General Themes 1:

1
General Themes (1)

• Colonization 1. invasion
• India U.K.
• the Caribbean Holland, Spain, France, U.K.
• Metaphor Caliban
• Colonization 4 neo-colonialism U.S.

• Colonization 2. Settlement
• CanadaU. K.
• MetaphorMiranda
• Colonization 3. Internal colonialism
• racism against immigrants

2
General Themes (2) Language Cultural Hybridity

• Indian subcontinent -- metaphor Masala
  midnights children, god of small things
  
• causes multiple invasion-colonization language,
  religion, race and caste system
  
• the Caribbean -- metaphor creole (and
  creolization) metissage
  
• causes invasion settlement -colonization
  immigration
  
• - multiple colonizer African slaves
  Asian indenture laborers
  
• Canada -- metaphor mosaic
• causes settlement colonization immigrants
  Multiculturalism Act (1988)

3
General Themes (3) race/gender (class)
relations

• Canadas national identity
• parallel
• Atwoods Trick with Mirror
• Asian-Canadian
• Obasan
• Concubine

• Race/Gender power
• parallel women as double-victims
• opposite Clares hunting experience
• the Caribbeans in Toronto(Rude, Griff)
• poverty, drug, sexism
• inverse racism, defense mechanism survival
  skills

parallel -- opposite
4
General Themes (4) gender/cultural identity

• Diasporic characters
• uncertain identity and emotional
  instability/lack e.g.
  
• Lady from Lucknow
• Happy Together

• A girl/womans uncertain identity in the growing
  process
  
• Antoinette, Annie, Clare
• Naomi
• Double Happiness

Causes social environment, family,
self-insufficiency
5
Which of the following are Canadians?
Saturday Night Life Dan Aykroyd
Jim Carrey
MICHAEL J. FOX
Keanu Reeve
Captain Kirk
Megan Follow asAnne of Green Gables
Paul Anka, Neil Young,Peter Jennings
Pamela Ander-son Lee
k.d. Lang
ALANIS MORISSETTE
Celine Dion
6

• Aussies Dislike being mistaken for Pommies
  (Brits) when abroad.
  
• Canadians Are rather indignant about being
  mistaken for Americans when abroad.
  
• Americans Encouraged being mistaken for
  Canadians when abroad.
  
• Brits Can't possibly be mistaken for anyone else
  when abroad.

7

• Americans Spell words differently, but still
  call it "English".
  
• Brits Pronounce their words differently, but
  still call it "English".
  
• Canadians Spell like the Brits, pronounce like
  Americans.
  
• Aussies Add "G'day", "mate" and a heavy accent
  to everything they say

8

• Aussies Are extremely patriotic to their beer.
• Americans Are flag-waving,anthem-singing, and
  obsessively patriotic to the point of blindness.
  
• Canadians Can't agree on the words to their
  anthem, when they can be bothered to sing them.
  
• Brits Do not sing at all but prefer a
• large brass band to perform the anthem.

9
From Two Solitudes to MANY

• Canadas National Identity Race Relations
• "As Canadian as possible, . . ., under the
  circumstances."
  

10
Canada From Two Solitudes to MANY

• Garrison/Victim Mentality vs.
• individualism
• Duality -- caused by settler-colonization and
  neo-colonialism
  
• French and English
• British, American Canadian
• e.g. Tricks with Mirror Can Lit.

11
Immigrants Multiculturalism ActImmigrants to
Canada

• the postwar new-comers at first mainly British,
  and then Dutch and German
  
• in the 1960s -- Mediterranean peoples, notably
  Italians, Greeks and Portuguese,
  
• in the 1970s -- a steadily growing number of
  Asians--from India and China via Hong Kong
  especially and of people of ultimately African
  origin via the Caribbean.