good vision
  • Good hearing

14
Driver Training
  • Supervisors should receive an appreciation
  • Competent Instructor
  • Records should be kept
  • Test at end of training
  • Employees should be given written authorisation
    at end of training
  • Refresher training as necessary

15
Work Area
  • Separate traffic routes where possible
  • Routes should have sufficient width and clearance
    for largest trucks used
  • Prevent pedestrians entering lift truck areas
  • Eliminate sharp bends or overhead obstructions
    wherever possible
  • Where hazards cannot be removed, use clearly
    marked barriers

16
Work Area
  • Signs, warning devices, mirrors etc.
  • Instructions to sound horns and restrict speed
  • Flexible doors of transparent material where lift
    trucks have to pass through

17
Work Area
  • Edges of loading bays, excavations pits should
    be clearly marked

18
Work Area
  • Where possible, edges should be fitted with
    barriers

19
Work Area
  • Operating areas should be as free as possible of
    obstructions, but supports, columns, pipework,
    racking or other plant may need to be protected
    by special impact barriers

20
Work Area
  • Firm and level surface, ideally concrete or
    similar
  • Potholes should not be allowed to develop
  • Steep gradients should be avoided
  • Adequate lighting
  • Trucks should be parked in a secure area
  • Keys should be kept in a secure place

21
Protecting Pedestrians Operators
  • Segregate pedestrians and vehicles

22
Protecting Pedestrians Operators
  • Clearly mark traffic routes
  • Use audible and visual warning devices
  • High-visibility clothing may be necessary, as
    well as safety boots and hard hats
  • A Roll Over Protection Structure should be fitted
    where there is a risk of overturning and crushing
    operator

23
Protecting Pedestrians Operators
  • Seat belts may be required
  • Falling object protection structures should be
    fitted where there is significant risk of falling
    materials
  • Anyone driving a lift truck on a public road
    should comply with road traffic legislation

24
The Lift Truck
  • Suitable for its intended purpose
  • Travel with loads in lowered position
  • Do not load beyond SWL (safe working load)
  • Dangerous parts should be guarded
  • Eliminate ignition sources in battery charging
    areas
  • Adequate ventilation to disperse fumes

25
Operation of Lift Trucks
  • Issue keys only to authorised people
  • Lower forks when parked
  • Keep to left when operating
  • Sound horn at danger spots
  • Avoid violent braking or sudden changes in
    direction
  • Never travel down slopes with load in front

26
Maintenance
  • Follow manufacturers recommendations
  • Operators should not carry out repairs
  • Trucks that are on loan still need to be checked
    and maintained

27
Operator Checks
  • At beginning of each shift, operator should check
    the following and report any defects to his
    supervisor
  • Tyre pressure and damage
  • Steering and brakes
  • Fuel, water and oil levels
  • Battery levels
  • Masts and hydraulics
  • All controls
  • Horns and other warning systems and
  • Lights mirrors

28
Conveyor Belts
29
Conveyor Hazards
  • In-running nips
  • Entanglement points at rollers
  • Contact with moving parts
  • Materials falling from conveyor
  • Manual Handling/Ergonomics from incorrectly set
    speeds

30
Conveyor Controls
  • Guard in-running nips

31
Conveyor Controls
  • Emergency trip wires or stop buttons
  • Guard power drives and other dangerous parts
  • Nobody allowed to ride on conveyor
  • Operatives should be trained and instructed in
    safe use

32
Conveyor Controls
33
Automated Warehouses Order Picking Machines
(OPMs)
34
OPM Hazards
  • Overturning e.g. overloading, gradients
  • Falls of people, goods or materials
  • Trapping of people in mechanisms
  • Trapping of people against fixed structures
  • People struck by moving OPM
  • Failure of platform supporting mechanism
  • People stranded on platform due to power failure
  • Inadvertent movements e.g. misapplication of
    controls

35
OPM Controls
  • Only trained and authorised persons
  • Comply with SWL
  • Tested and examined every 6 months (LOLER)
  • Prevent access to dangerous parts e.g. chains,
    mast sections etc.
  • Edge protection
  • Suitable overhead guards

36
Automated Warehouse Hazards
  • Collision between AGVs and people
  • Trapping points between AGVs and stationary
    objects or fixed structures
  • Inadvertent movement of AGVs
  • Collapse of palletised loads
  • Collapse of AGV
  • Slips on oil from machines

37
Automated Warehouse Controls
  • Segregate AGVs from pedestrians
  • Trip devices on vehicle bumpers
  • Sensors on vehicles to slow it to a crawl
  • Ensure accurate positioning of AGV at transfer
    points
  • Easily accessible emergency stops
  • Automatic monitoring of safety system

38
Automated Warehouse Controls
  • Audible and visual signals
  • Guard dangerous moving parts
  • Prevent unauthorised human access
  • Pressure sensitive mats
  • Interlocked access gates
  • Permit systems for maintenance
  • Clear warning notices
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