Romans - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 43
About This Presentation
Title:

Romans

Description:

Salvation for both Jew and Gentile is available only by doing good works (2:6, 11, 13) The power of sin prevents both Jew and Gentile from doing good (3:9-19) ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:768
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 44
Provided by: myrong
Category:
Tags: jew | romans

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: Romans


1
Romans
  • The Gospel
  • Written by Paul in 57 A.D.
  • Key Verse 114-17

2
Romans - Themes
  • Personal Paul announced his plans to visit
    Rome
  • Doctrinal Romans presents a detailed and
    extensive discussion of the gospel
  • Relational The apostle addresses a seething
    dispute between Jews and Gentiles
  • Theological A defense and vindication is
    offered of Gods nature and plan for salvation

3
Romans - Themes
  • Beware of assuming a single theme such as joy
    for Philippians
  • Historical individual salvation was the theme of
    any epistle Romans Road (1600s)
  • Paul probably did not think in individual terms
    (early 1900s)
  • Recent scholarship focuses on Jewish - Gentiles
  • Moo thinks both Justification by Faith and
    Gentile Inclusion both major themes leads to
    the Gospel

4
Romans - Immediate Audience
  • House Churches in Rome
  • Gentiles
  • Jews

5
Romans - Time Line
  • 33-37 AD Acts 2 lists Pentecost people from Rome
  • Anti-Jewish Upheaval AD 38-41 Alexandria ,
    Palestine, Judea
  • 49 - 54 AD Claudius expels Jews from Rome
  • 49 AD Church struggles, meets about Jews
    Gentiles
  • Acts 15, Gal. 21-15
  • 54 68 AD Nero becomes emperor, welcomes Jews
    back
  • Claudius poisoned by Neros Mother
  • Nero murdered Mother possibly half-brother
  • Nero allows Jews back into Rome
  • 57 AD Paul writes Romans
  • 64 / 65 AD Rome burns Nero blames Christians
  • 68 AD Siege in Jerusalem begins after Jewish
    rebellion
  • 70 AD Rome burns Jerusalem, temple destroyed

6
Romans - Style
  • Typical Pauline Epistle
  • Formal outline
  • Opening Thanks
  • Prayer
  • Body
  • Closing
  • Extended closing
  • Perhaps because he had never been there
  • Written in Greek, perhaps as both a formal letter
    and also as a shortened circular.

7
Romans 2 Part Outline
  • Doctrine (1-11)
  • Duty (12-16)

8
Romans 6 Part Outline
  • Obligation (11-117)
  • Condemnation (118-320)
  • Justification (321-521)
  • Sanctification (6-8)
  • Vindication (9-11)
  • Exhortations (12-16)

9
I. Obligation (11-117)
  • Paul the Servant (11-7)
  • Servanthood, Sent, Set Apart for The Gospel
  • The Obedience of faith
  • Contrasts with not works of the law
  • Prayer (18-10)
  • I serve in my spirit in the preaching of the
    Gospel
  • Has long prayed to visit Rome

10
I. Obligation (11-117)
  • Purpose (111-13)
  • Impart some spiritual gift (11)
  • That you may be strengthened (11)
  • That I may be encouraged (12)
  • Eager to preach the gospel
  • (Romans 111,13 2525-26 similar to II Cor.
    115-16)
  • Passion (114-17)
  • Pauls zeal for Gentile evangelism should spur us
    on to personal evangelism
  • Pauls zeal for The Gospel includes disciplining
    people after conversion follow-up.

11
Condemnation (118-320)Ungodliness (118-32)
  • An attitude of irreverence / rebellion towards
    God
  • Worship that which is created (22-25)
  • All men are religious need to worship
    something
  • Therefore God allows unrighteousness 26-32
  • Lesbian (26) then Homosexuality (27)
  • Social (28-32)
  • Sexual and other sins result of idolatry

12
Condemnation (118-320)Gods Judgment is
Impartial (21-16)
  • Paul turns towards Jews
  • Is according to truth (21-4)
  • Has eternal consequences (5-10)
  • ABC CBA Chiasm (6-11)
  • Is impartial (211)
  • Jews are judged like Gentiles
  • New concept for Jews

13
Condemnation (118-320)Gods Judgment is
Impartial (26-11) Chiasm
  • A God judges everyone according to his works (6)
  • B People who do good will attain eternal life
    (7)
  • C People who do evil will suffer wrath (8)
  • C Wrath for those who do evil (9)
  • B Glory for those who do good (10)
  • A God judges impartially (11)

14
Condemnation (118-320)Gods Judgment is
Impartial (212-16)
  • Those (Gentiles) who sin apart from the law
  • parish apart from the (Mosaic) law
  • The natural law written on their hears
  • Mosaic laws are universal norms
  • Their conscience bears witness
  • Those (Jewish) who sin under the law
  • Hearing the law is not enough
  • Judged by the law
  • Will be done through Jesus Christ (216)

15
Condemnation (118-320)Jews Need of the Gospel
(217-38)
  • The Jew and having the Law (217-24)
  • Jews do not obtain salvation thru having the Law
  • The Jew and Circumcision (225-29)
  • The Jews do not obtain salvation thru
    circumcision
  • Christians and the New Testament
  • Having it and reading it does not save
    Christians
  • Christians are embarrassed by Holocaust

16
Condemnation (118-320)Jews Need of the Gospel
(217-38)
  • Jewish Objections (31-8)
  • Jews entrusted with the Word of God
  • Jews have been circumcised
  • But the Word of God shows righteousness of God
    and Jewish unrighteousness
  • Israelites reasoned
  • God granted them special status born righteous
  • They had to obey the covenant to remain
    righteous
  • They never believed they were saved by obedience

17
Condemnation (118-320)Jews Need of the Gospel
(217-38)Contemporary Significance
  • False Security for born again Christians
  • They walked up the aisle and were saved
  • They are baptized
  • They never truly submitted their lives to Jesus
  • They never understood what true conversion is
  • Their eternal salvation is therefore in jeopardy
  • Our eternal security is based on a life of
    obedience
  • Commitment to Christ is a serious commitment

18
Condemnation (118-320)Conclusion (39-20)
  • All are under sin (9-18) (Notice subtle
    changes)
  • Psalm 141-8 (Rom. 310b-12)
  • Psalm 55-10 (Rom. 313a)
  • Psalm 1401-4 (Rom. 313b)
  • Psalm 104 (Rom. 314)
  • Isaiah 594 (Rom. 315-17)
  • Psalm 361 (Rom. 318)
  • All are accountable, conscious of sin (19-20)
  • The Law closes the mouth (19)
  • The Law condemns all men (20)

19
Condemnation (118-320)Salvation by Good Works
  • Salvation for both Jew and Gentile is available
    only by doing good works (26, 11, 13)
  • The power of sin prevents both Jew and Gentile
    from doing good (39-19)
  • Therefore No one can be saved by doing good
    (320)

20
Justification (321-521)The Righteousness of
God (321-26)
21
Justification (321-521)The Righteousness of
God (321-26)
  • Martin Luther called this the chief point and
    the central place of the epistle, and of the
    whole Bible.
  • Paul resumes argument left off in 117
  • But the righteous shall live by faith (117b)
  • Even the righteousness of God through faith in
    Jesus Christ for all who believe(322)

22
Justification (321-521)The Righteousness of
God (321-26)
  • 323 Can be translated faith in Jesus or Faith
    of Jesus (faithfulness of Jesus). Moo thinks

  • faith in is repetitive but is better. (Mark
    1122)
  • atonement cover (seat of Moses) is better than
    propitiation (Jesus died on Day of Atonement.)
  • His righteousness is activated only for those
    who believe, but is also for all those who
    believe.
  • 324 Jesus paid the price a slave pays for our
    eternal salvation (see 39.)
  • 325-26 Christs sacrifice vindicates Gods
    Justice

23
Justification (321-521)Justified by Faith, not
Works (327-31)
  • Paul appears to be addressing Jews here
  • We are saved on the basis of faith 22,26, 28, 30
  • Mosaic Law (works) does not contribute to
    Justification
  • We uphold the Mosaic Law because
  • It is a testimony to the gospel (41-25)
  • Bringing Conviction of sin (319-20)
  • Guidance for the Christian Life (138-10)
  • Standard of Guidance of Gods Holiness, now
    fulfilled in Christ (84)

24
Abraham Circumcision Summary (Genesis)
  • Abram traveled from Ur of the Chaldeans to Haran,
    then to Canaan at age of 75 (124)
  • Abrahamic covenant given by God to Abram (121-3)

  • Abram gives Melchizedek King of Salem 10
    receives a blessing from him (1418-21)
  • Abram believed in God it was reckoned as
    righteousness (156)
  • Hagar bears Abram now 86, Ishmael (1616)
  • Abraham is 99 requires circumcision
    (161,11-14)
  • Isaac born when Abraham is 100 and Sarah is 90
    (214-5)
  • Lord tries to kill Moses uncircumcised son (Ex.
    424-26)

25
Justification (321-521) Old Testament
Illustration (41-25)
  • Apart from works (Vertical) (41-8)
  • When we work, we are owed our wages
  • God does not owe us anything
  • Therefore we cannot be saved by working
  • Apart from the circumcision (Horizontal)
    (49-12)
  • Abraham spiritual father of all who believe as
    himself (Jews Gentiles)
  • Faithfulness preceded circumcision by 17 years
  • Section addresses both Gentile Christians
    Messianic Jews
  • When we are saved, Catholics taught we became
    righteous, reformers taught we only are credited
    with righteousness

26
Justification (321-521) Old Testament
Illustration (41-25)
  • Faith, not Law, Secures the Promise (413-17)
  • The promise is based on faith, no the law
  • The promise unites both Jewish and Gentile
    Christians
  • The faith was firm and unwavering
  • Is a Promise (418-22)
  • Faith is distinct from the law
  • Faith has no power of itself, only due to God
  • Faith is based on Gods Word

27
Justification (321-521) Old Testament
Illustration (41-25)
  • For Us thru God (423-25)
  • One of the few times Paul discusses faith in God
    (not Jesus) as the basis for our salvation
  • John 1244-50 further describes Jesus
  • God credits us with righteousness
  • So why cannot we be saved by faith in God not
    Jesus?
  • Old Testament saints, like Abraham, were saved
    this way
  • Abraham believed in Gods plan for him
  • Jesus is perfect reflection of God Heb 11-3
  • When we reject Jesus, we also reject God.

28
III. Justification (321-521) The Benefits of
Justification (51-11)
  • This Assurance inclusio with 818-39 brackets
    the next section
  • Hope for Final Salvation is another great
    theme
  • Peace and Hope (51-4) see Isaiah 3217-18
  • God loves us in Christ (555-8)
  • God acted for us in Christ (59-11)

29
Justification (321-521)The Reign of Grace and
Life (512-21)
  • Adam, Sin, and Universal Death (512)
  • A Sin Came into the world through Adam
  • B With sin came death
  • B Death spread to all people
  • A Because all people sinned
  • Death is both spiritual and physical
  • Paul is teaching about the universality of death

30
Justification (321-521)The Reign of Grace and
Life (512-21)
31
IV. Sanctification (6-8)Freedom from Bondage to
Sin (61-23)
  • Enslaved to God (15-23)
  • What then?
  • Shall we sin?
  • Because we are not under law but under grace
  • May it never be
  • Do you not know ?
  • You are no longer a slave to sin
  • You are now slave to righteousness
  • Therefore you have the benefit of sanctification,
    and the outcome, eternal life.
  • United to Christ (1-14)
  • What shall we say then
  • Are we to continue in sin?
  • So that grace may continue
  • May it never be
  • Or do you not know
  • Jesus was dead and lived again
  • So we also died thru Jesus and can live again
  • Therefore do not be under sin.

32
IV. Sanctification (6-8)Freedom from Bondage to
the Law (71-25)
  • Chapter 61-23
  • Death to Sin (2, 17)
  • I Identifies with Christs Death (4)
  • Walks in Newness of Life (4)
  • Christs resurrection(4,5)
  • Fruit Bearing (22)
  • Chapter 71-6
  • Death to the Law)4)
  • I Identifies with Christs Death (4)
  • Serve in newness of The Spirit )6)
  • Christs resurrection (4)
  • Free from Law (2, 3, 6)
  • Fruit Bearing (4)

33
IV. Sanctification (6-8)The Law (77-25)
  • The Coming of the Law (77-12)
  • Life Under the Law (713-25)
  • Applies to Jewish non-believers
  • Romans 714, 16 describes non-believers
  • Roman 718 does not describe believers
  • Christians can apply this passage to describe
    their daily lives but remember
  • We are slaves to righteousness
  • We are not slaves to sin and should not sin

34
IV. Sanctification (6-8)Assurance (81-39)
35
IV. Sanctification (6-8)Assurance (81-39)
  • The Role of the Spirit (81-17)
  • Sufferings and Glory (818-25)
  • Prayers of The Holy Spirit (826-27)
  • Purpose of the Father (828-29)
  • Three Questions (831-39)
  • Who will bring any charge against those God has
    chosen?
  • Who is he that condemns?
  • Who shall separate us from the love of Christ?

36
V. Vindication (9-11) Israels privileges
Gods Prerogative (9)
  • Israels Privileges (91-5)
  • Israel loved by Paul (91-3)
  • Israel blessed by God (94-6)
  • Gods Prerogative (96-29)
  • Promise of God(96-13)
  • Justice of God (914-18)
  • Glory of God (919-29)
  • Israels Pursuit (930-33)

37
V. Vindication (9-11) Christ, the Climax of
Salvation History (10)
  • Salvation (101-13)
  • Not by Works (101-5)
  • Only by Faith (106-13)
  • Evangelism (1014-15)
  • Repudiation (1016-21)

38
V. Vindication (9-11) Israel not entirely
rejected, Gentiles (11)
  • Remnant among Israelites (111-10)
  • Temporary Replacement by the Gentiles (1111-21)
  • Riches of God (1133-36)

39
Exhortations (12-16) Dedicated Service (121-21)
  • Jews Gentiles get along as both groups are
    members of one body
  • Commitment to God (121-2)
  • Correct Assessments (123-8)
  • Do not think too highly of yourself
  • Concern for One Another (129-16)
  • Coals for Offenders (1217-21)

40
Exhortations (12-16) Be Subject to Government
(131-14)
  • Pauls instructions to unique Rome situation.
    Apply carefully applying to our situation today.

  • Remember Rome will smash Jerusalem 70 A.D. just
    13 years in the future.
  • Respect for God-ordained Authority (131-7)
  • Responsibility for God-supplied love (138-10)
  • Reading for Gods Appointed Day (1311-14)

41
Exhortations (12-16) The Strong and the Weak
(141-1513)
  • Who are strong and weak?
  • Ex-idolaters newly converted from paganism
  • Ascetics
  • Legalists
  • Jewish Christians (for the most part) that are
    continuing the conscious commitment to Jewish
    regulations regarding diet and days.
  • Stewardship

42
Exhortations (12-16) Closing (16)
  • Those Greeted
  • Prisca (Priscilla) Acts 182-3, highly esteemed
  • Most had Roman or Greek names (to avoid
    persecution.)
  • Warnings about false teachers
  • Applications
  • Support your pastors and church leaders
  • Always support the gospel and remove false
    teachers.

43
Bibliography
  • Gundry, Robert H. A Survey of the New Testament,
    4th ed. Grand Rapids Zondervan, 2003.
  • Harrison, Everett F. Romans through Galatians.
    The Expositors Bible Commentary with the New
    International Version, Grand Rapids Zondervan,
    1976.
  • Martinez, Ted. Talbot Roman Lectures. La
    Mirada Biola Bookstore, Summer 2004.
  • Moo, Douglas J. The Epistle to the Romans. The
    New International Commentary on the New
    Testament. Grand Rapids Eerdmans, 1996.
  • _____________ Romans. Zondervan Illustrated
    Bible Backgrounds Commentary. Grand Rapids
    Zondervan, 2002.
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com