Horizontal Drilling in Kansas

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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Current Status and
Case Histories
Presentation to the Society of Petroleum
Engineers Wichita Chapter January 12,
2000 by Paul Gerlach Research
Scientist Petroleum Research Section Kansas
Geological Survey
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Current Status and
Case Histories
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Background

• History of Horizontal Drilling
• 1891 - First Patent Issued
• 1929 - First Horizontal Oil Well Drilled
• 1950s - Development of Hydraulic Fracturing
  suppressed need for Horizontal Wells
• 1970s used long radius technology to develop
  fields
• w/o navigational technology
• 1980s Advances in Directional Technology to
  Steer Offshore Wells
• 1985 First Austin Chalk Well
• 1990 approx. 1,500 Horizontal Wells Worldwide
• 2000 Est. 20,000 Horizontal Wells Worldwide

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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Background

• What is a Horizontal Well ?
• No API Definition
• Any well put in a reservoir to expose as much
  permeability and porosity as possible
• A Controlled Directional Completion Procedure
• Why Drill Horizontal Wells ?
• Produce Reserves not Drained by Vertical Wells
• Produce Reserves not Economic in Vertical Wells
• A More Efficient Use of Reservoir Drive Energy
• Provide better Rate of Return than Vertical Well

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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Current Status

• Current Status of Non-Vertical Wells (November,
  1999)
• 68 Approved Intent to Drill Applications
• 34 Horizontal Wells Confirmed
• 1 Horizontal Well Reported (not confirmed)
• 3 Deviated Wells Confirmed
• many more but unreported
• 2 Slant (high angle) Wells Confirmed

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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Definitions Terms

• Classification of Horizontal Wells
• Horizontal Well Radius Categories
• Traditionally
• Long - Medium - Short - Ultrashort
• No API Standard
• Currently
• Classified by Bend Rate of Curve
• 2o-8o / 100 Ft. Long Radius
• 8o-35o / 100 Ft. Medium Radius
• 1/2o-2o / Ft. Short Radius
• Determines
• Lateral Length
• Steering Method
• Completion Technique
• Treatment Methods

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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Definitions Terms
Common Terms used to Describe Horizontal Wells
MWD - Measurement While Drilling Azimuth,
Inclination, Measured Depth LWD - Logging While
Drilling most standard vertical hole e-logs PIF
- Productivity Improvement Factor multiplier of
production increase over offset vertical wells
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Definitions Terms
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Opening Remarks

• Caveat Contemplor
• Determining Success of a Horizontal Well
• Requires
• Assessing if Basic Criteria was Accomplished
• Where it is drilled.
• geology - structure stratigraphy
• Why it is drilled.
• reservoir drive mechanism
• What it is drilled for.
• reservoir management
• How it is drilled.
• well design, drilling, completion
• Operator Reporting Prevents Accurate Assessment
  
• Inaccurate
• Incomplete
• Non-existent

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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Current Status

• General Characteristics of the 34 Horizontal
  Wells
• 1st Horizontal Well in Kansas
• Mar-1988, Phillips Petroleum, Trego Co.
• 196 ft. Lateral in Marmaton Frmn.
• Build Rate Radius Ranges
• Shortest 2.7o/ft. / 33 ft.
• Longest 1.4o/100 ft. / 1087 ft.
• Measured Depth / True Vertical Depth
• Shallowest 250 ft. / 200 ft.
• Deepest 7969 ft. / 6190 ft.
• Horizontal Lateral Length
• Shortest 40 ft.
• Longest 1877 ft.
• Most Frequently Drilled Formation
• Mississippian - Osage (7), St Louis (4),
  Spergen-Warsaw (3)

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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Spatial
Distribution and Formation
Chse
Marm
Miss
Arbk
McClth
Bevier
Peru
Gas Stg
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Current Status
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Current Status
Mississippian, et al
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Current Status
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Current Status
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Current Status
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Case Histories
Riffe
McClouth Field
Muhlheim
Lost Springs
Stillwell
Aldrich NE
Hugoton
Wieland W Oppy S
Porter
Cunningham Gas Strg
Shuck
Coffeyville
Chse
Marm
Miss
Arbk
McClth
Bevier
Peru
Gas Stg
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Case Histories -
Winfield Formation
Toe Up
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Case Histories -
Winfield Formation
PIF .89
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Case Histories -
Osage Formation
Toe Up
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Case Histories -
Osage Formation
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Case Histories -
Osage Formation
PIF 3.1
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Case Histories -
Osage Formation
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Case Histories -
Osage Formation
PIF 5.3
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Case Histories -
Spergen-Warsaw Formation
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Case Histories -
Spergen-Warsaw Formation
PIF 2.2
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Case Histories -
St. Louis Formation
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Case Histories -
St. Louis Formation
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Case Histories -
St. Louis Formation
PIF 3.1
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Case Histories -
McClouth Formation
Toe Up
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Case Histories -
McClouth Formation
PIF 5.5
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Case Histories -
Bevier Coal Formation
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Case Histories -
Bevier Coal Formation
PIF 3.4
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Case Histories -
Peru Formation
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Case Histories -
Peru Formation
PIF .58
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Case Histories -
Arbuckle Formation
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Case Histories -
Arbuckle Formation
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Case Histories -
Marmaton Group
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Case Histories -
Viola Formation
Toe Up
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Conclusions

• Currently a Mixed Bag of Successes and Failures
• Best Performing Reservoirs
• Atokan Group - McClouth Best PIF 5.5
• Mississippian - Osage Best PIF 5.3 to 3.1
• Mississippian - St. Louis Best PIF 3.1
• Cherokee Group - Bevier Coal Best PIF 3.4
• Mississippian - Spergen-Warsaw Best PIF 2.2
• Poorest Performing Reservoirs
• Marmaton Group - Peru Best PIF .58
• Chase Group Best PIF .89
• Most Horizontal Candidates not Properly Screened
• All Reservoirs w/ Low BHP Kh Perform Poorly
• Chase Group, Marmaton, Peru, some Mississippian
• All Reservoirs w/ High Rcrvy. Eff. Perform
  Poorly
• Arbuckle, some Mississippian

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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Conclusions

• Many Good Candidates not yet Tested
• Thin Beds in Lansing-Kansas City
• EOR in Multiple Reservoirs
• SAG-D Thermal in Cherokee Sands of SE Kansas
• Attic Oil in Large Structures (Ordv. and Miss.)
• High BHP, Low Kh of Fractured Miss of SC Kansas

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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Conculsions
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Horizontal Drilling in Kansas Acknowledgements
Petroleum Research Section Dr. Timothy
Carr Kansas Corporation Commission Conservation
Division Dave Williams Donna Dill