Welcome to...

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Welcome to...
The Show of the Century
Recline Your Chair, Put Your Feet Up and Enjoy...
Learning About the Respiratory and
Circulatory Systems of the Human Body
Best viewed at full screen and high resolution
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Title Page
Human Respiratory System Diagram
Best viewed at full screen
Nasal Passage
Pharynx
Trachea
Bronchiole
Bronchi
Caltex American School Duri Sumatra,
Indonesia By Jerry Hogan Meganne Benger
Alveoli
Respiratory System created
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Oxygen Cell
Hi I am O2 ,you can call me oxygen, and I will
be your guide today. I advise you keep all feet
and hands inside the ride at all times.
JH
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Respiratory Intro
You may be asking, what is the Respiratory
system? Well, the Respiratory system is the
system that helps you breath in and out, so
oxygen (02) can be pumped through your body and
carbon dioxide (CO2) can be removed from the
blood stream. You must remember that the
Respiratory system is made up of many different
organs.
JH
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Where are we?
Here We Go!!!
JH
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Picture Intro
Here is a overview picture of the Respiratory
System. Just go to the next slide to see it.
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Respiratory Overview Picture
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Welcome
Now we will begin our tour. Welcome to
The Respiratory System
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The Nose and Mouth
This is where it all begins. This is where the
oxygen first enters your body and also where
Carbon Dioxide leaves.
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The Nose and Mouth
When the air comes into your nose it
gets filtered by tiny hairs and it is moistened
by the mucus that is in your nose.
Your sinuses also help out with your Respiratory
System. They help to moisten and heat the air
that you breath.
Air can also get into your body through
your mouth/oral cavity but air is not filtered
as much when it enters in through your mouth.
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Nose and Mouth Picture
Nasal Cavity
Nostril Oral Cavity
Pharynx
Here is a picture of your nasal and oral cavity.
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Where are We?
We are here.
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The Pharynx and Trachea
Next we will head down to your pharynx (throat)
and your trachea (windpipe). This is where the
air passes from your nose to your bronchi tubes
and lungs.
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The Pharynx and Trachea
Your pharynx (throat) gathers air after it passes
through your nose and then the air is passed
down to your trachea (windpipe).
Your trachea is held open by incomplete rings of
cartilage. Without these rings your trachea
might close off and air would not be able to get
to and from your lungs.
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Where are We?
We are here.
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The Bronchi Tubes and Bronchiole Intro
Your trachea (windpipe) splits up into two
bronchi tubes. These two tubes keep splitting up
and form your bronchiole.
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The Bronchi Tubes and Bronchiole
These bronchi tubes split up, like tree
branches, and get smaller and smaller inside your
lungs.
The air flows past your bronchi tubes and into
your bronchiole. These tubes keep getting
smaller and smaller until they finally end with
small air sacs (called alveoli). But we will go
there later
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Alveoli and Bronchi Picture
Trachea
Bronchi Tubes
Bronchiole
Alveoli
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Where are We?
We are here.
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The Alveoli and Capillary Network
Now we will head over to the alveoli and what
happens when the air finally makes it down there.
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The Alveoli and Capillary Network
Your alveoli are tiny air sacs that fill up with
air/oxygen when you breath in.
Your alveoli are surrounded by many tiny blood
vessels called capillaries.
The walls of your alveoli (and capillaries) are
so thin that the oxygen or carbon dioxide can
pass through them, traveling right into, or out
of your blood stream.
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Alveoli Picture
Here is a close up picture of your Alveoli and a
Capillary surrounding it.
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Where are We?
We are here.
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Alveolus
Bronchiole
Respiratory Bronchiole
Alveolar Duct
Alveolar Sac
Capillaries
Alveolus
JH
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Looking at the Alveoli
Lets take a closer look shall we.
JH
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Chemicals
JH
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Diffusion
Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide
Oxygen diffuses through the membrane into the
blood stream. Carbon Dioxide diffuses through the
membrane and enters the alveolus.
Alveolus
Contiguous Basal Laminae (Membrane)
Capillary
A specialized thin layer of skin that oxygen
and carbon dioxide can pass through.
JH
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Cool pictures
JH
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Intro to Diaphragm
Now we will look at the Diaphragm. You might be
wondering, what does the Diaphragm do? The
Diaphragm is an important factor in breathing.
JH
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Diagram of Diaphragm
JH
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Diaphragm Experiment
Here is an experiment that you can try.
JH
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Experiment Instructions
1st you need a bottle that you can sacrifice to
cut up.
2nd you cut the bottom of the bottle and put a
big balloon on the bottom.
3rd get a rubber cork ( make sure it blocks the
hole)and put a hole through it ( top to bottom).
Insert a thin tube into the cork and place a
balloon on the bottom of the tube.
4th make sure the thing is airtight.
JH
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Respiratory Overview Review
CO2
Air Passing over the mucus membrane of the nasal
cavity is moistened, warmed, and filtered
Inside the lungs the Bronchi branch into small
tubes called bronchioles
The Pharynx, or throat, is located where passages
from the nose and mouth came together.
At the end of the bronchioles are bunches of
alveoli, air sacs, arranged like grapes on a stem
Air enters the trachea, or wind pipe which leads
to and from the lungs
If one lobe is injured or diseased, the other
lobes may be able to function normally
The trachea divides into two tubes called bronchi
JH
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Fun Facts

• At rest, the body takes in and breathes out
  about 10 liters of air each minute.
• The right lung is slightly larger than the
  left.
• The highest recorded "sneeze speed" is 165 km
  per hour.
• The surface area of the lungs is roughly the
  same size as a tennis court.
• The capillaries in the lungs would extend
  1,600 kilometers if placed end to end.
• We lose half a liter of water a day through
  breathing. This is the water vapor we see when we
  breathe onto glass.
• A person at rest usually breathes between 12
  and 15 times a minute.
• The breathing rate is faster in children and
  women than in men.

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Key Words

• Respiratory System- The group of organs in your
  body that are responsible for taking in Oxygen
  and breathing out the Carbon Dioxide which is the
  waste product of cellular respiration.
• Oxygen-The gas that your body needs to work and
  function.
• Carbon Dioxide- The waste product (gas) that is
  produced through respiration of people and
  animals.
• Nose/Nasal Cavity- Where Oxygen first enters your
  body. Tiny hairs help filter the air and air is
  moistened and heated by your nose. Your Nose
  leads into your Nasal Cavity.
• Mouth/Oral Cavity- Oxygen/air can also enter
  through your Mouth but it is not filtered. Your
  Mouth opens up into your Oral Cavity.
• Sinus- A cavity in the bones of your skull that
  helps moisten and heat the air that you breath.
• Pharynx/Throat- Gathers air from your Nasal and
  Oral Cavities and passes it to your Trachea.
• Trachea/Windpipe- A tube like pathway that
  connects your throat to your Bronchi Tubes and
  lungs. Air passes through it when it travels from
  the Pharynx to the Bronchi Tubes.

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Key Words Cont.

• Bronchi Tubes- Each tube (one per lung) splits up
  into many smaller tubes called Bronchiole, like
  branches on a tree.
• Bronchiole- Keep splitting up until they reach
  your Alveoli.
• Respiratory Bronchiole- The air-tubes that are
  actually connected to the Alveoli.
• Alveolar Duct- The final tube, which is part of
  the Alveoli, that leads to the air-sacs.
• Alveolar Sac- Where the chemical change takes
  place and where blood cells pick up oxygen and
  drop off carbon dioxide.
• Alveoli- Tiny air-sacs at the end of your
  Alveolar Duct. They fill up with Oxygen and are
  surrounded by Capillaries.
• Capillaries- Tiny blood streams (around one cell
  wide) that surround your Alveoli. They take
  Oxygen out of our Lungs and replace it with
  Carbon Dioxide, which you later breath out.
• Diaphragm- The muscle membrane that helps you
  breath in and out by changing the pressure in
  your chest cavity.

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Works Cited

• For more information please visit
• http//yucky.kids.discovery.com/flash/body/pg00013
  8.html
• -Why do you need to breathe? And basic info on
  parts of the Respiratory system
• http//www.lung.ca/children/grades7_12/respiratory
  /index.html
• -An overview of the parts of Respiratory System
• http//www4.tpgi.com.au/users/amcgann/body/respira
  tory.html
• -A basic look at the Respiratory System
• http//www4.tpgi.com.au/users/amcgann/body/respira
  tory_facts.html
• -Fun Facts
• http//users.pandora.be/educypedia/education/respi
  ratory.htm
• -Very detailed info and some animation-Has many
  other body systems too
• http//www.bioedonline.org/slides/slide01.cfm?tk5
  pg2S
• -Web slides with a little info and good pictures
• www.geocities.com/medinotes/nasal_cavity.htm
• -The Nose and Nasal Cavity
• Human anatomy coloring book

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Works Cited Cont.

• Where we got some of our pictures
• http//www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/img/pe0
  1021.gif
• http//www.sirinet.net/jgjohnso/respiratorylungs
  .gif http//academic.pg.cc.md.us/aimholtz/AandP/
  206_ONLINE/Resp/Images/respstructures.jpg
• http//www.cancersa.org.au/files/1/2/17/226/airway
  sfullylabelled.jpg
• http//www.researchmatters.harvard.edu/photos/645.
  jpg
• http//www4.tpgi.com.au/users/amcgann/body/respira
  tory.html
• http//www.sirinet.net/jgjohnso/humanrespiratory8
  .jpg

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Prepare Your Cranium For The Further Insertion of
Knowledge
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Title Page
The Circulatory System
Circulatory System Created by
Hannah Redlich and Joe Zalan
Caltex American School Duri, Indonesia
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Introduction

• The Circulatory System is the main cooling and
  transportation system for the human body
• The body has about 5 liters of blood continuously
  traveling through it by way of the Circulatory
  System
• In the Circulatory System, the heart, lungs, and
  blood vessels have to work together
• The Circulatory System has three different parts
  pulmonary circulation (lungs), coronary
  circulation (heart), and systemic circulation,
  (the rest of the systems processes).

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The Heart
This organ is what pumps oxygen rich blood,
nutrients, hormones, and the other things your
body needs to maintain your health, to your
organs and tissues. The pulmonary veins you see
on the right side of the diagram come from your
lungs, where the blood cells collect oxygen. Its
then pumped out to the rest of the body through
the Aorta (Top). All of the blue sections show
blood cells carrying waste, (C02) moving back to
the lungs (where the C02 will be replaced by
oxygen) through the Pulmonary Artery (Top, blue)
Pulmonary Artery
(Superior Vena Cava) From the Body
(Aortic Artery) To the body
Pulmonary Veins
Valves (tricuspid valve semilunar (pulmonary)
valve, bicuspid (mitral) valve, and the semilunar
(aortic) valve
(Inferior Vena Cava) From the Body
By The Way
Whenever the blood is pumped from one section of
the heart another a valve closes behind it
preventing the blood from moving backwards.
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Blood Flow through Heart

• Blood from the body travels into the right
  atrium, moves into the right ventricle, and is
  finally pushed into lungs in the pulmonary
  arteries
• The blood then picks up oxygen and travels back
  to the heart into the left atrium through the
  pulmonary veins
• The blood then travels through the to the Left
  Ventricle and exits to the body through the
  Aorta

Left Atrium
Right Atrium
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Blood Flow to Arms

• Oxygen rich blood leaves the heart and travels
  through arteries
• In the capillaries the oxygen and food is given
  to the bodys cells
• The blood finally travels back through veins to
  the heart to pick up oxygen

ARTERIES- FROM HEART
CAPILLARIES
VEINS- TO HEART
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Path to the Exchange
Pulmonary Vein
Aorta
A red blood cell then travels from the heart
through arteries that eventually branch into the
bodys vast system of capillaries (microscopic
blood vessels which connect arteries and veins),
they eventually lead to
Brachial Artery
Renal Artery
Redial Artery
Ulnar Artery
Iliac Artery
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The Exchange
TRANSACT
When the itty bitty teeny tiny red blood cells
pass the desired tissue they.
Oxy-Rich Blood Cell
Tissue
The oxygen the blood cells are carrying is given
to the bodys tissue.
Tissue
And the CO2 (waste) from the tissue is given to
the same blood cell to be exhaled.
Oxy-Poor Blood Cell
Technically the Hemoglobin in the blood (a
substance full of iron) attracts oxygen from the
lungs. The red blood cell then carries it to the
desired tissue. Because this tissue has a high
CO2 count the hemoglobin lets go of its oxygen
and collects the carbon dioxide. You see the
hemoglobin has an affinity for whichever gas has
a greater count. Because the tissue has a large
amount of built up waste (CO2) the hemoglobin
attracts it and then replaces it with oxygen, and
vise versa in the lungs.
How It Works
Now lets travel to the legs!!!
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Blood Flow to Legs
!FUN FACT!

• Approximately 500 ml of blood moves from the
  heart and lungs down to the legs when a person
  stands up after lying down
• The oxygen rich blood cells then travel through
  the capillaries where yet another

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Gas Exchange Occurs,
The oxygen and CO2 are exchangedin the cells
Oxygen Rich
Tissue
Dont forget that the Hemoglobin in the blood
cells let go of the cells oxygen because of the
large CO2 (waste) count in the tissue.
Oxygen Poor
Oxygen Rich
Oxygen Poor
Now lets go back to the heart!!!
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Circulation back to Heart
To upper body
From upper body
To lung

• Capillaries carry the blood to
• Venules that connect to veins and the
• Veins (wide blood vessels) carries the
  oxygen-poor blood back to the heart.

To lung
From lung
From lung
Right Atrium
Left Atrium
Right Ventricle
Left Ventricle
From lower body
To lower body
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Conclusion
As you have learned (Hopefully) the Circulatory
System is one of the most important systems in
the human body
It is the only reason youre still alive today
and you can attribute the cooling down, feeding
of and protection of your body to it.
So the next time you bust open your leg
skateboarding you can thank your Circulatory
System for patching you up.
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Works Cited

• For further information please visit
• http//www.carolguze.com/images/organsystems/circu
  latory2.jpg -circulation picture
• http//users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyP
  ages/C/Circulation2.html -how circulatory system
  works
• http//www.medical-art-service.de/assets/images/3_
  KA_704.jpg -Heart and Leg Pictures
• http//www.ama-assn.org/ama1/pub/upload/images/446
  /circulationgeneral.gif -circulation picture
• http//eduserv.hscer.washington.edu/hubio553/atlas
  /232.html -arm picture
• http//adam.about.com/encyclopedia/19387.html
  -heart picture
• http//www.tmc.edu/thi/anatomy1.html -detailed
  views of the Cardiovascular System
• http//www.tmc.edu/thi/leg.jpg -complex leg
  picture
• http//www.med.umich.edu/1libr/wha/circ.gif-
  diagram of the circulatory system
• http//images.google.co.id/imgres?imgurlhttp//ww
  w4.tpgi.com.au/users/amcgann/body/circulatory/body
  _circulation.jpgimgrefurlhttp//www4.tpgi.com.au
  /users/amcgann/body/circulatory.htmlh369w300s
  z23tbnidrSdZ_CMJpBYJtbnh117tbnw95start12
  3prev/images3Fq3Dcirculatory2Bsystem26start
  3D12026hl3Den26lr3D26ie3DUTF-826sa3D
  -picture of heart valves
• http//eduserv.hscer.washington.edu/hubio553/atlas
  /232.html -basic picture of arteries

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The End
The End!

• So Take a Deep Breath and
• Go Home