Microsoft .NET Framework Overview Abidi Mahmoud

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Microsoft .NET Framework OverviewAbidi
Mahmoud
Seminarium onComponent-based Software
Engineering
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.NET Enterprise Vision
UsersAny device,Any place,Any time
Roles/ExperiencesGet the right infoTo the right
userAt the right time
Sales
Customer
Supply
Engineering
Operations
XML Web ServicesIntegrate and orchestrate
business applications and processes
Authentication
Scheduling
Notification
Back OfficeHeterogeneous application and server
infrastructure
Customer Service
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What is .NET?

• A generic term for the MS vision
• The successor to WinDNA
• Sometimes applied to product names
• Such as Windows .NET Server
• A specific software framework
• Includes a common runtime
• Common across OS and dev language
• Includes baseline dev tools in an SDK
• Includes powerful dev environment
• Visual Studio .NET

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.NET FrameworkStandard programming platform

• Common programming language
• C C Sharp
• Standardized as ECMA-334
• Similar to Java (simplified C)
• Common Language Infrastructure (CLI)
• Standardized as ECMA-335
• Defines classes, types, and techniques
• Internationalization (I18N) support

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The structure of the .NET Framework
VB
J...
C
Common language specification (CLS)
ASP.NET
Windows Forms
Web Forms
XML Web services
ADO.NET and XML
.NET Framework classes
Common language runtime (CLR)
COM services
Windows
System services Win32 API and COM services
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The structure of the .NET Framework

• Microsoft implimentation of
• CLI and support for COM and platform
  interoperation

VB
J...
C
Common language specification (CLS)
ASP.NET
Windows Forms
Web Forms
XML Web services
ADO.NET and XML
.NET Framework classes
Common Language Runtime (CLR)
COM services
Windows
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What is the CLR?

• CLR Common Language Runtime
• Microsofts implementation of CLI (ECMA 335)
• For Windows environments
• Plus extensions for Windows
• Wintel PC, Wintel server, WinCE, WinXPE,
• Most extensions are in the class library
• CLI-compliant code runs on CLR

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What is the CLI?

• CLI Common Language Infrastructure
• Language-neutral platform
• Provides a specification for executable code and
  the execution environment in which it runs
• Executable code is presented to the VES as
  modules.
• CLI comprise the specification of
• Execution engine (loader,JIT,garbage- collecting)
• Common Type System (CTS)
• Common Language Specification (CLS)

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Common Type System (CTS)

• Types describe values and specify a contract that
  all values of that type shall support.
• CTS supports (OOP) as well as functional and
  procedural PL
• Values are simple bit patterns for things like
  integers and floats
• Objects Each object is self-typing, that is, its
  type is explicitly stored in its representation.

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Common Language Specification (CLS)

• The CLS is a set of rules that apply to generated
  assemblies.
• The CLS is an agreement between language
  designers and framework (that is, class library)
  designers.
• The CLS specifies a subset of the CTS and a set
  of usage conventions.
• For more info
• http//msdn.microsoft.com/net/ecma
• http//www.ecma.ch/

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CLR Features

• All code is compiled, not interpreted
• Assemblies are deployed in intermediate language
  (IL, also called CIL or MSIL)
• Converted to native machine code at run time
  (via JIT compiler)
• Static code management
• Versioning, localizing, and signing
• Configurable assembly resolver
• Global assembly cache (GAC)
• Dynamic code management
• Memory allocation with garbage collection
• Lifecycle management via reference tracking
• Thread pooling

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CLR Features

• Fine-grained code access security
• Augments OS security
• Ensures that code only performs operations
  allowed by policies set by user or administrator
• Based on code source, publisher signature, and
  other evidence
• Flexible remoting
• Includes XML/SOAP and binary
• Remoting model is easily extended
• Integrates with web services

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CLR Internals
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Assemblies(CLI deployment units)

• Set of files in a derectory
• It can be single or multi file
• Assemblies are composed of
• Manifest
• Metadata that describes the assemblies
• Metada
• Machine-readable information about a resource
• In .NET metadata includes type definition,
  version information, external assemby references
• Code IL
• Code that CLR executes at runtime

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Global Assembly Cache

• GAC database of shared assemblies
• Each assembly must have strong name
• Similar to GUID, but much more detailed
• Includes text name, version, culture, digital
  signature, and public key
• Keys created by SN (strong name) utility
• Nobody can use your names because they are based
  on your private key
• GAC assemblies can only refer to other
  strong-named assemblies

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CLR and Classic Runtimes
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Compilation Execution
AssemblyUnit of deployment, similar to DLL or
EXE with added metadata
Compilation
Saved in cache An assembly can also be
pre-compiled as part of deployment
Before installation or the first time each method
is called
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The structure of the .NET Framework
Provide classes that can be called from any
.NET-enabled PL
VB
J...
C
Common language specification (CLS)
ASP.NET
Windows Forms
Web Forms
XML Web services
Frameworks make use of sealed classes(do not
permit any subclassing)
ADO.NET and XML
.NET Framework classes
Common Language Runtime (CLR)
COM services
Windows
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Framework Foundation
System.Web
System.WinForms
Services
UI
Design
ComponentModel
Description
HtmlControls
Discovery
WebControls
Protocols
System.Drawing
Drawing
Caching
Security
Drawing2D
Printing
Text
Configuration
SessionState
Imaging
System.Data
System.Xml
DOM
Data (Dataset)
SQL
XSLT
Serialization
Design
SQLTypes
XPath
Reader/Writers
System
Collections
IO
Configuration
Runtime
InteropServices
Security
Net
ServiceProcess
Remoting
Text
Reflection
Diagnostics
Serialization
Globalization
Resources
Threading
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Framework support (configuration,globalization,
and management)
System.Web
System.WinForms
Services
UI
Design
ComponentModel
Description
HtmlControls
Discovery
WebControls
Protocols
System.Drawing
Drawing
Caching
Security
Drawing2D
Printing
Text
Configuration
SessionState
Imaging
System.Data
System.Xml
DOM
Data (Dataset)
SQL
XSLT
Serialization
Design
SQLTypes
XPath
Reader/Writers
System
Collections
IO
Configuration
Runtime
InteropServices
Security
Net
ServiceProcess
Remoting
Text
Reflection
Diagnostics
Serialization
Globalization
Resources
Threading
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Framework support (platform acces and COM
interoperation)
System.Web
System.WinForms
Services
UI
Design
ComponentModel
Description
HtmlControls
Discovery
WebControls
Protocols
System.Drawing
Drawing
Caching
Security
Drawing2D
Printing
Text
Configuration
SessionState
Imaging
System.Data
System.Xml
DOM
Data (Dataset)
SQL
XSLT
Serialization
Design
SQLTypes
XPath
Reader/Writers
System
Collections
IO
Configuration
Runtime
InteropServices
Security
Net
ServiceProcess
Remoting
Text
Reflection
Diagnostics
Serialization
Globalization
Resources
Threading
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Framework support (I/O, messaging, remoting, and
serialization)
System.Web
System.WinForms
Services
UI
Design
ComponentModel
Description
HtmlControls
Discovery
WebControls
Protocols
System.Drawing
Drawing
Caching
Security
Drawing2D
Printing
Text
Configuration
SessionState
Imaging
System.Data
System.Xml
DOM
Data (Dataset)
SQL
XSLT
Serialization
Design
SQLTypes
XPath
Reader/Writers
System
Collections
IO
Configuration
Runtime
InteropServices
Security
Net
ServiceProcess
Remoting
Text
Reflection
Diagnostics
Serialization
Globalization
Resources
Threading
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Framework support (debugging, compilation, and
code generation)
System.Web
System.WinForms
Services
UI
Design
ComponentModel
Description
HtmlControls
Discovery
WebControls
Protocols
System.Drawing
Drawing
Caching
Security
Drawing2D
Printing
Text
Configuration
SessionState
Imaging
System.Data
System.Xml
DOM
Data (Dataset)
SQL
XSLT
Serialization
Design
SQLTypes
XPath
Reader/Writers
System
Collections
IO
Configuration
Runtime
InteropServices
Security
Net
ServiceProcess
Remoting
Text
Reflection
Diagnostics
Serialization
Globalization
Resources
Threading
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Framework support ( web protocol, web sever
acces,and XML standards,)
System.Web
System.Windows.Forms
Services
UI
Design
ComponentModel
Description
HtmlControls
Run Time
Discovery
WebControls
Protocols
System.Drawing
Drawing (subset)
Caching
Security
Drawing2D
Printing
Text
Configuration
SessionState
Imaging
System.Data
System.Xml
DOM
Data (Dataset)
SQL
XSLT
Serialization
Design
SQLTypes
XPath
Reader/Writers
System
Collections
IO
Configuration
Runtime
InteropServices
Security
Net
ServiceProcess
Remoting
Text
Reflection
Diagnostics
Serialization
Globalization
Resources
Threading
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Framework support (component classes, web server
support )
System.Web
System.Windows.Forms
Services
UI
Design
ComponentModel
Description
HtmlControls
Run Time
Discovery
WebControls
Protocols
System.Drawing
Drawing (subset)
Caching
Security
Drawing2D
Printing
Text
Configuration
SessionState
Imaging
System.Data
System.Xml
DOM
Data (Dataset)
SQL
XSLT
Serialization
Design
SQLTypes
XPath
Reader/Writers
System
Collections
IO
Configuration
Runtime
InteropServices
Security
Net
ServiceProcess
Remoting
Text
Reflection
Diagnostics
Serialization
Globalization
Resources
Threading
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The structure of the .NET Framework
ADO.NET is a set of classes that provide data
access support for the .NET Framework
VB
J...
C
Common language specification (CLS)
ASP.NET
Windows Forms
Web Forms
XML Web services
ADO.NET and XML
.NET Framework classes
ADO.NET is based on ADO but is designed to work
with XML and to work in a disconnected environment
Common Language Runtime (CLR)
COM services
Windows
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The structure of the .NET Framework
VB
J...
C
ASP.NET Including Web Forms And XML Web services
Common language specification (CLS)
ASP.NET
Windows Forms
Web Forms
XML Web services
ADO.NET and XML
.NET Framework classes
Traditional client application that use windows
Forms
Common Language Runtime (CLR)
COM services
Windows
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The structure of the .NET Framework
VB
J...
C
Common language specification (CLS)
ASP.NET
Windows Forms
Web Forms
XML Web services
CLS set of rules that a CLS-compliant language
needs to follow
ADO.NET and XML
.NET Framework classes
Common Language Runtime (CLR)
COM services
Windows
Language that follow the CLS C, VB, J
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Classic MS languages

• VB gains many OO features
• VC gains managed code features
• VJ replaces VJ (not J2EE)
• C new language

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C (C Sharp) Overview

• C is a new language, crafted specifically to
  work well within the .NET Framework
• C do not support
• Templates
• Multiple Inheritance
• Global Functions
• Preprocessor Macros
• C support
• Operator Overloading

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Summary

• .NET Framework provides
• Common platform for all .NET languages
• Sophisticated code management
• Fine-grained security
• .NET Framework fixes
• Object life-cycle problems, especially COM
• Weak support for enterprise features
• COM, WMI, MSMQ,
• DLL hell and other deployment problems

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