PPE

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PPE

• Personal Protective Equipment

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Establishing a PPE Program

• Sets out procedures for selecting, providing, and
  using PPE as part of an employers routine
  operation
• First Assess the workplace to determine if
  hazards are present, or are likely to be present,
  which necessitate the use of PPE (Hazard
  Assessment)
• Once the proper PPE has been selected, the
  employer must provide training to each employee
  who is required to use PPE

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Training
Employees required to use PPE must be trained to
know at least the following

• When PPE is necessary
• What type of PPE is necessary
• How to properly put on, take off, adjust, and
  wear assigned PPE
• Limitations of the PPE
• Proper care, maintenance, useful life, and
  disposal

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Examples of PPE

• Eye - Safety Glasses, Goggles
• Face - Face Shields
• Head - Hard Hats
• Feet - Safety Shoes
• Hands and Arms - Gloves
• Bodies - Vests, Aprons
• Hearing - Earplugs, Earmuffs

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Eye Protection
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What are some of the causes of eye injuries?

• Dust and other flying particles, such as metal
  shavings or sawdust
• Molten metal that might splash
• Acids and other caustic liquid chemicals that
  might splash
• Blood and other potentially infectious body
  fluids that might splash, spray, or splatter
• Intense light such as that created by welding and
  lasers

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Safety Spectacles

• Made with metal/plastic safety frames
• Nearly all operations require side shields
• Used to protect against moderate impacts from
  particles produced by such jobs as carpentry,
  woodworking, grinding, and scaling

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Eyeglass lens punctured by flying object
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Goggles

• Protect eyes, eye sockets, and the facial area
  immediately surrounding the eyes from impact,
  dust, and splashes.
• Some goggles fit over corrective lenses.

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Welding Shields
Laser Safety Goggles

• Protect against intense electromagnetic radiation

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Face Shields

• Protect the face from nuisance dusts and
  potential splashes, or sprays of hazardous
  liquids.
• They are not designed to be the sole protection
  from impact hazards.
• Face shields must be used in conjunction with
  safety glasses or goggles to adequately protect
  the eyes.

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Wearing Eye Protection

• Always choose the eye protection that provides
  adequate protection from the hazards in an area,
  and is comfortable and easy to maintain.
• Safety glasses ARE NOT designed to protect the
  eyes from liquid splashes or dusts.
• Chemical splash goggles ARE designed to protect
  the eyes from liquid splashes or dusts.
• Always clean protective eyewear after each use,
  or whenever vision is obscured.
• Only eye protection meeting the ANSI Z87.1-1989
  standard (and so marked) are approved for use
  where flying particles or objects is concern.
• Safety glasses (either prescription or
  non-prescription) must have affixed side shields.

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Head Protection
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What are some of thecauses of head injuries?

• Falling objects.
• Bumping head against fixed objects, such as
  exposed pipes or beams.
• Contact with exposed electrical conductors.

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Classes of Hard Hats

• Class A
• General service (e.g., mining, building
  construction, shipbuilding, lumbering, and
  manufacturing)
• Good impact protection but limited voltage
  protection
• Class B
• Electrical work
• Protect against falling objects and high-voltage
  shock and burns
• Class C
• Designed for comfort, offer limited protection
• Protects heads that may bump against fixed
  objects, but do not protect against falling
  objects or electrical shock

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Wearing a Hard Hat

• Adjust internal web support so that it fits
  snugly about the head without causing discomfort.
• The hard hat should not fall off the head when
  the head is tilted forward or back.

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Foot Protection
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What are some of thecauses of foot injuries?

• Heavy objects, such as barrels or tools, that
  might roll or fall onto employees feet
• Sharp objects such as nails or spikes that might
  pierce the soles or uppers of ordinary shoes
• Molten metal that might splash on feet
• Hot or wet surfaces
• Slippery surfaces

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Safety Shoes

• Have impact-resistant toes and heat-resistant
  soles that protect against hot surfaces common in
  roofing, paving, and hot metal industries

• Some have metal insoles to protect against
  puncture wounds
• May be designed to be electrically conductive for
  use in explosive atmospheres, or nonconductive to
  protect from workplace electrical hazards

Metatarsal Guards
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Wearing Foot Protection

• Choose safety shoes or work boots that properly
  fit your feet.
• Make sure that laces are not too long and that
  they are kept tied at all times to prevent them
  becoming entangled in machinery, snagging on
  objects, or creating a trip hazard.
• If overboots are worn, make sure that they are
  the proper size and that they are put on before
  entering the work area.

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Hand Protection
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What are some of the hand injuries you need to
guard against?

• Burns
• Bruises
• Abrasions
• Cuts
• Punctures
• Fractures
• Amputations
• Chemical Exposures

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Types of Gloves
Norfoil laminate resists permeation and
breakthrough by an array of toxic/hazardous
chemicals.
Butyl Rubber provides the highest permeation
resistance to gasoline vapors frequently used
for ketones (M.E.K., Acetone) and esters (Amyl
Acetate, Ethyl Acetate).
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Types of Gloves (contd)
Viton is highly resistant to permeation by
chlorinated and aromatic solvents.
Nitrile provides protection against a wide
variety of solvents, harsh chemicals, fats, and
petroleum products, and also provides excellent
resistance to cuts, snags, punctures, and
abrasions.
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Types of Gloves (contd)
Kevlar protects against cuts, slashes, and
abrasion.
Stainless Steel Mesh protects against cuts and
lacerations.
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How to Remove Gloves
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How to Remove Gloves
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Wearing Hand Protection

• Always check to make sure that the hand
  protection is free of damage or degradation
  before placing on hands.
• Choose hand protection that is the proper size,
  and designed to protect against the hazards in
  the work area.
• Avoid touching the outside of contaminated gloves
  when removing.
• Do not reuse disposable gloves.
• Refer to the OCC Personal Protective Equipment
  Program for additional guidance and resources on
  choosing the proper hand protection for the job.

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Body Protection

• PROPER CLOTHING DRESS IS REQUIRED AT ALL TIMES
• Coming from and going into your work location,
  ensure you have the proper and adequate clothing
  and PPE.

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What are some of thecauses of body injuries?

• Intense heat
• Splashes of hot metals and other hot liquids
• Impacts from tools, machinery, and materials
• Cuts
• Hazardous chemicals
• Contact with potentially infectious materials,
  such as blood
• Radiation

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Special Clothing

• Aprons
• Coveralls (Chemical Resistant, etc.)
• High Visibility Vests
• Welding
• Welders apron/smock

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Body Protection
Coveralls
Full Body Suit
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Body Protection
Cooling Vest
Sleeves and Apron
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Hearing Protection
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Examples of Hearing Protection
Earmuffs
Earplugs
Canal Caps
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Wearing Hearing Protection

• Choose hearing protection that offers the
  greatest degree of noise reduction, but is still
  comfortable and will not interfere with work.
• Keep hearing protection clean. Clean all hearing
  protection after each use.
• Inspect hearing protection for damage or
  degradation prior to use.

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Wearing Hearing Protection (contd)

• Earmuffs
• Grasp each cup and place them over each ear.
• Adjust the supporting band and cup position until
  a good seal is achieved. Glasses will interfere
  with the seal and reduce the effectiveness of the
  hearing protection.
• The supporting band on some models may be worn
  above, below, or behind the head. Best noise
  reduction is usually with the band above the
  head.
• Remove by grasping each cup and pulling away from
  the head.

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Wearing Hearing Protection (contd)

• Earplugs
• Earplugs typically provide the greatest noise
  reduction and comfort.
• Non-foam earplugs should be inserted by grasping
  the top of the ear using the opposite hand and
  gently pulling back and up to widen the ear canal
  prior to inserting the earplugs.
• Foam earplugs are rolled between the thumb and
  fingers to compress them prior to insertion using
  the same procedure as non-foam earplugs.
• Remove earplugs slowly to prevent discomfort or
  irritation.
• Do not use earplugs if you have an ear infection
  (use earmuffs instead).
• Discard disposable earplugs when no longer
  needed. Clean and disinfect reusable earplugs
  prior to reuse.

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Wearing Hearing Protection (contd)

• Canal Caps
• Less effective at reducing noise levels than
  earmuffs or earplugs, but are typically more
  comfortable than either, especially if individual
  preferences, health issues, or work conditions
  restrict usage of earmuffs or earplugs.
• Place each canal cap plug over the opening to the
  ear canal and adjust the supporting strap until a
  good seal is achieved.
• Many canal caps can be worn with the supporting
  strap above, below, or behind the head. The best
  noise reduction is typically achieved with the
  supporting strap above the head.
• To remove, simply grasp each plug and pull them
  away from the ears.
• Clean and disinfect canal caps after each use.

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Respirators

• Covered by the OCC Respiratory Protection Program
  training.
• Examples include
• Escape
• Air Purifying Respirators
• Supplied Air Respirators
• Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)

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Fall Protection

• Covered in greater detail in the OCC Fall
  Protection Program training
• Includes personal fall arrest harnesses,
  restraints, and tethers.

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Employers must implement a PPE program where they

• Assess the workplace for hazards
• Use engineering and work practice controls to
  eliminate or reduce hazards before using PPE
• Select appropriate PPE to protect employees from
  hazards that cannot be eliminated
• Inform employees why the PPE is necessary and
  when it must be worn
• Train employees how to use and care for their PPE
  and how to recognize deterioration and failure
• Require employees to wear selected PPE in the
  workplace

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Employers Must protect employees from workplace
hazardsEmployees Must protect themselves by
WEARING PPE

• Remember, PPE is the last line of defense!