KHULISA CRIME PREVENTION INITIATIVE

1
KHULISA CRIME PREVENTION INITIATIVE

• PRESENTATION TO
• DCS PORTFOLIO COMMITTEE
• JUNE 2005

2
VISION

• The reduction of crime in South Africa through
  the building capacity amongst individuals and the
  community.

3
MISSION STATEMENT

• Khulisa is a values-driven organisation
  committed to the reduction of crime through the
  professional development and delivery of
  programmes and initiatives that empower
  individuals, restore relationships and develop
  communities.

4
ABOUT KHULISA

• Established in 1997
• Offers national programmes
• Offices in Gauteng, KwaZulu Natal, North West,
  Western Cape

5
KHULISA CRIME PREVENTION INITIATIVE A HOLISTIC
APPROACH

• .

EARLY INTERVENTION
CRIME
REHABILITATION
PREVENTION
REINTEGRATION
6
PROGRAMMEOVERVIEW

• Make It Better (MIB) Programme
• New Directions Diversion Programme
• Awaiting Trial Programmes (prisons, places of
  safety, etc)
• Discovery Rehabilitation Programme
• Destinations Reintegration Programme
• Peer Education Programmes
• Staff Development Training Programmes

7
MAKE IT BETTER(MIB) PROGRAMME

• Trains groups of young adults to implement local
  community development initiatives.
• Process involves youths/young adults between the
  ages of 18/30
• 310 youths trained as MIB leaders in 16
  communities since 2000
• Approximately 80,000 learners reached through MIB
  group programmes

8
EXAMPLES OF PROJECTSUNDERTAKEN BY MIB YOUTH
GROUPS

• Life skill programmes
• Extra mural activities
• Saturday schools
• Mentoring
• Sewing clubs
• Vegetable gardens

• School drugs/HIV/AIDS programmes
• Drop-in centres for HIV/AIDS orphans
• Creches
• Recreation clubs
• Street Children
• Schools of Industry

9
DIVERSIONOPTIONS

• The Child Justice Bill sets out three diversion
  options.
• Khulisa provides programmes under Options One and
  Two.
• 15-week life skill and personal enrichment
  programme.
• A 6 or 9-week mini diversion option (which
  caters for children younger than 13 junior
  level, and older than 14 senior level).
• Additional options include victim offender
  mediation (restorative justice) home-based
  supervision community service school
  attendancemonitoring, etc

10
DIVERSIONSTATISTICS

• Estimated 700 children diverted in past 3 years
• Khulisas diversion programmes comply with
  minimum standards as set out by the Department
  of Social Welfare Population Development

11
REHABILITATION TO REINTEGRATION
Programmes Whilst Incarcerated
REHABILITATED OFFENDER
REINTEGRATED EX-OFFENDER
Post-Release/After Care
12
DISCOVERY REHABILITATIONPROGRAMME

• An in-prison correctional and personal
  development programme known as My Path
  delivered over a period of approximately one
  year.
• Suitable for all ages, male and female
• Delivered to approximately 1,400 prisoners since
  1997.

13
MY PATH
14
AIMS OBJECTIVES

• To teach offenders to become accountable for
  their behaviour
• To provide offenders, through a year-long
  in-prison programme, creative writing skills,
  vocational skill development, personal
  transformation and group therapy
• To support and strengthen the family through
  workshops, in order to enable them to participate
  effectively in offender reintegration and crime
  prevention programmes
• To provide education and life skills, thus
  promoting their opportunities to pursue a life
  outside criminal activity upon release

15
DURATION OF PROGRAMME

• My Path includes 3 phases or steps
• Each phase is 12 weeks long
• Each week includes at least one facilitated two
  hour session (illiterate programme includes two
  such sessions) and self-guided activity for each
  day of the week.

16
CONTENT PER STEP

• Step One Self-discovery and the establishment of
  a
• recovery plan (Identity, emotions, self-care,
  effective
• communication and dealing with the challenge of
  change)
• Step Two Restoration of self, victim impact,
  relationships and
• community, gender roles, non-violence,
  destructive cycles,
• development of change agreements, beliefs
  values, personal
• accountability and conflict resolution
• Step Three Preparation for legitimate
  self-sustainability post-
• release (Career guidance, job hunting, interview
  skills, CVs,
• learnership, entrepreneurship, community work)

17
MY PATH LEVELS

• My Path Tertiary - Grade 12
• My Path FET - Grades 10-12
• MY Path GED - Grades 7-9
• My Path Fundamental - catering for illiterate
  offenders.
• Placement on these courses requires a literacy
  assessment which gauges functional literacy
  level.

18
LITERACY

• Very low levels of English literacy exist even
  amongst matriculants
• Assessments with both adult and juvenile
  offenders reveal that matriculated offenders
  range in levels of literacy from Grade 5 to Grade
  10
• My Path is, therefore, developed to address the
  needs of different literacy levels.

19
LANGUAGES

• In due course these programmes will be offered
  in other languages to meet the needs of
  participants.

20
ASSESSMENT

• With the goal of encouraging self-reflection and
• providing feedback on change (behaviour
  modification)
• and personal development, a range of assessment
• tools are included
• Pre and post bio-psychosocial assessment
• Qualitative homework analysis
• Self-assessment of learning outcomes and
  self-development
• Integrity and literacy assessments (pre and post
  programme)
• A formal external evaluation has also been
  conducted.

21
REPORTING

• Individual reports provide detail regarding
• 1) Attendance
• 2) Attitude
• 3) Performance throughout the programme
• 4) Overall development and
• 5) Recommendations into additional
  rehabilitation/reintegration needs and issues.
• Can be tailored for sentence planning and
• parole board purposes

22
FEMALE PRISONS

• Research was conducted in April 2004 to determine
  specific needs of female inmates.
• Programmes currently in progress to address these
  needs.
• Handcraft and other practical skills development
  programmes launched in March 2005.
• Strong relationship development component with
  emphasis on forgiveness included

23
DRUGS PEER EDUCATOR PROGRAMMES
24
AIMS OBJECTIVES

• To provide and implement a strategic drug
  awareness support and counselling service.
• The provision of life skills and drug awareness
  programmes and the establishment of drug free
  sections.
• To reduce the illegal drug activities within the
  prison environment.
• Reduction of addiction rates.
• Assist inmates with addiction problems.
• Provide alternative activities
• Improve employability of prisoners (post-release)
• Empower staff
•  

25
JOHANNESBURGMEDIUM C PRISONCASE STUDY

• Programme initiated in 2002
• 24 peer drug educators trained
• 96 of drug educators tested drug-free
• Over 1,000 youth from schools have visited the
  prison (community outreach programme)
• 3 drug-free sections established
• Offenders constantly work with over two-thirds of
  prison population
• 50 involved in drug programme ( 3 educators per
  section)
• Over 40 support groups established and 260
  sessions held with inmates in 7 sections
• 471 inmates participated in support groups
• 89 of programme participants indicated support
  groups contribute positively to the lives of
  inmates

26
HIV/AIDS PEER EDUCATOR PROGRAMMES
27
AIMS OBJECTIVES

• To provide and implement an HIV/AIDS education,
  awareness and support service
• To provide a project structure allowing offenders
  to have access to HIV/AIDS education
• To offer offenders some protection against risk
  in the prison environment through ongoing
  monitoring and support
• To provide each peer educator with the skills to
  provide low cost HIV/AIDS education support to
  the inmates on a sustainable basis and to become
  self-sustaining upon release
• To gain lifelong learning on the subject, which
  will equip them for suitable behaviour
  modification throughout their lives.
• To promote voluntary disclosure testing in a
  controlled environment.

28
REACH

• Offenders
• 322 peer educators trained in 30 prisons May
  2003 July 2005
• 288 peer educators trained (Gauteng)
• May June 2005
• Estimated reach 5,000 per annum
• Staff
• 265 peer educators trained May November 2004

29
EXTERNALEVALUATION EXTRACTSDECEMBER 2004

• 75 of inmates reached in 7 prisons sampled had
  gone for VCT.
• Change in gang behaviour and reduction of sodomy
• In some cases, peer educators had gone to schools
  in communities to train children on HIV/AIDS

30
AWAITING TRIALPOLLSMOOR PRISONCASE STUDY

• Since the programmes inception over 350 inmates
  have attended the classes. According to prison
  records reports of both sodomy and common assault
  have dropped by 50.  
• In addition, according to staff members the
  inmates
• Have become less aggressive towards staff and
  fellow inmates
• Have become more respectful of DCS staff members
• Have become more hygienic - as evidenced by
  cleaner and neater cells
• Have willingly participated in all Khulisa's
  programmes including evening life skill sessions
• Have shown an interest in improving their
  education, with several, for the first time,
  learning to write at least their names

31
PRE-RELEASEPROGRAMME
32
AIMS OBJECTIVES

• To prepare offenders and their families for their
  release
• To provide offenders with skills specific to
  needs of individuals, families and communities
• To prevent recidivism

33
METHODOLOGY

• Facilitated weekly group sessions that utilise
• experiential learning, role plays and drama,
• case studies, discussions and personal
• reflective assignments.
• 12 two hour sessions (ideally run over a 12 week
  period)
• Family workshops
• Offender/Victim/Family Mediation Sessions
• Community Peacebuilding initiatives
• Recruitment/identification of community mentors

34
RESTORATIVEJUSTICE

• Restoration and restorative justice form an
  integral part of Khulisas rehabilitation/reintegr
  ation philosophy
• In the past year 74 restorative justice cases
  (victims/family) have been facilitated
• Reintegration is supported not only by working
  with the offender but also by a supportive social
  and family context.

35
POST-RELEASEPROGRAMME (Reintegration)
36
AIMS/OBJECTIVES

• The 6-month programme aims to
• Provide and/or establish networks that offer
  social, emotional and practical support to
  recently released offenders.

37
METHODOLOGY

• Weekly individual counselling and mentoring
  sessions
• Streaming of participants into one of the
  following groups - further studies, learnerships,
  formal employment, informal employment, community
  work.
• Weekly group sessions on topics relevant to
  stream.
• Facilitated monthly group discussions, where
  possible, led in part by group members or other
  ex-offenders.
• Family work if and where required.

38
ASSESSMENT

• Feedback from offenders
• Random drug tests and polygraph testing where
  deemed appropriate
• Feedback from family members
• Feedback from community mentors

39
SAMPLE STATISTICS

• Research conducted by Khulisa (2004) indicates
  that from a random group of 64 graduates tracked
  since release in 1999, 70 have not relapsed
  back into crime.
• Since the introduction of the Khulisa programme
  at Ekuseni (KwaZulu Natal) over 200 prisoners
  have participated. During the first year 65
  completed the course and graduated. 41 of these
  are now involved in ongoing projects within the
  prison environment.  
• Since the inception of the programme at Ekuseni
  50 prisoners have been released, and 14
  transferred. Of those who have been released 70
  are involved in Khulisas Reintegration Programme
  either through learnerships, employment or
  community service projects. 

40
STAFF DEVELOPMENT TRAINING

• Personal development approach to preparing staff
  to participate in the rehabilitation environment
  (White Paper compliance)

41
PROGRAMMEDELIVERY

• Traditionally by Khulisa staff
• Peer educator programmes available to allow
  suitable long-term prisoners to participate
• Khulisa would welcome facilitation participation
  by DCS staff
• Ideally Khulisa would place a local support unit
  to provide programmes long-term to service
  individual correctional establishments

42
PROGRAMMEACCREDITATION

• Khulisa programmes are all in various stages of
  evaluation or preparation for accreditation by
  the Services Seta

43
CHALLENGES

• Funding from the Department
• Department under-resourced
• Commitment of staff, in some instances the
  opportunity to talk and be heard

44
COSTS

• To the State of Imprisonment
• R42,000 per inmate per annum
• Khulisa Rehabilitation Programme
• R13,000 per inmate and
• Reintegration Programme
• Approximately R6,000 per parole

45
(No Transcript)
46
(No Transcript)
47
(No Transcript)
48
HOW COULD THE DEPARTMENT HELP KHULISA TO HELP THEM

1. Khulisa needs to know where it stands with the
   Department
2. A formal relationship to be established with
   clear communication channels
3. Confirmation that its programmes are approved
4. An understanding of existing and proposed DCS
   requirements in terms of programme development,
   so that it can comply
5. Support for staff members involved at
   correctional facilities
6. Funding from DCS to assist to promote the cause
   with funders

49
FUNDERS

• Billiton Development Trust
• British High Commission
• Departments of Safety and Liaison, Social Welfare
  Population Development, Health
• DFID
• Exel Supply Chain Services (SA) (Pty) Ltd
• Government of Finland
• Johannesburg City Council
• Nashua
• Nelson Mandela Childrens Fund

• Open Society Foundation
• Royal Danish Embassy
• SAIH
• Samancor Foundation
• The Tower Group
• United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
• USAID
• US Embassy
• Various personal trusts