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Fruit and vegetables and prevention of Chronic Disease

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Obesity is reaching epidemic levels, and rates increasing in ... Heredity. Biochemical/ Physiological Risk Factors. Raised Blood Pressure. Raised Blood Glucose ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Fruit and vegetables and prevention of Chronic Disease


1
Fruit and vegetables and prevention of Chronic
Disease
  • Different Strategies in the Fight against Obesity
  • Health and Consumer Intergroup
  • 23 April Strasbourg
  • Robert Pederson
  • Danish Cancer Society

2
Chronic Non-Communicable Disease (CNCD)
  • CNCD are currently one of the greatest threats to
    public health in EU (Daar et al. 2007)
  • Cancer, Heart Disease stroke and Diabetes are
    major causes of premature death in EU
  • Obesity is reaching epidemic levels, and rates
    increasing in children and adolescents
  • Social Inequality both within MS and between new
    and old member states
  • Social and economic costs are staggering

3
Causes of Chronic Disease
  • Main Chronic Diseases
  • Cancer
  • Heart Disease
  • Stroke
  • Chronic Respiratory Diseases
  • Diabetes
  • Individual-specific Modifiable Risk Factors
  • Unhealthy Diet
  • Physical Activity
  • Tobacco Use
  • Socioeconomic, Cultural, and Environmental
    Determinants
  • Urbanization
  • Population Aging
  • Globalisation
  • Biochemical/
  • Physiological Risk Factors
  • Raised Blood Pressure
  • Raised Blood Glucose
  • Abnormal Blood Lipids
  • Overweight/Obesity
  • Individual-specific Non-Modifiable Risk Factors
  • Age
  • Heredity

4
Strategy for preventing CNDC Increasing FV
consumption
  • Reducing energy density of diets, high fiber
    foods, fruit and vegetables (WHO 2004)
  • Dietary Quality becoming more important Balance
    between macronutrients and micronutrients (WCRF,
    2007)
  • Convincing evidence that increased fruit and
    vegetable consumption reduces rate of CVD, some
    cancers and stroke
  • Increasing fruit and vegetable consumption a
    double whammy (James, 2007)

5
FV consumption in the EU
  • Less than 50 of EU citizens reaching
    recommended FV intake (Lock, 2005)
  • Less than 20 of all children in 9 European
    countries reached the recommended level of 400 g
    daily
  • Inequality in FV consumption between and within
    MS
  • Food Supply statistics show stagnation or
    possible decreases in FV consumption in Europe
    (Freshfel 2007)
  • Increasing FV consumption would reduce premature
    death in Europe substantially

6
Effective interventions
  • Settings based interventions to increase
    population FV consumption
  • Availability and accessibility of FV primary are
    the primary determinants of FV consumption
  • Obesogenic school eating environments
  • School fruit and vegetable programs are among the
    most effective interventions (DeSa Lock, 2007)
  • Norwegian cost-effectiveness study Even small
    increases in lifelong FV consumption are cost
    effective in terms of disease prevention
    (Sælensminde, 2006)

7
A step in the right direction, but
  • School Food and Nutrition Policy from obesogenic
    to healthy school eating environments- competing
    with competitive foods or regulation?
  • Regulation on marketing of unhealthy foods to
    children and adolescents both in school and
    outside school
  • Increased physical activity and decreased
    physical inactivity

8
Thank you!
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