Millennium Development Goals

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MillenniumDevelopmentGoals

• United Nations
• 2000-2015

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1. Eradicate Extreme Poverty Hunger

• World Bank establishes 1/day (US) as the
  poverty level.

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2. Achieve Universal Primary Education

• Teachers represent hope
• How can we hold (inter)national leaders to their
  promises?

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Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women

• Why is this crucial for development?
• Birth Control
• Improved health benefits economy
• More likely to send girls to school
• Can participate in economy to larger extent

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4 5

• Reduce child mortality by 2/3
• Improve maternal health
• Reduce maternal mortality by 3/4
• Deliberately (?) weakened by the removal of
  reproductive health and rights rhetoric.

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6. Combat HIV/AIDS

• And malaria, and other diseases.
• Better health leads to more wealth.
• No clear agreement about who is in charge of this
  initiative.
• Too broad to be effective?

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7. Ensure Environmental Sustainability

• Urbanization
• Safe Water Sanitation
• Slums of Hope v. Slums of Despair

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8. A Global Partnership for Development

• Rich Countries
• Relieve Debt
• Help with new technologies
• Increase Aid
• Poor Countries
• Better governance
• Tackle Corruption

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Trade Barriers

• Support developing local economies.
• Find balance
• Subsidies
• Management of surpluses
• Foreign aide
• Tariffs
• Fair pricing

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MGD Leaves Out

• Crime
• Drug Trade
• Arms Trade
• Social Issues
• OR addressing poverty as a root cause will
  alleviate these issues?

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War on Terror

• Poses an obstacle for MDG
• Diverts attention and resources of rich countries
• Development v. Defense
• Which will get at root cause?
• Build Peace v. Fight Defensive War

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The Real Leap Forward

• China and the
• UN Millennium Development Goals

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Reduced Poverty in China

• 1978 250 million below poverty
• 30 of population
• 2006 28.2 million below poverty line.
• lt3 of population
• World Bank 1/day
• China 0.66/day

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Household Responsibility System (1978)

• End centralized agricultural planning
• Return communal farms to individual families
• Aimed at helping rural poor

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SW Poverty Alleviation Project

• Joint project of China and the World Bank
• Basic Infrastructure Development
• Roads
• Electricity
• Water management systems
• Improved seed and animal stocks
• Sustainable, cleaner energy resources

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Dragon Heads

• Entrepreneurs
• Inspire others, create opportunities
• Risk destabilizing social structure by increasing
  economic disparity

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Come Down from the Mountain

• Rural labor migration
• Residence permits
• Facilitate rural poor moving to small cities in a
  controlled fashion

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Western Development Project

• Loess Plateau, Yellow River
• Transform desert into arable land
• Rehabilitate ecosystem
• Terracing
• Cover crops to protect soil
• Sustainable clean water
• Controlling herds of goats (etc.)

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More Information

• www.tve.org/lifeonline
• The Millenium Goals - Dream or Reality?
• The Real Leap Forward
• www.mdgmonitor.org/
• Interactive maps and profiles
• www.un.org/english

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The Buck Stops Here

• 150 million Chinese Loess Plateau Project.
• 40 billion Microsoft spent to buy Yahoo last
  week.
• 275 million/day US in Iraq
• 17 billion US on nuclear weapons in 2007
• 1.5 billion Bill Melinda Gates Foundation
  must give away annually to maintain Charitable
  Organization tax status.