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Meteorology for pilots

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Meteorology for pilots. Principles Breakdown. Basic Weather Theory. Weather Patterns. Weather Hazards ... WEATHER HAZARDS. Fog. Radiation Fog ' ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Meteorology for pilots


1
Meteorology for pilots
2
Principles Breakdown
  • Basic Weather Theory
  • Weather Patterns
  • Weather Hazards

3
Basic Weather Theory
  • The Atmosphere

4
The Atmosphere
  • Troposphere
  • Tropopause
  • Stratosphere
  • Mesosphere
  • Thermosphere

5
Atmosphere
6
Atmospheric Pressure
Isobars Pressure gradients Trough area of
low Ridge-area of high High Low Col-neutral areas
7
Coriolis Force
8
Local Wind Patterns
Sea Breeze Land Breeze
9
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10
Clouds Clouds Clouds
Types of Clouds Low Clouds Fog Middle
Clouds High Clouds Clouds with Vertical
Development
11
Low Clouds (Suface-6,500 ft)
  • Stratus

Stratus clouds form when moist, stable air flows
upslope.
12
Low Clouds
  • Stratocumulus

13
Low Clouds
Nimbostratus
14
Middle Clouds (6,500-20,00 ft)
Altocumulus Clouds
15
Middle Clouds
  • Altostratus

16
High Clouds (20,000 ft)
  • Cirrus

17
High Clouds
  • Cirrostratus Clouds

18
High Clouds
Cirrocumulus
19
Clouds with Vertical Development
  • Cumulus Clouds

Vertical cloud development and turbulence result
from the lifting of unstable air
20
Clouds with Vertical Development
Towering Cumulus
21
Clouds with Vertical Development
  • Cumulonimbus Clouds

22
Precipitation
Virga
Ice pellets at the surface are an indication of
a temperature inversion and freezing rain at a
higher altitude.
23
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24
Fronts
  • Fronts are boundaries between airmasses

25
Cold Fronts and Warm Fronts
Cold Front Warm Front
Steady precipitation with little turbulence
usually precedes a warm front.
26
WEATHER HAZARDS
27
Fog
Radiation Fog
Radiation fog forms in moist air over low, flat
areas on clear, calm nights.
28
Fog
Advection Fog
Advection and upslope fog requires wind for
formation. Both types of fog commonly occur along
coastlines where sea breeze transport air from
warm water to the cooler land surfaces.
29
Fog
Upslope Fog
30
Fog
Steam Fog
Low-Level turbulence and aircraft icing are
associated with steam fog.
31
Cumulus Stage
Mature Stage
Dissipating stage
32
Lightning!
33
Lightning
34
Hail
35
Why Hail Can be Bad
36
Turbulence
  • If you encounter turbulence in flight establish
    maneuvering speed and try to maintain a level
    flight attitude.

Low-Level Turbulence
Mechanical Turbulence
Convective Turbulence
37
Mountain Wave Turbulence
Mountain wave turbulence can be anticipated when
the winds across a ridge are 40 knots or more,
and the air is stable.
The crest of mountain waves may be marked by
lens-shaped, or lenticular clouds.
38
Icing
Visible moisture is necessary for structural
icing to form. Freezing rain usually produces
the highest rate of ice accumulation.
39
Le Fin
Thank you come again.
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